• 대한본초학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.31-43
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• 2023

Objective : Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is caused by excess alcohol intake. In the liver, alcohol breakdown results formation of toxic byproducts that lead to damage to tissue. This study is to investigate the therapeutic effects of Paeoniae Radix Alba and Puerariae Radix combination (PP) on ALD. Methods : PP was analyzed for polyphenolic compounds and free radical scavenging activity. ALD mouse model was induced by feeding ethanol and water (Control), silymarin (50 mg/kg), low-dose (PP: 100 mg/kg) or high-dose (PP: 200 mg/kg) was orally administrated to ALD mice for 14 days. The serum was assessed with levels of AST, ALT, total bilirubin, total cholesterol, and triglyceride. Liver tissues were evaluated for ROS levels, degree of liver damage and protein expression. Results : The 3:1 (Paeoniae Radix Alba:Puerariae Radix) ratio showed the best antioxidant values for the experiment. In ALD model, levels of AST, ALT, total bilirubin, total cholesterol, and triglyceride were significantly increased in the Control and the levels were decreased by treatment of PP. In addition, increased ROS, ONOO^- and MDA levels in the Control were reduced in the PP groups. Western blot analysis figured out that proteins related to ROS and cholesterol metabolism were higher in ALD than in PP-treated ALD. Antioxidant enzyme expression was low in the control group and increased by PP treatment. Conclusion : Our results suggest that PP has the potential to be a medicine in ALD in terms of regulating oxidative stress and adjusting lipid metabolism.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.617-629
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• 2023

Reactive oxygen species are the byproducts of metabolic processes in the body, However, excessive amount may cause side effects such as cancer. Therefore, to reduce the production of these species, but their long-term administration at high doses may induce side effects. Hence, natural materials with antioxidant activities are attracting attention. Two of these natural materials are soybean sprouts and Hovenia dulcis Thunb. fruits, but few studies have evaluated the effects of their combination. Thus, we prepared a soybean sprout extract containing 1.5% H. dulcis Thunb. fruit concentrate (BHM) to develop a functional food material derived from natural products and then confirmed its physicochemical properties and physiological activity. Among the organic acids detected in BHM, malic acid exhibited the highest content of 1,451.03 ppm, and the main free sugars were glucose (645.48 ppm) and fructose (738.11 ppm). Taurine was the most abundant free amino acid at a concentration of 11.95 ppm, followed by those of arginine (10.97 ppm) and glutamic acid (10.16 ppm). Analyses of the mineral components revealed large amounts of Zn and Fe in BHM, and the respective total polyphenol and flavonoid contents in BHM were 957.16 and 601.93 ppm. The DPPH radical and H₂O₂ scavenging activities and reducing power indicated excellent antioxidant efficacy compared to the positive controls. Furthermore, blood alcohol and acetaldehyde concentrations were measured to confirm the hangover-relieving effects of BHM, with both significantly decreased (p<0.05). BHM displays potential for development as a functional food, and the results of this study may be used as basic data in further research.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.97-102
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• 2011

In this study, whitening activity of Lithospermum erythrorhizon extracts were investigated according to several extraction processes: water extraction at $100^{\circ}C$ (WE100) and $60^{\circ}C$ (WE60), 70% ethyl alcohol extraction (EE) and ultra high pressure extraction (HPE) at 500 MPa for 30 minutes at $60^{\circ}C$. The extracts from ultra high pressure extraction showed the highest tyrosinase inhibition and melanogenesis inhibition activities as 52% and 79.5%, respectively, in adding $1mg/m{\ell}$ than others extraction processes. HPE extracts also showed the strong reducing power as 3.19 that absorbance at 450 mm. The contents of polyphenol in WE100, we measured as $10.1{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ in adding $1mg/m{\ell}$. Extracts have a high total flavonoid contents by HPE as $4.1{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ at $1mg/m{\ell}$. We can conclude that better whitening activity of extracts from high pressure extraction was due to high antioxidant activities which could be extracted by higher polyphenol and flavonoid contents in HPE than others.

• 청정기술
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.122-126
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• 2007

Polyurethane, PVA(polyvinyl alcohol)와 지렁이 분변토를 혼합하여 제작한 bio-carrier를 충전한 바이오필터(biofilter)를 이용하여 $NH_3$ 악취를 제거하였다. SV(Space velocity)가 50 $h^{-1}$인 조건에서 $NH_3$ 농도를 $4\;{\sim}\;454\;ppmv$로 증가시켰을 때 출구로부터 $NH_3$가 검출되지 않았다. 또한 $NH_3$ 가스의 조건을 $50{\sim}400\;h^{-1}$로 설정하여 각각의 조건에서 $NH_3$농도를 점진적으로 증가시켜 $NH_3$ 가스의 제거효율을 알아보았다. 악취가 공급되는 조건 중 SV $50\;h^{-1}$에서 $NH_3$의 최대 유입부하량은 $11.38\;g-NH_3{\cdot}m^{-3}{\cdot}h^{-1}$로 100%의 제거효율을 나타냈으며, SV $100\;h^{-1}$에서는 $34.42\;g-NH_3{\cdot}m^{-3}{\cdot}h^{-1}$에서 100%의 제거효율을 나타냈다. SV 300 $h^{-1}$에서 $NH_3$ 최대 부하량은 $71.28\;g-NH_3{\cdot}m^{-3}{\cdot}h^{-1}$이었으며, 제거효율은 99.85%로 나타났다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2011

This study was performed to enhance anticancer activities of Lithospermum erythrorhizon by eluting high amount of shikonin through ultra high pressure process. Extraction yield was increased up to 5~10% by ultra high pressure process, compare to the normal extraction processes such as water solvent extraction, 70% ethyl alcohol solvent extraction. The cytotoxicity of the extracts ($1.0{\mu}g/m{\ell}$) from ultra high pressure process was showed the lowest cytotoxicity 13.4% for human lung cell (HEL299). The anticancer activities showed 80~85% by adding $1.0{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of the extracts from ultra high pressure process in several cancer cell lines such as AGS, Hep3B, MCF-7 and HeLa cells. Among them, MCF-7 cell of the endocrine system was highest inhibited than other cells. The anticancer activities of the extracts from ultra high pressure extraction process showed 10~15%, which was higher than the extracts from normal extraction processes. From HPLC analysis of the extracts, the contents of shikonin in the extracts from ultra high pressure process was 11.42% (w/w), which was 20% higher than others. This results indicate that ultra high pressure process could increase the extraction yield of shikonin and other contents, which resulted in higher anticancer activities.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.240-244
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• 2004

순환식 양액재배시 계면활성제가 무기이온 흡수 증진에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 상추의 생육, 광합성율, 증산율 및 무기이온 함량을 분석하였다. 상추 생육은 $0.3mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ PVA-95처리에서 가장 높았으며, l/2배액에서 재배된 상추의 생육도 양호하였다. 칼슘 함량이 증가된 $0.3mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ CLS 처리의 상추는 생육이 낮음에도 불구하고 높은 증산율과 광합성율 및 엽내 카리, 칼슘 및 마그네슘 함량이 높았다. 따라서 높은 생육량과 비료 절감 효과가 인정된 PVA-95 처리와 CLS 처리에 의한 엽내 무기 성분 함량 증가가 인정됨에 따라 수경재배 상추의 고품질 생산에 유용하게 사용 가능하리라고 판단된다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.98-107
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• 2014

New in vitro anti-diabetes makgeolli was produced from rice by adding various quantities of Laminaria japonica, and the fermentation characteristics of the L. japonica makgeolli during the fermentation process were investigated. The contents of alcohol and reducing sugar, and viable count of yeast, of L. japonica makgeolli were not significantly changed when the proportion of L. japonica was increased. The total acid content decreased with an increase in L. japonica concentration; the pH and total bacterial cell count increased in proportion with the increase in L. japonica concentration. The L. japonica makgeolli contents of free sugars, such as fructose, glucose, and sucrose, and of organic acids, such as acetic acid, citric acid, succinic acid, and lactic acid, were altered during fermentation and showed various patterns. The effects of the quantity of L. japonica added on the acceptability and anti-diabetes activities of L. japonica makgeolli were also investigated. In a sensory evaluation, L. japonica makgeolli brewed by adding 2.5 or 5% L. japonica to the mash showed the best overall acceptability; the 12.5% L. japonica sample was least favored due to its seaweed flavor. L. japonica addition did not increase the peroxynitrite-scavenging activity of makgeolli. L. japonica makgeolli showed potent anti-diabetes activity, particularly that containing >7.5% L. japonica. Therefore, L. japonica makgeolli may represent a new functional makgeolli with anti-diabetes properties.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.209-216
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• 2007

To investigate the applicability as the functional food materials of germinated Glycine max Merr soybeans, its biochemical characteristics and its abilities to inhibit platelet aggregation and hydrolyze alcohol were examined. With the progression of germination time, crude protein content gradually increased, and on the 5th day of germination it was 30.19%. However, crude fat content tended to decrease, and on the 5th day of germination it was 14.30%. Total amino acid content was highest on the 3rd day of germination at 80,875 mg%. The free amino acid content doubled from day 0 of germination (1,273.35 mg%) until the 5th day of germination (2,742.99 mg%). Fatty acid analysis revealed that linoleic acid was highest among all the samples, ranging from $53.55{\sim}56.00%$. Linolenic acid content slightly increased as the germination period was prolonged. The ability to inhibit platelet aggregation increased according to the germination period and then decreased again on the 5th day of germination; it was somewhat higher in the ethanol fraction. In measuring ADH, we found that the activity of the ethanol fraction increased with increasing days of germination. In the case of the water fraction, the activity decreased as germination was prolonged, and the ADH activity of the water fraction was higher than that of the ethanol fraction. Based on the above results, we deemed that the Glycine max Merr soybeans germinated for $2{\sim}3$ days were most pertinent for use as functional food materials.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.567-577
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• 2019

Due to the depletion of fossil fuels and environmental pollution, demand for alternative energy is gradually increasing. Among the various methods, a method to convert biomass into alternative fuel has been proposed. The bio-fuel obtained from biomass through pyrolysis process is called pyrolysis oil (PO) or bio-oil. Because PO is difficult to use directly in conventional engines due to its poor fuel properties, various methods have been proposed to upgrade pyrolysis-oil. The simplest approach is to mix it with conventional fossil fuels. However, due to their different polarity of PO and fossil fuel, direct mixing is impossible. To resolve this problem, emulsification of two fuels with a proper surfactant was proposed, but it costs additional time and cost. Alternatively, the use of alcohol fuels as an organic solvent significantly improve the fuel properties such as fuel stability, calorific value and viscosity. In this study, blends of diesel, n-butanol, and coffee ground pyrolysis oil (CGPO) which is one of the promising PO, was applied to diesel generator. Combustion and emissions characteristics of blended fuels were investigated under the entire load range. Experimental results show that ignition delay is similar to that of diesel at high load. Although, hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions are comparable to diesel, significant reduction of nitrogen oxides and particulate matter emissions were observed.

• 생약학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.204-209
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• 2010

Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease associated with an imbalance of bone remodeling. Osteoporosis is characterized by decreased bone mass and increased bone fractures. In this study, we investigated the effects of horse bone extracts (HBEs) in vivo. Horse bone was extracted with 80% alcohol (HBE-A) at $100^{\circ}C$ or water (HBE-W) at $120^{\circ}C$. Animal model of postmenopausal osteoporosis was used, in which osteoporosis was induced by ovariectomy of female S.D. rats (female rats were divided into 5 groups), and HBEs were administered to ovariectomized rats every day for 8 weeks. After 8 weeks, the rats were sacrificed and the following osteoporotic factors were measured: body weight, bone mineral density (BMD), uterine/body weight ratio, serum estradiol (E2), and serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The results showed that the administration of HBE-W decreased the changes of body weight in ovariectomized rats. HBE-W increased the uterine/body weight ratio and BMD. In addition, HBEs decreased the ALP. Therefore, HBEs may be used for the prevention or treatment of bone disease.