• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.23 no.3 s.59
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• pp.228-237
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• 2005

To compare the occurrence of Coleoptera by different sampling methods such as light trap, pitfall trap and sweeping, we collected samples every month from April to September,2004 in the Mt. Yeonyeop, Gangwon-do, Korea. According to the sampling methods, the species composition, abundance and dry weight were completely different. We collected 151 species in 35 families (690 individuals) by sweeping method, 148 species in 30 families (689 individuals) by light trap, and 112 species in 18 families (1,674 individuals) by pitfall trap, respectively. The dry weight in collected sample was about 181.46 g in pitfall trap,39.85 g in light trap, and 10.89 g in sweeping method, respectively. Relatively high flight and small-sized beetles such as Coccinellidae, Nitidulidae, Scarabaeidae were collected in light trap. The species diversity was high in July. Unlike the samples collected in light trap, the pitfall trap samples were big-sized saprophagous or carnivorous beetles such as Carabidae, Silphidae, Staphylinidae. The pitfall trap showed relatively the higher number of individual and lower species diversity compared to other methods. The major samples collected by sweeping method were small-sized carnivorous or herbivorous beetles such as Chrysomelidae, Curculionidae, Coccinellidae. The peak of species diversity occurred in May. The similarity was calculated with the Jaccard's index over the light trap-pitfall trap was 0.07, light trap-sweeping was 0.10, and pitfall trap-sweeping was 0.01. Consequently, similarity of sampling methods was relatively low. In conclusion, efficiency of the each sampling methods significantly differed in the species composition of Coleoptera. This study emphasize the necessity of using three sampling methods in the area of diversity research.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.99-112
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• 2015

This study aimed at investigating elementary teachers' stages of concerns and its changes about STEAM education. The participants of this study were 90 elementary school teachers implementing STEAM education in their schools. The Stages of Concern Questionnaire (SoCQ) was administered after the permission was granted by Hall. Data were collected three times from April, June, and December in the year of implementing the exemplary STEAM school. The results indicated that elementary school teachers' concerns toward STEAM education, the differences of the percentile scores of each stages of concerns, showed slightly low. The SoC of teachers in April showed that Awareness(Stage 0) was relatively very high and Consequences(Stage 4) was very low. However, in December, both Awareness(Stage 0) and Management(Stage 3) were very low. In particular, the percentile scores of Consequence(Stage 4) showed the big difference from 54.7 to 74.3. In addition, teachers who took science track in their high schools showed the relatively low score in the stage of Management(Stage 3). Teachers having the degree of Master of Arts presented the relatively low percentile score in the stage of Management(Stage 3). Teachers who majored in STEM related areas at the university presented the relatively low score in the stage of Management(Stage 3). The findings of this exploratory study may provide the useful insights into the integrative approaches of STEAM education.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.39 no.2 s.116
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• pp.236-244
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• 2006

Water quality fluctuation of Gyeongan water area in Paldang reservoir, which measured from the downstream sampling point of Gyeongan stream (G1) to dam sampling point (P), was examined in the light of seasonal rainfall and regional difference in the year of 2002. Annual COD, T-P and T-N concentration dropped conspicuously at the point P (in front of dam) although concentration of Gl point was high. Concentration variation of COD, T-P and T-N from Gl to P point in Gyeongan area was small in August and September. And at G l point showed relatively low concentration. Chlorophyll-a concentration varies less during the autumn season (October to December) than spring season (March to June). Water temperature of Bughangang (north Han-river) area was relatively lower in August and higher in November compared with that of other areas. COD and SS concentration showed big regional difference except in November when the concentrations of which were relatively low. The high Chlorophyll-a concentration of April fell conspicuously in rainy season. Gyeongan area, where the water depth is relatively shallow, indicated steep temperature gradient in April compared with that in August or November. High 55 concentration in April at P point characterized surface layer while the opposite was recorded in August. Mixing of upper and lower layers had taken place causing dilution of COD, T-N and T-P concentration in August. This condition was maintained throughout November. Therefore, spring-summer seasons needed more attention for water management countermeasure than summer-autumn seasons.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.1-19
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• 2003

The study has examined the relationship between the middle school students´ after school activities and leisure satisfaction to provide the opportunity of making good use of leisure time and of developing students´ latent talent and aptitude. The research finding are as follows : 1. Based on socio-demographic variables. the female students had more rates of participation in talent and aptitude educational activity than male students. The number of the students from rural areas was much bigger than that of cities such as Gwangju or other big cities in Chonnam. But the students whose parents made a lot of money showed less interest in participating talent and aptitude educational activities. 2. Based on the research of socio-demographic variables, students from counties or smaller areas showed more satisfaction than Gwangju in leisure satisfaction among the six subordinate categories. 7th graders were more satisfied in educational and environmental leisure activities than 8th or 9th graders. Moreover. as the family income is higher and as the father´s educational level is higher. satisfaction rate from leisure activities came out to be higher 3. In regard to satisfaction they get from their leisure activities, it was comparatively high when they had the activities voluntarily as their hobbies or for fun. Some students regarded it as their chances for the next step and they were really satisfied, too. And also the period of time was one of the factors that affected students´ satisfaction. They were satisfied enough when they had the activities less than four month in a year The students who had strong concentration and great enthusiasm showed high leisure satisfaction in all areas except for the environmental one.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.15 no.6_1
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• pp.33-42
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• 2015

According to the tentative agreement between Iran and Western countries on last July, the Iranian nuclear problem that has been discussed is resolving gradually. It has been discussed for long time. The reason we must observe the agreement process for the Iranian nuclear is that the Korean peninsular is also threatened by the North Korea's nuclear. When it comes to comparing the nuclear issue in two countries, there are very big differences such as political system, structure and the process of nuclear agreement between them. For this reason, some experts say that it is hard to find the implication for solving the North Korea's nuclear problem. However, the others say that we can find the positive factors that have an effect on the North Korea's nuclear problem. This research focuses on analyzing the Iranian nuclear agreement process and successful factors as well as trying to find out the implication to solve the North Korea's nuclear problem. In spite of large point of difference between I ran and the North Korea, the reason we have to find out the positive measure to solve the North Korea's nuclear problem is that this issue is directly related to the Korean peninsular's security.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.25-34
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• 2005

The governing design point of shallow foundation is not its bearing capacity but its settlemen and N-value by the SPT is one of the key parameters for settlement estimation. However, if the N-value is more than 50/30, such as 50/10 or 50/20, the N-vlaues are not blow count of 30cm depth penetration. In these cases, the estimated settlements have big difference with the measured values because the applied maximum N value for the settlement estimation is 50. Therefore, in this study, the modified method for N-value estimation is suggested. The settlements by four methods, which are based on Elastic Theory with application of modified N-value, are compared with the Origina Plate Load Test data. The same comparision was carried out with another seven Empirical Methods. The result of this study showed that the error range of settlement is decreased from 260.4~2136.5% to 20.3~272.7%. Among four methods which are based on Elastic Theory, the original method by Elastic Theory is the most accurate with the application of modified N-value. Among Empirical Methods, Terzaghi-Peck's(1948, 1967) modified method 1 is the most accurate with the application of modified N-value. The differences between the original method by Elastic Theory and Terzaghi-Peck's(1948, 1967) modified method 1 are neglectable.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.29
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• pp.43-71
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• 2005

The study attempts to introduce 'Gotcha Journalism' to the Korea journalism, research and analyze it. Gotcha journalism is the journalistic reporting attitude that the journalists repeatedly and intensively reports public figures, especially politicians' mistakes or happening. 'Gotcha' is abbreviation of "I got you", frequently used in the English and American culture. In order to get the goal of this study, several journalists who are currently working for Chosun, Joongang, Dong-a, Hangyore, Kyunghyang and Seoul, national covering daily newspapers. In addition, the reporters who work for KBS, MBC, and SBS were Interviewed. All journalists who have been worked more than 5 years at the politic department were selected as interviewees. Thus, Intensive interviews are prime source of this study. Based the result of the research, gotcha journalism is externally derived from obsessive interest of Korean people to politics. Internally, it is easy to report happening or mistakes rather than big argument or ideological agenda of the politicians as news for journalists and to catch readers. In addition, the competition with advertising income accelerates this situation. And gotcha journalistic reporting behavior or attitude highly relates to political propensity of the newspapers or broadcastings. Especially some of the newspapers take gotcha journalism as a political struggling tool. It is appeared that another major cause for gotcha journalistic reporting behavior is customer-driven news production.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2020

The study aims to identify economic interdependencies between regions and define functional economic areas of Korea by analyzing inter-firm transaction networks. Previous research has relied on pre-given administrative boundaries or cultural homogeneity and used data such as commuting, population movement, and cargo flows which could not fully explain economic activities. To overcome the limitations, this study applies a community detection method to inter-firm transaction networks derived from the CRETOP+ database of Korean corporate data. The novel dataset and the network analysis enables us to identify Korea's functional economic areas based on actual inter-firm linkages. The result shows that there are six to seven economic blocs in the networks as of 2018. In particular, one huge economic bloc is formed integrating the Seoul metropolitan area, Chungcheong, and Gangwon provinces. Meanwhile, North Jeolla and South Jeolla provinces form two economic blocs separately rather than being tied up in one bloc due to the low frequency of transactions between each other. The two big economic blocs of Daegu-Gyeongbuk and Busan-Gyeongnam exist, and interestingly, Ulsan, Gyeongju, and Pohang form a separate middle-sized bloc across the administrative boundaries. The results reveal that the future balanced national development policies should be implemented based on functional economic areas derived from empirical data.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.779-793
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• 1998

In this study, for the purpose of water supply planning, we propose a sophisticated multi-period mixed integer programming model that can coordinate the behavior of multi-reservoir operation, minimizing unnecessary spill. It can simulate the system with operating rules which are self- generated by the optimization engine in the algorithm. It is an optimization model in structure, but it indeed simulates the coordinating behavior of multi-reservoir operation. It minimizes the water shortfalls in demand requirements, maintaining flood reserve volume, minimizing unnecessary spill, maximizing hydropower generation release, keeping water storage levels high for efficient hydroelectric turbine operation. This optimization model is a large scale mixed integer programming problem that consists of 3.920 integer variables and 68.658 by 132.384 node-arc incidence matrix for 28 years of data. In order to handle the enormous amount of data generated by a big mathematical model, the utilization of DBMS (data base management system)seems to be inevitable. It has been tested with the Han River multi-reservoir system in Korea, which consists of 2 large multipurpose dams and 3 hydroelectric dams. We demonstrated successfully that there is a good chance of saving substantial amount of water should it be put to use in real time with a good inflow forecasting system.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.410-417
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• 2013

This research surveyed 324 college students majored dental hygiene in Gwangju and Chonnam province to analyze their awareness and degree of practice about infection control. Through the study for recognition about infectious disease related with the grade, the sophomore students are the group who is the most aware. In addition, the study shows students who experienced teeth cleaning have high degree of awareness (p<0.05). The research of perception about infectious disease based on experiences for vaccinations and education about infection prevention says hepatitis B has the highest rate when it comes to level of occurrence risk and tuberculosis and acquired immune deficiency syndrome are the lowest (p<0.05). According to the research, the group who had vaccination, knowledge about infection prevention and experience for scaling shows high practice rate for hand washing according to whether students receive protective inoculation or not. Depending on what the result were, since student learned about infection control has high degree of recognition and practice about infection management if we could emphasize the importance to students through regulative education about infection control and then increase the degree of practice, it would make big contributions to the effective infection control.