• 한국감성과학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국감성과학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.314-319
• /
• 2002

To inspect how the different sensitivities in BAS (or BIS) moderate on the HRV pattern stimulated by positive or negative affective sound, we measured the electrocardiogram (ECG) of 25 students, consisted of 4 groups depending on the BAS (or BIS) sensitivity, while listening music or being exposed to noise. The power spectral density of HRV was derived from the ECG, and the power of HRV was calculated for 3 major frequency ranges (low frequency [LF], medium frequency [MF], and high frequency [HF]). We found that the index MF/(LF+HF), while listening music, was 20 % higher in the individuals with a low BIS but high BAS than in the individuals with a low sensitivity In both BIS and BAS. Moreover, in the former group this index was 30 % higher while listening music than while being exposed to noise. From these results we suggest that individuals with a low BIS but high BAS be more sensitive to positive affective stimuli than other groups, and the index MF/(LF+HF) be applicable to evaluate positive affects.

• Molecules and Cells
• /
• 제43권4호
• /
• pp.360-372
• /
• 2020

The basal ganglia network has been implicated in the control of adaptive behavior, possibly by integrating motor learning and motivational processes. Both positive and negative reinforcement appear to shape our behavioral adaptation by modulating the function of the basal ganglia. Here, we examined a transgenic mouse line (G2CT) in which synaptic transmissions onto the medium spiny neurons (MSNs) of the basal ganglia are depressed. We found that the level of collaterals from direct pathway MSNs in the external segment of the globus pallidus (GPe) ('bridging collaterals') was decreased in these mice, and this was accompanied by behavioral inhibition under stress. Furthermore, additional manipulations that could further decrease or restore the level of the bridging collaterals resulted in an increase in behavioral inhibition or active behavior in the G2CT mice, respectively. Collectively, our data indicate that the striatum of the basal ganglia network integrates negative emotions and controls appropriate coping responses in which the bridging collateral connections in the GPe play a critical regulatory role.

• 감성과학
• /
• 제6권4호
• /
• pp.41-49
• /
• 2003

본 연구에서는 긍정감성과 부정감성을 각각 유발시키는 음향을 제시할 때에 반응자의 행동활성화체계(BAS)와 행동억제체계(BIS)의 개인차가 심박동변이도(HRV)에 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 조사하기 위하여, BAS와 BIS 민감성의 고저에 따라 네 집단으로 분류된 25명의 대학생(남:14명)에게 명상음악과 소음을 제시하고 심전도를 측정하였다. 심전도로부터 HRV의 전력스펙트럼밀도를 유도하여 3개의 주된 주파수영역에 대한 HRV의 전력을 구하였다[저주파수(LF : low frequency), 중간주파수(MF : medium frequency), 고주파수(HF : high frequency)]. 그 결과, 명상음악을 제시한 경우 BIS와 BAS가 모두 낮은 집단에 비하여 BIS는 낮고 BAS가 높은 집단의 MF/(LF+HF)가 유의하게 높았다. 아울러, 전자의 집단에서 명상음악 청취시가 소음 청취시에 비하여 MF/(LF+HF)가 더 높은 경향을 보였으나, BIS가 높은 경우에는 BAS의 민감성에 관계없이 이러한 경향성을 보이지 않았다. 이 결과는 BIS는 낮고 BAS가 높은 집단은 다른 집단에 비하여 명상음악과 같은 긍정감성에 더 민감하며, MF/(LF+HF)는 긍정 및 부정감성을 평가할 수 있는 지표로 사용될 수 있음을 시사한다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• 제32권3호
• /
• pp.145-148
• /
• 2009

To understand whether experience of cold season in reproductive behaviors in the adults of Amaurobius ferox, the paired adults of a female and a male were exposed under 'cold-treated environment' and 'not cold-treated environment', respectively. I investigated effects of the cold treatment on the brood production of A. ferox. In not cold treatment in which male-female pairs were formed in October at a temperature of $20^{\circ}C$ (${\pm}2^{\circ}C$) and continuously kept under not cold-treated environment, only 3 of 50 pairs successfully reproduced (reproduction was defined as the emergence of spiderlings). In cold treatment where individuals were kept in cold conditions for 3 months prior to pair formation, 57 out of 60 couples succeeded in reproducing. Females which did not experience the low temperature displayed strong aggressiveness toward males. This behavioral inhibition might the primary barrier to copulation of A. ferox that decrease following a period of low temperature. The reproductive inhibition might help the females to allocate the maximum amount of energy in a given environment to reaching the adult stage and to delay reproduction in unfavorable wintering conditions.

• 대한한의학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.193-203
• /
• 2003

Objectives : In this study, we investigated the effect and pathway of contralateral heterotropic electroacupuncture (EA) on pain induced by fonualin in rats. Methods : Acu-points in the right forepaws, HT 7 and PC 7 were stimulated with 3~4mA, 2ms, and 10Hz after 5% formalin (50ul) s.c. injection to the left hind paw. In addition, it was investigated whether the dorsolateral funiculus (DLF), known to be related the descending inhibition, mediates analgesic effects of the contralateral heterotropic EA or whether administration of naltrexone, an opioid antagonist, blocks the effect of EA. Results : The results showed that contralateral heterotropic electroacupuncture (EA) inhibited late phase (63.311.7%) of pain induced by fonualin in the behavioral test, but sham-EA had little effect on pain behavior (85.616.8%) and no analgesic effects after transection of the dorsolateral funiculus (95.718.7%). The pretreatment of naltrexone (10mg/kg, i.p.) could not inhibit the analgesic effects of EA on formalin-induced pain behavior (70.713.1%). Also,EA suppressed formalin injection induced expression of cFos like protein (cFL) in the dorsal homo but not sham-EA. Suppressed expressions of cFL in the spinal cord were eliminated after transection of the ipsilateral dorsolateral funiculus at T10-11 leve1s. However, pretreatment of naltrexone could not prevent the suppressive expressions of cFL at the spinal cord. Conclusions : These results suggest that the analgesic effect of contralateral heterotropic electroacupuncture may be modulated through the dorsolateral funiculus constituting the descending inhibition.

• 한국과학교육학회지
• /
• 제32권4호
• /
• pp.625-640
• /
• 2012

이 연구의 목적은 초등학교 2학년 학생들의 SL-BIS/BAS(과학학습 행동억제체계/행동활성화체계)에 따른 과학학습 상황에서의 행동특성을 조사하는 것이다. 연구를 위해 초등학교 2학년 1학급에서 20명을 추출하여 연구를 시행하였다. 연구는 질적 연구 방법 중의 하나인 현상학적인 연구 방법을 따랐다. 연구를 통해 조사된 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, SL-BIS에 민감한 학생들은 과학학습 상황에서 '실험 결과에 대한 부정적 반응', '실험 활동에 소극적임', '침묵', '단순 반복 질문'과 같은 행동 특성을 보였다. 둘째, SL-BAS에 민감한 학생들은 '실험 결과에 대한 긍정적 반응', '실험에 대한 도전 정신', '학습지 작성에 열심', '구체적 질문을 많이 함', '상호 보완적 모둠 실험 선호'와 같은 행동 특성을 보였다. 이 연구를 통해 제한적이기는 하나 SL-BIS/BAS의 검사결과가 초등학교 2학년 학생들의 과학학습 상황에서의 행동특성을 예측할 수 있다는 점을 질적 연구를 통해 알 수 있었다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• 제2권6호
• /
• pp.661-670
• /
• 1998

Dopamine has been generally known to exert antinociceptive action in behavioral pain test, such as tail flick and hot plate test, but there appears to be a great variance in the reports on the antinociceptive effect of dopamine depending on the dosage and route of drug administration and type of animal preparation. In the present study, the effects of dopamine on the responses of wide dynamic range (WDR) cells to mechanical, thermal and graded electrical stimuli were investigated, and the dopamine-induced changes in WDR cell responses were compared between animals with an intact spinal cord and the spinal animals. Spinal application of dopamine (1.3 & 2.6 mM) produced a dose-dependent inhibiton of WDR cell responses to afferent inputs, the pinch-induced or the C-fiber evoked responses being more strongly depressed than the brush-induced or the A-fiber evoked responses. The dopamine-induced inhibition was more pronounced in the spinal cat than in the cat with intact spinal cord. The responses of WDR cell to thermal stimulation were also strongly inhibited. Dopamine $D_2$ receptor antagonist, sulpiride, but not $D_1$ receptor antagonist, significantly blocked the inhibitory action of dopamine on the C-fiber and thermal responses of dorsal horn cells. These findings suggest that dopamine strongly suppresses the responses of WDR cells to afferent signals mainly through spinal dopamine $D_2$ receptors and that spinal dopaminergic processes are under the tonic inhibitory action of the descending supraspinal pathways.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제33권6호
• /
• pp.455-462
• /
• 2023

임신 중 감염에 의한 산모의 면역 활성화는 조현병과 자폐 스펙트럼 장애를 포함한 신경 발달 질환의 위험을 증가시킨다. 여러 연구에서 poly (I:C) 또는 LPS를 사용하여 모체 면역 활성화 유도한 자손에서 비정상적인 행동과 뇌 발달을 관찰하였다. 또한 최근 뇌에 상주하며 면역 세포로 기능하는 미세아교세포가 MIA 유발 자손의 행동 이상과 뇌 발달에 중요한 역할을 한다는 것이 보고되고 있으나 아직 메커니즘은 명확하지 않다. 본 연구에서는 GPCR의 구성원인 GPR56의 미세아교세포 특이적 억제가 행동 이상과 뇌 발달을 유발하는지 여부를 조사하였다. 먼저, MIA 유도는 발달 중인 뇌의 미세아교세포 집단에 영향을 미치지 않으나, 미세아교세포를 분리하여 GRP56의 발현을 조사한 결과, MIA 유도 태아에서 성별에 관계 없이 E14.5와 E18.5 사이에서 GPR56 발현이 억제됨을 관찰하였다. 그리고 미세아교세포 특이적 GPR56 억제는 MIA 유도 자손에게서 나타나는 사교성 결손, 반복적인 행동 패턴 및 증가된 불안 수준과 같은 비정상적인 행동을 관찰하였다. 미세아교세포 GPR56 억제 마우스에서는 MIA 유도 자손과 같은 비정상적인 피질 발달이 관찰되지 않았지만, c-fos 염색을 통해 뇌 활동이 관찰되었다. 따라서 본 연구는 미세아교세포 특이적 GPR56 결핍이 이상 행동을 유발함을 시사하며, 추후 연구를 통해 MIA 자손의 행동 결손 진단 및/ 치료 표적을 위한 바이오마커로 활용될 수 있음을 시사한다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.525-532
• /
• 1994

The purpose of this report was to evaluate the effect of Dental Electronic Anesthesia on pain inhibition for clinical use. The subject for this study were 30 children whose Frankl behavioral rate is positive. The subjects was divided into two groups, the first group described by control group and the second group described by experimental group anesthetized with Dental Electronic Anesthetic device. And then three kind of treatments were done : extraction of deciduous teeth, application of rubber dam, cavity preparation for preventive resin restoration. 3M Dental Electronic Anesthesia System was used for this study : its electric impulse stimulate the skin surface by external electrode pads. The results were as follows. 1. Degree of the pain & the apprehension decreased in experimental group. 2. Degree of the pain & the apprehension showed statistical differences among three treatments procedures in the control group but, not showed statistical differences in the experimental group.

• 대한불안의학회지
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.3-6
• /
• 2005

Several contributing factors have been proposed for expression of excessive anxiety. Behavioral inhibition, activation of amygdala, and genetic vulnerability interchangeably affect each other. Only few studies have addressed the differences and similarities in anxiety between animal and human. The consensus is that individual vulnerability is a main factor for the expression of anxiety, although the interaction of environmental stressors and biological characteristics is involved in the presentation of anxiety. Further work is required to investigate how the interaction between stress and diathesis can affect responsiveness of stress and anxiety in animal and human. Here, the author reviews the findings regarding differences and similarities in both animal and human studies. Knowing the reciprocal relationship between the environment (stressors) and individual vulnerability or resilience, the proper understanding of anxiety and anxiety disorders would be possible.