• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.138-144
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• 1996

비트 재배에 알맞은 양액 농도를 구명하고자 근비대기 개시기(직경 1cm 정도)전후에 양액 농도가 생육과 몇 가지 성분에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. Yamazaki 상추 용액을 근비대기 전에 0.5, 1, 2, 4배, 그리고 각각을 근비대 시작 후에 0.5, 1, 2, 4배로 처리하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 뿌리의 무게는 초기 0.5, 1, 2배액의 경우에 후기에 4배액 처리가 좋았다. 그러나 후기 4배액 처리구에서는 뿌리의 바람들이와 열근율이 높았다. 비타민 C는 근비대 후기에 너무 높거나 낮은 농도 처리 시 낮았다. 그러나 bataxanthin과 batacyanin은 비대기 전 농도에 관계없이 후기 처리 농도가 낮을수록 높았다. 따라서 비트에 가장 알맞은 농도는 초기에 1-2배액, 후기에 2배액을 쓰는 것이 좋다고 본다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.140-145
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• 1995

This experiment was canied out to investigate the effect of seeding times on the fresh yield of fodder beet varieties, and to select the most adaptable varieties of fodder beet in Daekwanryeong areas. Three varieties(Kyros, Zorba and Hugin) and six seeding times(25 July, 4 Aug. and 14 Aug. in 1993. and 30 Apr., 10 May and 20 May in 1994) were combined in the experiment. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The seeding time for the highest fresh yield of fodder beet was obtained as 18.29 tonha on 25 July in 1993. Of various varieties, the highest fresh yields were 22.59 ton and 18.89 tonlha for Kyros and Zorba on 25 July, and 19.15 tonha for Hugin on 4 Aug. in 1993. 2. The fresh yield of fodder beet were 20.30 ton, 19.41 ton and 16.93 tonlha on 30 Apr., 10 May and 20 May in 1994, respectively. The highest fresh yield of the varieties were 77.78 ton for Kyms on 20 May, 19.79 ton for Zorba on 30 Apr., and 20.63 tonha for Hugin on 10 May in 1994. 3. Shoot and root(S/R) ratio was different between seedling times. S/R ratio of the varieties were increased in 1993 due to the delayed seeding times, but on the contrary it tended to decrease in 1994 with the delayed seeding times. 4. Shoot and root(S/R) ratios of varieties were 0.94, 0.89 and 1.18 for Kyros, Zorba and Hugin in 1993, and 1.29 for Kyms, and 1.85 for Zorba and Hugin in 1994, respectively.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.334-342
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• 2015

Two fumonisin-nonproducing strains of Fusarium verticillioides and their fumonisin producing progenitors were tested for aggressiveness toward maize, sorghum, rice, and beetroot seedlings grown under greenhouse conditions. None of the plants showed obvious disease symptoms after root dip inoculation. Fungal biomass was determined by species-specific real-time PCR. No significant (P = 0.05) differences in systemic colonization were detected between the wild type strains and mutants not producing fumonisins. F. verticillioides was not detected in any of the non-inoculated control plants. The fungus grew from roots to the first two internodes/leaves of maize, rice and beet regardless of fumonisin production. The systemic growth of F. verticillioides in sorghum was limited. The results showed that fumonisin production was not required for the infection of roots of maize, rice and beet by F. verticillioides.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.109-114
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• 1968

본시험은 사탕무우 GW 359를 공시하여 고령지인 대관령에 4월 24일, 중부평야지인 수원에 4월 1일, 최남단인 제주도에 6월 21일 파종하여 지역별 생육과정을 조사하였다. 1) 대관령은 7월 15일까지가 초기생육기로 비교적 길고 8월 15일에서 9월 15일까지가 생육최성기로 갈반병의 피해도 적었고 9월 15일 이후가 등열기로 평등엽생활일수가 110일 이내로 지상부 및 근부 생육곡선이 정상적이나 초기생육기간을 단축하고 등열기로 기온급강을 해소할 수 있는 조열품종의 도입 및 육성이 필요하다. 2) 수원은 생육최성기까지의 지상부 생육은 양호하나 7월말부터 갈반병이 발생하여 엽위 25∼35까지의 엽은 대부분 고사하였다가 10월초부터 재생하므로 이로 인하여 근중당분도 하강하다가 10월중순에 다시 상승하였다. 근중은 이와는 달리 7월부터 수확기까지 계속 증가하나 비정상적인 생육곡선을 보이고 있어 재배 부적지로 본다. 3) 제주는 초기생육기가 8월말까지로 대관령에 비하여 약 15일 단축되며 생육최성기는 9월초부터 10말까지로 보며 11월초부터는 비교적 장기간의 등열기에 속하므로써 당분축적에 유리하며 전반적인 생육곡선이 정상적이나 추동작재배시의 내추태성품종의 도입과 육성이 필요할 것으로 본다. 4) 이상의 종합적인 성적으로 보아 수원은 사탕무우재배에 많은 기상적 장해가 있으나 대관령과 같은 해발 600∼800m의 지역에는 춘작형, 제주도는 추동작형으로서 경제적재배가 가능할 것으로 본다.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제22권1_2호
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• pp.21-27
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• 1979

Sandy loam plots of pH 5.5, which was created by the reclamation of highlands in Yongin county, Kyeonggi province, was selected for the present experimental study. Sugar beet was cultured in these plots by treating them with calcium hydroxide and 3 replications to maintain pH 5.5, 6.4, 6.8, 7.2, and 7.6, respectively. The growth and yield of sugar beet were investigated and the results obtained showed a great deal of boron deficiency. The growth in its early stage was favorable in high pH plots, while no significant difference was observed in sugar content, root weight and sugar production at the time of harvest in each treated plot. The tendency of sugar accumulation appeared to be identical in terms of pattern in each treated plot; i.e. sugar was accumulated until early September but declined momentarily from the middle of September and then the sugar accumulation was resumed from the middle of October. The number of individuals in boron deficiency was larger in high pH plots and the condition of such boron deficiency was also severe. The result of analysis of boron contained in plant body revealed that the boron content of individuals caused boron deficiency by water culture and that occurred in the plots was small alike. The appearance of boron deficiency is characterized by the emergence of black stripes on the surface of the basal part of petiole, severe necrosis of young leaves in the area of growing point and severe wrinkles. Therefore it is felt necessary to pay particular attention to boron deficiency in the culture of sugar beet in our country.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2019년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.110-110
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• 2019

Beet (Beta vulgaris) is a crop similar to sugar beet, chard and leaf beets, and its origin is the Mediterranean coast of southern Europe and Central Asia. Among the components contained in beet, betalain, the main component of the root, has been reported to prevent lipid peroxidation induced by active oxygen and free radicals due to its high radical scavenging ability. Among these, the betalain, betanin (Betanidin 5-O-${\beta}$-glucoside) contains both phenolic and cyclic amine groups, all of which are highly electron-donating and act as antioxidants and has tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Betanin accounts for about 75-95% of the total pigment found in the beet. EM stands for effective microorganisms and is a collection of beneficial microorganisms. EM includes yeast, lactic acid bacteria, mycelia, photosynthetic bacteria, actinomycetes, etc. Human patch test according to CTFA guidelines was observed to be a safe source of no stimulation when 5% (v/v) of the EM fermentation liquid was applied to the human body. In addition, beneficial microorganisms are synergistic in the process of co-existence and cultivation and it has the effect of increasing antioxidant capacity and inhibiting corruption. This study confirms the difference in tyrosinase inhibitory activity and betanin content of beetroot extracts and EM fermented beetroot extracts. Hence, these results confirm that EM fermented beetroot extracts are highly beneficial for the human body.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.716-721
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• 1999

It has been known that continuous cultivation of hairy root is difficult to maintain for a long period of time compared to the microbial and callus cultures. Chemostat cultivation was successfully carried out in order to economically produce a plant-based colorant, betacyanin, from red beet hairy root for more than 85 days in a 14-1 fermentor. The result from the chemostat cultivation was compared to those of the batch and fed-batch cultivations of red beet hairy roots. It was shown that hairy root reached its steady state within 50 days of the cultivation, and then maintained for about 25-30 days in a wide range of dilution rates. Total betacyanin production from the continuous process was also calculated to be 2.65g at 0.28(l/d) of dilution rate, compared to 0.196g from fed-batch cultivation. It was found that betacyanin production was a partially growth related process, yielding 0.376 mg/g-fresh wt. cell and $1.89{\times}10^{-5}$ mg/g-fresh wt. cell/d, with 0.92 of correlation factor in a partial growth-product model. It was also shown that the cell growth required was relatively large for maintenance amount of energy at a low dilution rate. The growth of hairy root was inhibited by high light intensity in following a photo-inhibition model. The growth parameters were estimated to be 0.3(l/d), $10.56kcal/\textrm{m}^2/h$,{\;}and{\;}35.81kcal/\textrm{m}^2/h$ for the maximum specific growth rate, half saturation light intensity, and inhibition light intensity, respectively.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.376-381
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• 2021

Red beet roots (Beta vulgaris L.)는 천연색소로 붉은 색계열의 betacyanins은 75-95%의 betanine와 이성질체인 isobetanine 15-45%으로 존재한다. 본 연구는 비트레드를 사용한 식품에 대해 HPLC-DAD를 이용하여 지표성분인 betanine 및 isobetanine에 대해 분석법을 확립하였으며, 유효성 검증을 위해 직선성, 검출한계, 정량한계, 정확성, 정밀성, 측정불확도를 측정하였다. 캔디류, 빙과류, 코코아 가공품의 matrix에 적용하여 matrix matched calibration법을 사용하였으며 R²이 0.9998 이상으로 높은 직선성을 보였다. 검출한계와 정량한계는 각각 0.16-0.32 mg/L, 0.48-0.97 mg/L으로 확인되었다. 분석법의 정확성 및 정밀성을 검증하기 위해 intra-day 및 inter-day 반복 실험 결과, 회수율은 96.0-103.1 %, 100.0-102.2 %이였으며, RSD는 0.5-3.3 %, 0.9-3.8 %로 산출되었다. 측정불확도는 매트릭스 및 측정 농도에 따라 1.71-12.43%로 평가되었다. 또한, 확립된 분석법의 적용성 검토를 위해서 비트레드 색소를 사용한 가공식품 26종을 분석한 결과, betanine과 isobetanine을 정량 할 수 있었다 (8.4-3,823.4 mg/kg).

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.311-314
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• 2001

Phytophthora root rot of lettuce, which has not been reported in Korea before, occurred severely in liquid hydroponic culture. The disease occurred in all seasons and was most severe in summer from June to August, showing over 90% infection rate in some farms. A total of 51 isolates collected from various farms were all identified as Phytophthora drechsleri. The fungus showed strong pathogenicity to lettuce and Chinese cabbage, moderate pathogenicity to cucurbits and tomato, and weak pathogenicity to pepper. However, the fungus was not pathogenic to other leafy vegetables namely: chicory, kale, endive, garland chrysanthemum, spinach beet, and perilla. Among 10 species of Phytophtora inoculated to lettuce, only P. drechsleri and P. cryptogea were found pathogenic.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.413-422
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• 2005

본 연구는 톱밥발효 돈분을 vermicomposting으로 처리하여 생산된 분립을 상토재의 원료인 피트모스와 혼합하였을 때 이 화학적 특성과 엽채류(근대, 열무, 시금치, 상추)의 생육에 미치는 영향을 조사하여 분립의 적정 혼합비율을 추정하였다. 이 화학적 분석결과 지렁이 분립량이 증가할수록 용적비중(bulk density), 진밀도(particle density), pH 전기전도도(electrolytic conductivity), 무기물(ash), 전질소(total nitrogen), 양이온 치환능력(cation exchange capacity), 유효인산함량(available $P_2O_5$) 및 치환성양이온향량(exchangeable cation)이 증가하였다. 근대는 분립 $40{\sim}100%$의 혼합비율에서 초장(PL), 엽면적(LA), 지상부중(SHW), 근중(RW), 근장(RL) 및 생물학적 수량(BY)이 다른 처리구보다 유의하게 높았고, 열무는 분립 $40{\sim}60%$의 혼합비율에서 지상부중(SHW), 근중(RW) 및 생물학적 수량(BY)이 다른 처리구보다 유의하게 높았다. 시금치는 분립 40%의 혼합비율에서 지상부중(SHW), 근중(RW) 및 생물학적 수량(BY)이 다른 처리구보다 유의하게 높았고, 상추는 분립 40%의 혼합비율에서 초장(PL), 엽면적(LA), 지상부중(SHW), 근중(RW), 근장(RL) 및 생물학적 수량(BY)이 다른 처리구보다 유의하게 높았다. 이상의 결과로부터 본 실험에서 분립의 첨가비율은 근대 $40{\sim}100%$, 열무 $40{\sim}60%$, 시금치와 상추 40%가 적정혼합비율이었다.