• 아동학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.105-118
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• 2003

Construction of the Prosocial Behavior Scale for young children(PBSYC) was based on document research and interviews with kindergarten teachers and child development specialists. After 200 kindergarten teachers evaluated the 42 items of the PBSYC, factor analysis was conducted; items were categorized into seven factors: leadership, helping, communication, concern, proximity, sharing and empathy. As factors showed high correlation. The prosocial behavior of 306 4 to 5 year old children was measured with the PBSYC and compared with the Babock, Hartle & Lamme(l995) scale. The resulting correlation between the 2 scales was .764. Further tests indicate that the PBSYC is a valid and reliable scale for the measurement of prosocial behavior in young children.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.218-232
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• 2000

This study was done in order to analyze the relationship between Health condition, Health concept and Health promoting behavior in College Women. The subjects were 275 students from a college in Kyungbuk. The instruments used for this study were made of General characteristics (8 items), Health condition (3 item), Health concept (20 items) and Health promoting behaviors (40 items). The data were analyzed by SPSS/PC+ program using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, Pearson's Correlation Coefficient and Multiple Stepwise Regression. The results of this study were as follows. 1. The mean score of the Health promoting behavior was 2.3604. Among the subcategories, the highest degree of performance was interpersonal support (2.9133). 2. Health condition, Heath concept and Health promoting behavior according to general characteristics were as follows. 1)Perceived health condition had statistically significant differences according to board & lodging and living together (p=.040, p=.027). 2)Health concept had a statistically significant differences according to religion (p=.006). 3)Health promoting behavior had statistically significant differences according to age(p=.005). 4)Among the subcategory of Health promoting behavior, statistically significant differences were founded between nutrition and age / board & lodging (p=.004, p=.040), between self actualization and age(p=.006), between health responsibility and age/social economic status(p=.013, p=.000). 5. Correlations of Health condition, Health concept and Health promoting behavior were as follows. 1) BMI was positively correlated with perceived health status(r=.145, p=.015). 2)Health concept was positively correlated with BMI(r=.136, p=.032), perceived health condition(r=.148, p=.015), health promoting behavior (r=.316, p=.000). 6. Correlations of Health condition, Health concept and subcategories of Health promoting behavior were as follows. 1) Perceived health status was positively correlated nutrition (r=.168, p=.006). 2) Health concept was positively correlated with nutrition, stress management, self actualization and interpersonal relationship (r=.153 p=.011, r=.217 p=.000, r=.354 p=.000, r=.193 p=.001). 7. Health concept explained 10.1% of the variance for Health promoting behaviors.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.403-418
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• 1998

The aim of this study was to measure effects of the following items to pain and pain behavior reaction in patients with chronic orofacial pain. Items that contribute to the first factor(Environmental Influences) measure environmental sources of information that may affect illness behavior; Second factro(Loss of Control) measure appraisals and attributions perceived to influence personal views aobut pain; Third factor(Health Care Avoidance) measures a variety of avoidant behaviors; Fouth factor(Past and Current Experiences) measures experiences with treatment); Fifth factor(Physiological Responsivity) measures physiological parameters that are experienced in association with pain; Sixth factor(Thoughts of Disease Progression) measures thoughts regarding the etiology and progression of disease in relation to pain. 150 patients that were consist of 40 male and 110 female were participated in this study. The obtained results of this study were as follows : 1. Environmental influences and loss of control scales were recorded high score in patients with chronic orofacial pain 2. "Physician's descriptions of what your pain will be like" and "Physician's facial expression when they ask about your pain" items from the environmental influences were recorded high score. These results indicated that responsibility of doctro is very important to the pain reaction behavior of patients. Also, items from thoughts regarding the etiology and progression of disease in relation to pain influenced to the pain reaction. 3. There were significant defferences on the "nurses' descriptions of what you pain will be like", "physician's and nurses' facial expression when they ask about your pain", "TV and radio", and "Literature" items from the environmental influences between male and female patients. 4. There were no significant differences on the each scale between arthrogenous and combitnation group and significant correlated with all 6 scales.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.138-149
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• 1991

부모 설문을 통해 소아, 청소년의 정서 및 행동문제를 파악하기 위한 한국판 행동조사표(Child Behavior Checklist, CBCL)의 임상유용도를 검증하기 위해 정상군과 임상군을 변별하는 능력을 평가하였다. 양군의 전체점수와 척도별 점수를 비교하면 p<.001로 임상군 변별력이 매우 높으나 각 문항별로 점수를 비교할 경우, 사회능력척도에서 남자 1문항, 여자 5문항, 문제행동 척도에서 남자 10문항, 여자 14문항이 임상군 변별력이 다소 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 이에 대한 원인을 살펴보고 수정, 보완하기 위한 방법을 제시하였다.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2003

본 연구는 공간 특성이 서로 다른 주거공간과 사무공간의 조명환경 평가구조에 어떠한 차이가 있는지를 파악하고, 분위기항목과 행위항목과의 관계를 정립하는데 목적을 두고 먼저 조명환경에 대한 평가항목으로써 20개의 분위기항목과 15개의 행위항목을 선정하였다. 그리고 SD법에 의한 주관평가실험을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 공간의 특성이 달라도 조명환경의 분위기평가는 <활동성>, <안정감>, <고급감>의 3인자로 설명이 가능한 것으로 나타났다. 행위 인자에 있어서는 주거공간의 경우 <작업행위>,<휴식행위>,<오락행위>의 3인자가 추출되었고, 사무공간의 경우 <작업행위>, <비작업행위>의 2인자가 추출되었다. 주거공간에서의 3가지 행위인자를 설명하는데 있어서 가장 커다란 영향을 미치는 분위기인자는 <활동성>인자로 나타났으며, 사무공간의 경우, <작업행위>는 <활동성>인자가, <비작업행위>는 <고급감>인자가 가장 큰 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제65권
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• pp.141-160
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• 2015

With the steady growth of our nation's economy, the purchase power of our domestic citizens has continuously enhanced. In recent years, online overseas shopping has rapidly warmed up, increasing number of Chinese people have started to purchase overseas products via internet. According to China's current legislation, the imported goods are divided into goods and items based on "profitability standard", and regulated by different rules of clearance supervision and import duties. Goods can't pass through custom and pay duties in the form of items, and the import duties burden of goods is generally much heavier than that of items. Goods of entrusted overseas shopping pass through custom and pay duties in the form of items, but goods of profitable purchasing are goods, not items. Therefore, the profitable-purchasing behavior is smuggling. Although goods of unprofitable purchasing are items, unprofitable-purchasing behavior may also constitute smuggling. The author concludes that causes of smuggling crime are: huge market demand for overseas goods, lack of customs supervision, law blank of petty foreign trade, and public's misconception of entrusted overseas purchasing are the major factors. The author proposes the corresponding preventive measures against the crime, such as to establish an one-stop service system in online Shopping Mall, to modify the Passengers' Baggage Declaration Form, to establish a relatively simplified clearance system of small cargo, to establish a relatively reasonable import duties of petty trade.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to categorize elderly people's behavior using the questionnaire filling up by oneself for 24hours and to analyze the time required according to behavior and space. Also, through analytical researches, we find a way to develop smart home service. In this study, we carry out a questionnaire targeting a number of 20 elderly people. The questionnaire is to survey elderly people's behaviors for 24hours. Questionnaire items consist of three parts : items for checking time required about a daily behavior, items for analyzing a space in daily lives, generalities. This study is analyzed through descriptive statistics. The results of this study were as follows. Firstly, the elderly people's behaviors were eight categories. Among these behavior's categories, the highest portion is the behavior related to Individual maintenance such as sleep, personal hygiene, nap, etc. by 49%. Secondly, the portion of time required in residence based on daily lives is higher than outside of residence by 73%. Lastly, analyzing each space in residence focused on time required of elderly people's behaviors, bed room is the highest portion by 49%, and followed by living room with 29% and kitchen with 15%, and bath room with 7%.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.155-173
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• 2022

본 연구의 노인영양지수 2021 (NQ-E 2021)은 노인의 식생활 관리 상태를 종합적, 객관적으로 평가할 수 있는 선별 영양진단 도구로 노인영양전문가 뿐만 아니라 일반인들도 쉽게 이해할 수 있어서 다양하게 활용되도록 하는 데 목표를 두고 수행되었다. NQ-E 2015 체크리스트 항목을 기반으로 하고, 노인의 식행동과 영양섭취 관련 문헌, 국민건강영양조사 자료, 국가 영양 정책 및 권고사항, 전문가 대상 심층면접을 통해 식품섭취영역에서 15개 항목, 식행동·식습관 영역에서 14개 항목의 총 29개 항목을 파일럿 조사용 체크리스트로 우선 선정하였다. 노인 100명을 대상으로 파일럿 설문조사 후 전문가 의견과 탐색적 요인분석을 거쳐서 전국 단위조사용 체크리스트로 23개 항목을 도출하였다. 전국단위 조사는 6개 광역시를 기준으로 층화추출한 총 1,000명을 대상으로 대면 조사를 수행하고, 탐색적 요인분석을 실시하여 노인 영양지수 평가항목을 3개 요인 (균형, 절제, 실천)으로 분류하고, 확정적 요인분석을 통해 최종 17개 항목이 NQ-E 2021의 구조방정식 모형에 적합한 것으로 도출되었다. 노인영양지수의 영역별 가중치는 각각 균형 0.55, 절제 0.10, 실천 0.35로 수렴되었다. 각 영역별로, '균형' 영역은 과일 섭취, 우유 및 유제품 섭취, 생선이나 조개류 섭취, 달걀 섭취, 콩이나 콩제품 섭취, 견과류섭취, 전곡이나 잡곡류 섭취, 물 섭취 빈도의 8개 항목, '절제' 영역에는 단음료나 단 음식 섭취와 기름진 빵이나 스낵 과자류 섭취 빈도의 2개 항목, '실천' 영역에는 건강한 식생활을 하려는 노력, 유통기한이나 영양표시 확인, 식사 전 손 씻기, 음식을 씹는데 불편한 정도, 우울정도, 숙면, 건강에 대한 자각의 7개 항목이 포함되었다. 전국단위 조사대상자의 NQ-E 2021 평균 점수는 51.7점이었고, 영역별 평균 점수는 균형 44.9점, 절제 52.2점, 실천 62.1점이었다. 본 연구에서 개발한 노인영양지수 (NQ-E 2021)는 17개의 간단한 설문항목, 10분 정도의 시간으로 노인의 전반적인 식사의 질과 식행동이 양호한지를 판정할 수 있고, 균형, 절제, 실천 영역의 구체적인 등급도 확인할 수 있다. NQ-E 2021은 오프라인뿐만 아니라 웹 연동 온라인 컴퓨터 프로그램으로 제공되어 간편하게 사용할 수 있으므로, 노인 스스로 자신의 영양상태를 평가하거나 또는 영양전문가들이 지역사회 주민들의 대면과 비대면 영양관리 자료로 다양하게 활용하는 것이 기대된다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제44권8호
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• pp.117-126
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• 2006

The purposes of this study were to examine the factors affecting the avatar addictive buying behavior. The survey subjects were 220 females and males who had purchased avatar items in the internet. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, factor analysis, t-test and regression analysis were used. In the results, first, the frequency test of quantity of owned items, payment method, main using site, frequency of purchase, and price of purchase was conducted to reveal the avatar addictive buying behavior. Second, the avatar addictive buying behavior was classified into three factors: conspicuous addictive, psychological addictive and habitual addictive. Also, the pursuit of pleasure was classified into three factors: superiority, pastime and enjoyment. Third, flow, vicarious satisfaction, stress, superiority and pastime affected avatar addictive buying behavior. Based on these results, fashion marketing strategies and implications regarding avatar addictive buying were suggested.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 1990

A study of domestic furniture arrangements may reveal the living style relevant to the room as conceived and coded by occupants and the effects of the physical environment on the structure of behavior settings. The purpose of this study was to investigate, through analizing the furniture usage and behavior as a non-reactive and activity oriented behavioral measures, the occupants` domestic habits as a living style using MDS. MDS(multidimensional scaling technique) is a statistical technique for creating a spatial representation of data. It Is a particularly appropriate technique for analizing qualitative data such as the furniture usage and behavior because it takes into account all of the relationships between items. For the MDS analysis, the furniture usage and behavior examined by housing types based on 114 households in Seoul. The result of spatial configuration by MDS has three dimensions : recogn;lion of room function, pattern of room organization, understanding of room meaning. The effect of housing types for dimensions is identical but configuration of furniture items is different.