• 제목/요약/키워드: Betula platyphylla var japonica

검색결과 76건 처리시간 0.023초

大氣汚染地域 適應 樹種 選拔에 關한 硏究 (A Study on the Selection of Adaptable Tree in Air Pollution Area)

  • 朴晥澈
    • 한국대기환경학회지
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    • 제7권1호
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    • pp.55-65
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    • 1991
  • The study was performed to select a adaptable tree species under stressed field conditions where there are a industrial plants operating with a number of smoke stacks emitting pollutants, such as hydrogen fluoride and sulfur dioxide. As a result of the study, a tree species selected are due to construct a forest belt in a zones near industrial plants to reduce the concentrations of air pollutants. The concentrations of atmospheric hydrogen fluoride and sulfur dioxide were very higher at experimental sites near industrial plants (air-pollution sites) than at control site. The leaves of 7 tree species grown at air pollution sites contained more sulfur and, specially, fluorine than at those control site. Among the tested tree species, Ligustrum japonicum Thunb. and Euonymus japonica Thunb. grown at air pollution sites did not at all break out a foliar injury but appeared to be healthy, as well as those grown at control site. Acer pseudo-sieboldianum Kom., Pinus virginiana Mill., Larix leptolepis Gordon., Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc., Pinus strobus L., Picea abies Karst and Ligustrum obtusifolium Sieb. et Zucc., however, showed a severe fluoride-type foliar injury such as necrosis on tip or margin of leaves, etc. Fluorine found in leaves was proved to be correlated to sulfur found in leaves whereas index of foliar injury hadn't a good correlation to pollutants found in leaves. It appears that Euonymus japonica Thunb., Ligustrum japonica Thunb., Platanus acerifolia Willd, Chamaecyparis pisifera Endl., Populus tomentiglandulosa T. Lee and Sophora japonica L. grown at both experimental sites had a high value of percent survival whereas Pinus virginiana Mill., Pinus koraiensis Sib. et Zucc., Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm. and Alnus hirsuta Rupr. had an extremely low value of that. In comparison with control site, the percent tree height increments in Chamaecyparis pisifera Endl., Ligustrum japonicum Thunb., Quercus acutissima Carruth., Populus tomentiglandulosa T. Lee, Pinus thunbergii Parl and Euonymus japonica Thunb. and the percent upmost root diameters in Populus tomentiglandulosa T. Lee, Chamaecyparis pisifera Endl., Euonymus japonica Thunb., Ligustrum japonicum Thunb., Betula platyphylla var. japonica Hara and Pinus thunbergii Parl. cultivated at air polluted sites showed very high value above 90%, respectively. A significant negative correlation (r=-0.662) was recognized between the index of foliage injury and the percent collective character, which was the mean of tree characters such as percent survival, percent tree height increment and percent upmost root diameter increment which compared to those at air polluted site with those at control site. Based on the percent collective character Ligustrum japonicum Thunb., Euonymus japonica Thunb., Chamaecyparis pisifera Endl., Populus tomentiglandlosa T. Lee, Betula platyphyla var. japonica Hara and Platanus occidentalis L. have large value about 90%, respectively. Therefore, the results indicate that this tree species are adaptable species in air polluted regions. For better understanding of the adaptable tree species, furthur studies concerning the effects of various air pollutants on the tree growth are required.

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자연공원의 용도지구계획을 위한 기초적 연구 (Fundamental Studies for District Planning in Natural Park)

  • 배병호
    • 한국조경학회지
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    • 제19권3호
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    • pp.27-40
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    • 1991
  • For the establishment of district planning in natural parks, vegetationin the most significant point. Consequently, district plan should be made basically under phytosociological investigations. The purpose of this paper is to conserve vegetation in the district planning at natural park(Nam Han San Sung provincial natural park). The result of vegetation survey are as follows : As an actual vegetation 13 communities are recognized. Those are Quercus mongolica-Carpinus laxiflora community, Quercus mongolica-Rhododendron schlippenbachii community, Quercus serrate community, Betula platyphylla var. Japonica community, Quercus dentata community, Quercus mongolica-Pnuus densiflora community, Quercus acutissima community, Robinia pseudo-acacia community, Alnus hirsuta community, Castanea crenata community, Quercus variabilis community, Pinus densiflora community, Pinus rigida community, weed community on cultivated land(Form land), Larix leptolepis reforested land, cut over area and non-vegetation area. The grade of vegetation naturalness was divided into five degrees by characteristics of actual vegetation. I intended to make zoning plan for protection of vegetation with a special attention to the grade of vegetation naturalness and I discussed the necessity of the improvement of existing district plan. District plan was proposed as Fig. 5.

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Improving the Dimensional Stability of Spruce and Birch Boards by Heat-Treatment at 190 and $210^{\circ}C$

  • Kang, Ho-Yang
    • 한국가구학회지
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    • 제20권6호
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    • pp.560-565
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    • 2009
  • It is known that heat treatment decreases the hygroscopicity of wood. Thus heat-treated wood is good for outdoor construction due to its improved dimensional stability. This study is to investigate the hygroscopicity and discoloration of spruce and birch boards heat-treated above $190^{\circ}C$. The equilibrium moisture contents (EMCs) at all relative humidities decreased with the increase of heat treatment temperature and/or time for both spruce and birch. It was revealed that heat-treatment temperature affected more on the hygroscopicity thaan heat-treatment time. The average basic densities decreased for the spruce specimens, but increased for the birch specimens with an increase of the treatment time and/or temperature. The same heat treatment condition (190-8) made the birch specimens darker than the spruce specimens.

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오대산 삼림식생의 패턴과 천이계열 (Vegetation Pattern and Successional Sere in the Forest of Mt. Odae)

  • 변두원;이호준;김창호
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • 제21권3호
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    • pp.283-290
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    • 1998
  • The vegetation pattern of Mt. Odae based on the soil humidity gradient showed 3 types: (1) the forest of Pinus densiflora under the mesic or xeric conditions of the low altitudinal area, (2) the forest of Acer including A. mono, A. pseudo-sieboldianum and Tilia amurensis under the submesic or subxeric conditions and (3) the forest of Quercus including Q. mongolica of the higher elevational area and Q. variabilis of the lower elevational area under the xeric condition. Water content, organic matter and total nitrogen of soil were relatively low in Pinus densiflora and Quercus variabilis communities while they were relatively high in Betula platyphylla var. japonica and Quercus mongolica communities. According to the result of cluster analysis based on similarity indices of the communities, the proposed successional sere in the forest vegetation of Mt. Odae was as follows. P. densiflora community $\longrightarrow$ P. densiflore + Q. mongolica community $\longrightarrow$ Q. mongolica + A. pseudo-sieboldianum community. P. densiflora community $\longrightarrow$ P. densiflora + Q. variabilis community $\longrightarrow$ Q. variabilis community $\longrightarrow$ Q. mongolica + Q. variabilis community $\longrightarrow$ Q. mongolica + A. pseudo-sieboldianum community.

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화피의 충치균과 치주질환균에 대한 항균활성 및 항염효과 (Antibacterial Activity against S. mutans or P. gingivalis and Anti-inflammatory Effect of Betulae Cortex)

  • 임종필
    • 동의생리병리학회지
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    • 제25권4호
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    • pp.635-640
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    • 2011
  • Betulae Cortex of Betula platyphylla Suk. var. japonica Hara (Betulaceae) has long been used for treatment of various inflammation, fever and cough in Eastern Asia. In order to investigate antibacterial activity of the Betulae Cortex against Streptococcus mutans or Porphyromonas gingivalis, MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration) and pH were checked, and for anti-inflammation activity, the experiments about trypsin-induced paw edema, vascular permeability and myeloperoxidase activity in rat's hind-paw tissue, were carried out with various extracts of Betulae Cortex (BCXs) respectively. The BCXs showed significant antibacterial activity, and at the dose of over 50 mg/kg, BCX showed significant inhibition on the paw edema, vascular permeability and myeloperoxidase activity. These results indicate that BCXs have antibacterial activity against oral cariogenic bacteria and anti-inflammatory effect.

Cytotoxic Activity of Medicinal Plant Extracts against Human Tumor Cell Lines

  • Jeong, In-Hong;Lee, Jeong-Ock;Kim, Choul-Soo;Kim, Soo-Un;Ahn, Young-Joon
    • Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • 제43권1호
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    • pp.59-61
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    • 2000
  • The cytotoxic activities of the methanol extracts of 44 plant species in 31 families against five human solid A549 (lung), SK-OV-2 (ovarian), SK-MEL-2 (melanoma), XF-498 (central nervous system), and HCT-15 (colon) tumor cell lines were examined using the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. Responses varied with both cell line and plant species used. Potent cytotoxic activities ($ED_{50}$, <$40{\mu}g/ml$) against all model tumor cell lines were produced from the extracts of Rhus chinensis gall (Galla rhois), Betula platyphylla var. japonica bark, Inula helenium root, Cinnamomum cassia bark, Cinnamomum sieboldii root bark, Lysimachia davurica whole plant, and Evodia rutaecarpa fruit. These plants may be useful for developing new types of naturally occurring anti-tumor agents.

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시비수준에 따른 소나무, 낙엽송, 자작나무, 상수리나무 묘목의 생장변화 (Growth Response of Pinus densiflora, Larix leptolepis, Betula platyphylla var. japonica and Quercus acutissima Seedlings at Various Levels of Fertilization)

  • 변재경;김용석;이명종;손요환;김춘식;정진현;이천용;정용호
    • 한국산림과학회지
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    • 제96권6호
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    • pp.693-698
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    • 2007
  • 우리나라에서 생산되고 있는 산림 수목용 비료 성분비율은 질소:인산;칼륨이 12:16:4의 1가지만 생산되고 있어, 수종별 생장특성을 고려하고 다양한 토양환경조건에 적합한 비료 성분비율의 개발이 요구되고 있다. 본 연구는 우리나라 주요 조림수종에 대한 비료의 적정 비료배합 비율을 구명하기 위하여 소나무, 낙엽송, 자작나무, 상수리나무 묘목을 대상으로 30 l의 pot에 1본씩 식재하고 여러 가지의 시비수준에 대한 생장반응을 조사하였다. 시비수준은 질소:인산:칼륨의 배합비율이 각각 2:2:1, 3:4:1, 3:8:1, 6:4:1, 3:4:2 및 무시비구(대조구)를 포함하고 있으며, 시비처리는 3년간 pot당 매년 30 g의 양을 기준으로 비료 배합비율에 따라 조제하여 시비하였다. 3년의 조사기간 동안 소나무와 낙엽송의 수고 및 근원경 생장은 3:8:1처리구에서 가장 높았으며, 3:4:1이나 2:2:1처리를 제외하고 시비처리수준 간에 생장 차이는 크지 않았다. 자작나무와 상수리나무 같은 낙엽활엽수종의 경우 수고 생장은 3:8:1 처리구, 근원경 생장은 6:4:1처리구가 타 시비처리에 비해 높은 생장 특성을 보였다. 조사된 4수종 모두 수고 및 근원경 생장은 3:8:1처리구 및 6:4:1처리구가 유의적인 높은 생장특성을 보이고 있으며, 3:4:1이나 2:2:1처리구의 경우 타 시비수준에 비해 낮은 생장특성이 있는 것으로 나타났다.

NPK 시비가 자작나무, 물푸레나무, 잣나무, 그리고 고로쇠나무 묘목의 생장 및 토양의 화학적 특성에 미치는 영향 (Effects of NPK Fertilization on Growth of Betula platyphylla var. japonica, Fraxinus rhynchophylla, Pinus koraiensis, and Acer mono Seedlings, and Chemical Properties of Soil)

  • 권기원;박관수;이돈구
    • 농업과학연구
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    • 제25권2호
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    • pp.160-167
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    • 1998
  • 본 연구는 NPK 시비가 묘목의 생장 및 토양의 화학적 특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 실시되었다. 강원도 가리왕산에 조성된 묘포지에 자작나무와 물푸레나무 그리고 충남대학교 묘포장에 설치된 plastic pot에 잣나무와 고로쇠나무 묘목을 식재하고 NPK 복합비료를 시비한 후 묘목의 생장 및 토양특성을 분석하였다. 실험디자인은 가리왕산의 경우 무처리구와 7개의 시비처리구(4, 12, 28, 60, 124, 252, $508g/m^2$) 로 나눠지며, plastic pot의 경우도 무처리구와 7개의 시비처리구(0.5, 1.5, 3.5, 7.5, 15.5, 33.5, 63.5g)로 나눠진다. 묘목의 묘고와 근원경의 상대생장율 분석을 위해 1998년 4월과 5월에 묘목을 식재한 후 묘고와 근원경을 측정 하였으며 시비처리 후 동년 10월에 묘목의 묘고와 근원경을 재측정하였다 토양시료는 1998년 10월에 채취되었다. 가리왕산의 자작나무와 물푸레나무 그리고 plastic pot의 고로쇠나무 묘목의 묘고와 근원경의 상대생장율은 무처리구 보다 시비처리구에서 높게 나타났다. 잣나무의 경우 무처리구와 시비처리구 사이의 묘고와 근원경의 상대생장율은 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났며, 시비처리 수준에 따른 묘고와 근원경의 상대생장율도 일정한 경향을 보이지 않았다 토양내 인산과 칼리함량은 무처리구보다 시비처리구에서 많게 나타났으며, 치환성 칼슘, 마그네슘 함량 그리고 염기포화도는 시비처리구에서 적게 나타났고, 토양 pH도 무처리구 보다 시비처리구에서 낮게 나타났다. 시비 후 토양내 전칠소 함량은 가리왕산의 경우 두 집단간 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났으나, plastic pot에서는 시비처리구에서 많게 나타났다. 본 연구에서 시비는 활엽수종의 생장을 증가시키고 토양의 화학적 특성을 변화 시킨 것으로 나타났다.

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Fertilization Effects on Understory Vegetation Biomass and Structure in Four Different Plantations

  • Son, Yowhan;Lee, Mi-Hyang;Noh, Nam Jin;Kang, Byeung Hoa;Kim, Kun Ok;Yi, Myong Jong;Byun, Jae Kyung;Yi, Koong
    • 한국산림과학회지
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    • 제96권5호
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    • pp.520-527
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    • 2007
  • Biomass and species diversity of understory vegetation after fertilization were studied for 28-year-old Quercus acutissima plantation (MQA), 29-year-old Pinus densiflora plantation (MPD), 8-year-old Betula platyphylla var. japonica plantation after coal reclamation (YBP), and 4-year-old Pinus densiflora plantation after forest fire (YPD) in central Korea. Nitrogen + phosphorus + potassium (6:4:1) fertilizer was applied for 3 years from 2004. Thereafter photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and understory species richness and diversity were measured in late July-early August 2006. PAR (${\mu}mol\;m^{-2}S^{-1}$) was higher at the fertilization treatment (100.9) than at the control (67.0) for MQA while was lower at the fertilization treatment (156.5) than at the control (268.7) for MPD. Total understory biomass (t $ha^{-1}$) was lower at the fertilization plot (1.8) than at the control plot (3.0) for YPD, however, there were no differences in biomass between fertilization and control plots for MQA, MPD and YBP. Total species number of understory vegetation was higher for fertilization than for control at MPD (47 vs. 45) and YPD (21 vs. 13), and was higher for mature plantations (33 vs. 37 for MQA and 47 vs. 45 for MPD) than for young plantations (16 vs. 16 for YBP and 21 vs. 13 for YPD). Species richness and diversity were higher at the fertilization treatment than at the control for MQA, YBP, and YPD while were lower at the fertilization treatment than at the control for MPD, however, the differences were not statistically significant. Our results indicate that there were no consistent patterns in light conditions, biomass and species richness and diversity of understory vegetation following fertilization. More detailed long-term studies with different fertilizer applications would be necessary to conclude the influence of fertilization on understory vegetation in the region.

비료의 성분 및 종류와 묘목과의 관계 연구 II. 묘목의 부위별 양분 농도에 미치는 영향 (Relationship Between Composition and Type of Fertilizer and Seedling Growth II. Nutrient Concentration of Seedling Components)

  • 황정옥;손요환;이명종;변재경;정진현;이천용
    • 임산에너지
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    • 제24권1호
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    • pp.13-27
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    • 2005
  • 새로운 산림용 복합비료를 개발하기 위하여 소나무, 낙엽송, 자작나무, 상수리나무 묘목을 대상으로 성분비가 다른 비료 및 종류가 다른 고형복합비료를 처리하고 묘목의 부위별 양분 농도를 측정하였다. 질소, 인, 칼륨의 비를 각기 달리한 시비수준별 처리실험에서 질소와 인 시비 후 묘목내 이들 양분의 농도가 증가하였다. 또한 소나무와 상수리나무에서 칼륨 시비량 증가에 따라 묘목 내 양분 농도가 증가하는 효과를 보였으나, 나머지 두 수종에서는 처리별 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 산림용 고형복합비료와 UF 고형복합비료를 처리한 비료 종류별 처리실험에서는 시비량이 증가할수록 묘목 내 질소와 인의 농도가 증가하는 현상이 나타났다. 소나무에서의 칼륨 농도와 낙엽송에서의 나트륨과 칼슘 농도도 유사한 현상을 보였으며, 나머지 수종에서는 처리별 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 비료의 종류를 달리하여 처리한 결과 묘목 내 양분 농도 변화 효과는 없는 것으로 나타났다.

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