• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.28-31
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• 2005

To verify the feasibility of bifilar winding type superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) using BSCCO tape, two types of magnets were fabricated and tested by short-circuit in this research. Even if the FCL using high Tc superconducting (HTS) tape has zero resistance in normal state, it needs to be wound as a bifilar winding for zero inductance. Solenoid type and pancake type bifilar winding magnets are designed and fabricated with the same length of BSCCO tape. The test system consists of AC power supply, transformer, fault switch, load and bifilar winding magnet. The applied AC voltages during fault duration, 0.1s, were from 0.5V to 20V. The test results without bifilar winding magnet were compared with those with each type magnets. The test results include voltage against magnet, transport current and generated resistance curve. Thermal stability, the recovery time, was studied from the results of two type magnets. The pancake type was the most effective to limit fault current but the solenoid type was thermally the most stable. From this research, short-circuit characteristics of the two types were obtained.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1995.07a
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• pp.134-136
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• 1995

A superconducting parallel bifilar winding shows the phenomenon which is known as 'fast quench'. We analyzed the temperature characteristics on the winding by computer simulation, and confirmed theses by experiment. The temperature of the quenched point rose gradually as the source voltage was increased. The temperature changed radically as first, but had a gentle slope after a few milliseconds. As the source voltage was large, the initial quenched length also increased. The points in this quenched length showed almost the same temperature. but the points where initial quench had not occurred showed radical temperature gradient. We could observe that the temperature of the whole wire increased simultaneously as the fast quench occurred on the superconducting parallel bifilar winding, because a number of quenched points in that wire appeared at the same time.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.20-23
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• 2005

The Resistive Type High Temperature Superconducting Fault Current Limiter (SFCL) has been developed in many countries. Until now, materials of the resistive SFCL were Bi2212 bulk and YBCO thin film. Although YBCO coated conductor (CC) has many advantages such as high n-value and critical current for applying resistive SFCL, the resistive SFCL using CC doesn't have developed yet. The bifilar winding type SFCL was manufactured and tested rated on 30V/80A. In normal state, the SFCL using pancake type bifilar winding had very low impedance. When a fault occurred, the SFCL limited the fault current efficiently. Through these results of experiment, large-scale SFCL using CC should be developed in the future.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1995.07a
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• pp.125-127
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• 1995

A superconducting parallel bifilar winding with one strand in each branch was tested and analyzed. When the superconducting parallel bifilar winding was quenched by fault current, it showed the so-called 'fast quench' and the results of experiment well explained the resistance curve. Also the experiments confirm that the current redistribution of magnetically coupled strands develops new normal zones after the initial quench, and that the size of normal zones at an early stage increases almost linearly as dI/dt increases. By these results, we could explain the resistance rise of superconducting parallel bifilar winding when it is quenched by the current above the critical value.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.31-34
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• 2005

There are many kinds of high temperature superconducting (HTS) application using Bi-2223 tape which is the most commercialized HTS material. Also, resistive superconducting fault current limiters (SFCLs) have been developed using many kinds of superconducting material such as YBCO thin film, Bi-2212 bulk and so on. However, SFCL using Bi-2223 tape has never been developed. This paper deals with the feasibility study on SFCL using Bi-2223 wire. The over-current behaviors of Bi-2223 short-length sample were measured. To make the resistive SFCL, two small-scale bifilar winding modules using 7m Bi-2223 wire were fabricated; i.e. solenoid type bifilar coil and pancake type one. The short-circuit tests of the coils were successfully performed up to 16 V$_{rms}$ From these tests, the current limiting capabilities of Bi-2223 bifilar coils were confirmed and current limiting performances between two winding types were compared. In addition, the feasibility of resistive SFCL using another HTS wire, i.e. YBCO coated conductor, was also investigated.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.21-25
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• 2007

Superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) is attractive apparatus to reduce fault current in power grid. Since it is applied to the alternating current (AC) power line, the SFCL has losses in the normal operation. Recently, coated conductor (CC) is noticeable material employed for resistive bifilar winding type SFCL in many research groups. Bifilar structure is expected to have low AC loss by magnetic field offset as compared with the single tape structure in the same length. This paper reports about characteristic of bifilar pancake type coil for SFCL application in AC loss aspect. The bifilar coil is wound using CC with facing on HTS sides each other. Transport AC loss measurement and characteristic analysis of the bifilar coil using CC have been performed at 77K. The test results are compared with the Norris equations and the test results of non-inductively wound paralleled solenoid type coil which is suggested and tested in this group at present.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.43 no.7
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• pp.1050-1060
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• 1994

This paper is a study on the computer simulation of the characteristics of the superconducting fault current limiter. Input variable parameters are apparent power, load resistance value, line resistance value and so on. Initial fault current 2 times larger than the trigger current is required to reduce the switching time of SFCL. The propagation velocity increases abruptly, the transport current is several times larger than the ciritical current. In this paper, the switching time is calculated to be 323$\mu$ sec, and the initial fault current is 19 times larger than the critical current. Because the trigger coils are bifilar winding, they have little impedance in superconducting state. After fault occurred, the limiting coil acts as a superconducting reactor and the trigger coils quench at a critical current. Without the SFCL in the circuit, fault current after the load impedence is shorted might be increased to 1100A. The fault current is, therefore, successfully limited by the superconducting limiting coil to 100A determined by the coil inductance.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07b
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• pp.723-724
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• 2006

In this study, superconducting coil arrangements and cryostat concept design were conducted for the development of 13.2kV/630A bifilar winding type high temperature superconducting(HTS) fault current limiter(FCL) with YBCO coated conductor(CC) wire. The coil consists of several layers with unique non-inductive solenoid winding method. Six types of HTS coil arrangements were investigated for the optimal insulation design of HTS FCL. And, conceptual design of cryostat was conducted for the decrement of thermal invasion and the prevention of low voltage insulation breakdown in the LHe which is used as pressurization gas in sub-cooling condition of liquid nitrogen(LN2). As the results, it was found that the modified suspended type cryostat with horizontal coil arrangement is beneficial to the insulation design of 13.2kV level bifilar winding type HTS FCL.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.26-34
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• 1998

In this paper, we confirm that the instanteneous phase current of the bifilar-wound hybrid stepping motor is dependent of lead angle by the experimental results. The variation of phase current with lead angle gives informations about the rotor position at the moment when phase winding coil is excited. We show that the rotor position of the bifilar-wound hybrid stepping motor for the closed-loop drives can be detected by using the instantaneous phase current measurement. We propose an instantaneous phase current equation as the function of electrical lead angle by the modeling of the bifilar-wound hybrid stepping motor. We also analyze the relationship between instantaneous phase current and rotor position by the computer simulation results. By the experimental results, we also confirm that the information about the rotor position can be obtained from the instantaneous phase current values at the instance of $\pi/2$ electrical angle of excitation pulse. pulse.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.888-894
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• 1986

In this paper, a phase locked loop control system is designed to have high performance and stability in a 2-phase bifilar winding PM step motor. The BODE diagram analysis method is used to improve the stability and dynamic characteristic of the closed loop control system. Also, a PLL servo is used to accomplish high-precision speed and to attain smooth ness. In applying the PLL control to the step motor, a new design method is suggested to solve the control problem which occurs as a result of the limited maximum acceleration of the step motor. A simple design method is suggested without using the complicated multi-step characteirstic of the step motor in constant voltage driving. Computer simulation results agree clorelg with experiments, indicating that the PLL servo system of the step motor designed is very useful.