• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.216-223
• /
• 2010

Abalone (Haliotis discus hannai), mostly distributed and maricultured in southwestern coastal areas of South Korea, is recognized as an economically important species in the fishery industry. Abalone intestines are one of the by-products of abalone processing. To investigate abalone intestines as bioactive substances, abalone intestine gastrointestinal digests (AIGIDs) of various molecular weights (MWs) were prepared using in vitro gastrointestinal digestion and an ultrafiltration system, and tested for inhibitory effects against reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress in macrophage cells treated with hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$). In our results, among AIGIDs, AIGID-III (MW=5-10 kDa) showed potent inhibitory activities for lipid peroxidation and free radicals. Additionally, the results clearly indicated that AIGID-III treatment could prevent cytotoxic damage of macrophages by $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative stress due to its potent scavenging ability against cellular ROS. These results suggest that AIGIDs may have protective and therapeutic potential for oxidative stress syndromes and immune diseases through ROS inhibition in macrophage cells.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.48 no.6
• /
• pp.618-621
• /
• 2016

Geranium thunbergii is a perennial plant commonly used as an oriental medicine for prevention of diarrhea, constipation, and gastrointestinal disorders. However, its anti-inflammatory effect has not been evaluated thus far. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of G. thunbergii. In this study, G. thunbergii extracted with methanol; this methanol extract was further partitioned using various solvents, and G. thunbergii ethyl acetate fraction (GTEF) was obtained. To determine the anti-inflammatory activity of G. thunbergii, the effects of GTEF on nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were evaluated. GTEF suppressed NO production in a dose-dependent manner without any toxic effects. In addition, western blotting was performed to examine the effect of GTEF on expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2. These results suggest that GTEF as a phytoextract may be useful for the prevention or treatment of inflammation.

• Laser Solutions
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2012

The friction force of patterned needle in elastomer have been investigated to verify the application for bio and plastic industry. The micro pattern on the needle surface were prepared by 266 nm, 20 ns laser and 800 nm, 220 fs laser, which were able to generate the different surface roughness. The friction force was measured by the load cell of 10 N capacity. As the results, the friction force of no patterned needle is almost constant during the needle penetrates the silicone rubber sample. However, the needle having asperities shows the variation of the friction force. The higher the surface roughness is, the smaller the friction force is until the surface roughness is very high. In our experiment conditions, the reduction of the friction force by 20 % compared to no pattern needle was achieved with straight and $50{\mu}m$ discrete line generated by 266 nm, 20 ns laser.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.14 no.6
• /
• pp.836-840
• /
• 2005

Extraction characteristics of Bonus species of Brassica oleracea var. capita and functional properties of corresponding extract were monitored by response surface methodology (RSM). Maximum extraction yield of 44.07% was obtained at ratio of solvent to sample of 27.94 mL/g, ethanol concentration of 24.35%, and extraction temperature of $55.21^{\circ}C$. At ratio of solvent to sample, ethanol concentration, and extraction temperature of 21.11 mL/g, 58.53%, and $68.83^{\circ}C$, respectively, maximum electron-donating ability was 48.44%. Maximum inhibitory effect on tyrosinase was 68.94% at ratio of solvent to sample, ethanol concentration, and extraction temperature of 24.08 mL/g, 10.49%, and $78.71^{\circ}C$, respectively. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) showed maximum pseudo-activity of 24.78% at ratio of solvent to sample of 22.66 mL/g, ethanol concentration of 45.69%, and extraction temperature of $93.81^{\circ}C$. Based on superimposition of four-dimensional RSM with respect to extraction yield, electron-donating ability, and pseudo-activity of SOD, optimum ranges of extraction conditions were ratio of solvent to sample of 20-30 mL/g, ethanol concentration of 35-65%, and extraction temperature of $50-80^{\circ}C$.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2011

Design patent is a type of industrial design right that is granted on the ornamental design of a functional item. We analyzed domestic design patents that were applied from 1965 until 2008, to the field of functional clothing. Since the year 2000 the number of design patents of functional clothing progressively increased. Design patents applied to the functional clothing field includes sport wear (47%), working clothes (34%), and leisure wear (19%). Design development of the sports wear from the latter half of 1990's has shown a continuously increasing tendency. The most patent applications belonged to the companies(51.4%), followed by individual applicants (46.6%), and the universities or laboratories had the least number of applications (2.0%). In case of working clothes or the leisure wear, the number of design applications focusing on the functional characteristic is higher than that of aesthetic characteristic, however, the number of design applications focusing on the aesthetic characteristic is higher in sportswear.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
• /
• v.12 no.5
• /
• pp.555-563
• /
• 2010

This research has attempted for a categorization by contemplating on concepts and characteristics of eco fashion design through analysis of precedent studies and to study the design characteristics, images, and internal values through keyword and design codes which appeared in the precedent studies. The subject of analysis was mostly focused on the theses published in international and domestic academic journals from 1990s to September 2009. The design characteristics of each eco fashion design were analyzed by classifying by form, detail, color, fabric and pattern. Method of analysis did content analysis. The results of the research can be summarized as follows. First of all, types of eco fashion design were human-ecology design, natural-ecology design, and social-ecology design. Secondly, the human-ecology design was presented a natural and comfortable form, color of the nature, and functional and new materials. The natural-ecology design was presented a natural silhouette, natural colors, and natural fiber. The social-ecology design were used a loose silhouette and over-size forms, natural colors, and recycled materials and bio fabric. Thirdly, the images per type of eco fashion design were Zen, sportive, natural, and modern image. And the internal values were presented efficiency, health-orientation, naturalness, and continuity.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
• /
• v.23 no.5 s.182
• /
• pp.190-196
• /
• 2006

Transparent materials are widely used in the fields of optic parts and bio industry. We have experiment to find out the characteristics of the micromachining inside transparent materials using femtosecond laser pulses. With its non-linear effects by very high peak intensity, filament (plasma channel) was formed by the cause of the self-focusing and the self-defocusing. Physical damage could be found when the intensity is high enough to give rise to the thermal stress or evaporation. At the vicinity of the power which makes the visible damage or modification, the structural modification occurs with the slow scanning speed. According to the polarization direction to the scanning direction, the filament quality is quite different. There is a good quality when the polarization direction is parallel to the scanning direction. For fine filament, we could suggest the conditions of the high numerical aperture lens, the short shift of focusing point, the low scanning speed and the low power below 20 mW. As the examples of optics parts, we fabricated the fresnel zone plate with the $225{\mu}m$ diameter and Y-bend optical wave guide with the $5{\mu}m$ width.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.29 no.6
• /
• pp.475-484
• /
• 2015

In this paper, we studied the anti-oxidative capacities and protective effects of water extract of Gagam-Danguieumja(GDE) against Ultraviolet B(UVB)-induced oxidative damage in human keratinocytes(HaCaT). To evaluate the anti-oxidative activities of GDE, we measured scavenging activities on DPPH radical, hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, lipid peroxidation and reducing power of GDE. To detect the protective effects of GDE against UVB, we irradiated with 40 mJ/㎠`s UVB to HaCaT cells then we measured reactive oxygen species(ROS) generation, apoptotic bodies and cell viability using DCFH-DA assay, Hoechst 33342 staining and MTT assay. GDE showed the anti-oxidative activities by scavenging DPPH radical, hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, lipid peroxidation. Also GDE showed high reducing values. GDE reduced oxidative stress conditions by inhibition of ROS expression. Also the cell apoptosis by UVB-induced oxidative conditions was decreased by GDE treatment. These results could suggest that GDE had anti-oxidative activities and exhibited protective effects against UVB on HaCaT cells. GDE would be useful for the development of cosmetics treating UVB-induced skin aging.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.20 no.6
• /
• pp.520-525
• /
• 2012

Prostaglandin (PG) $E_2$, the most abundant prostaglandin in the human body, is synthesized from arachidonic acid via the actions of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes. $PGE_2$ exerts homeostatic, cytoprotective, inflammatory, and in some cases anti-inflammatory effects. Also, it has been reported that $PGE_2$ is involved in hair growth. Diphlorethohydroxycarmalol (DPHC) is a phlorotannin compound isolated from the brown algae Ishige okamurae, with various biological activities in vitro and in vivo. In this study, the biological effect and mechanism of action of DPHC on prostaglandin synthesis in HaCaT human keratinocytes was examined. The results showed that, in these cells, DPHC significantly and dose-dependently induced $PGE_2$ synthesis by increasing the protein and mRNA levels of COX-1 and COX-2. Interestingly, DPHC-induced COX-1 expression preceded that of COX-2. Also, while both rofecoxib and indomethacin inhibited $PGE_2$ production, the latter was seems to be the more potent. From above results, we can expect that DPHC has some beneficial effects via increasing of $PGE_2$ production.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.36 no.2
• /
• pp.135-139
• /
• 2017

BACKGROUND: Identification and characterization of endophytic yeasts inhabiting the roots of Ulmus parvifolia Jacq. and Quercus salicina Blume require biotechnological and culture-based techniques. METHODS AND RESULTS: Homogenized U. parvifolia and Q. salicina root samples were spread onto four types of agar medium containing ancgtibiotics, L-sorbose, and Triton X-100. In total, 25 yeast strains were isolated and subjected to phylogenetic analysis based on their internal transcribed spacer region sequences. The results revealed that the yeast genera Cyberlindnera (12 isolates) and Cryptococcus (1 isolate) were associated with roots of U. parvifolia; and the genera Rhodotorula (8 isolates), Trichosporon (3 isolates), and Kluyveromyces (1 isolate) were associated with roots of Q. salicina. Additionally, a Kluyveromyces isolate produced a detectable level of bioethanol. The yeast strains reported herein may be used in industrial production of biosurfactants and bioethanol. CONCLUSION: Our findings revealed that the endophytic yeast genera Cyberlindnera and Cryptococcus predominated in roots of U. parvifolia; and the genera Rhodotorula (8 isolates), Trichosporon (3 isolates), and Kluyveromyces (1 isolate) predominated in roots of Q. salicina. Additionally, Kluyveromyces isolates produced a detectable level of bioethanol.