• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.122-127
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• 2011

A bee venom is very useful and expensive medical resource. A bee venom collector has some difficulties and inconveniences because of its complex component. This is used normal battery as an electric power. However, using the solar cell of the bee venom collector reduces economic burden and guarantees high efficiency. We have performed comparative experiment between the bee venom collector to use battery and the one to use solar cell(polycrystalline silicon) by collecting the bee venom simultaneously. At the same electricity, the electric frequency(AC),312 Hz is more superior than 450Hz. This paper verified through the experiments that the bee venom collector to adopt solar cell is more effective than normal collector.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.171-177
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• 2018

Purified bee venom was collected from colonies of honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) using a bee venom collector under sterile conditions and then purified under strict laboratory conditions. Purified bee venom contained $63.9{\pm}5.4%$ melittin, $10.9{\pm}1.6%$ phospholipase A2, and $2.3{\pm}0.3%$ apamin. Purified bee venom has various anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory and immunostimulating effects. In this study, we evaluated purified bee venom which are mammary gland cells, MAC-T cells are used to increase the synthesis of milk protein. Purified bee venom promoted the proliferation of MAC-T cells at concentrations below $1{\mu}g/mL$, but cytotoxicity at $10{\mu}g/mL$ and above. As a result of the increase in the synthesis of ${\beta}-casein$, a milk protein after treatment with MAC-T cells at a concentration of the bee venom without cytotoxicity, the ${\beta}-casein$ content in the cell culture was increased when treated at a concentration of 1 ng/mL or more. In addition, it was confirmed that purified bee venom significantly increased the expression of bovine ${\beta}-casein$ (bCSNB) mRNA, a ${\beta}-casein$ synthesis gene, at a concentration of 1 ng/mL or more. These results suggest that purified bee venom can be used to increase the production of livestock by ultimately increasing the expression of milk protein.

• 생약학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.43-48
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• 2016

The aim of the study was performed to examine the anticariogenic potential of purified bee venom (Apis mellifera L., PBV) collected using bee venom collector from cariogenic bacteria, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguis, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Fusobacterium nucleatum. The anticariogenic effect of purified bee venom was evaluated by agar well diffusion method, minimum inhibitory concentraion (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and postantibiotic effect (PAE). The human lower gingiva epithelial cell cytotoxicity of purified bee venom was also evaluated. Purified bee venom exhibited significant inhibition of bacterial growth of S. mutans, S. sanguis, P. gingivalis, and F. nucleatum with MIC value of 0.68, 0.85, 3.49, and $2.79{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. The MBC value of purified bee venom against S. mutans, S. sanguis, P. gingivalis, and F. nucleatum was 1.34, 1.67, 8.5, and $6.8{\mu}g/ml$. Furthermore, the results of PAE values against S. mutans, S. sanguis, P. gingivalis, and F. nucleatum showed the bacterial effect with 3.3, 3.45, 2.0, and 2.0. The concentration below 1 mg/ml of purified bee venom had no cytotoxicity in the human lower gingiva epithelial cell. These results suggested that purified bee venom have great potenial as anticariogenic agents.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.287-295
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• 2006

This study was conducted to evaluate effects of honeybee venom injection (VI) collected using bee venom collector compared to that of bee venom accupuncture (VA) on the body weight gain, growth rate and hematological characteristics of piglets. One hundred sixty two piglets from 15 sows were allocated in to three groups; honeybee venom subcutaneous injection groups (97 piglets from 9 sows), honeybee venom accupuncture -treated group (31 piglets from 3 sows), and non -treated control group and 30 days after birth. Honeybee venom subcutaneous injection groups divided by a syringeful; group A (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 mg ), group B (1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 rug), and group C (1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 mg). During 60 days experiment, weight gain and survivability in VI and VA treatment of pigs were higher compared with control. Survival rate during the experiment period was 96.8% in group C, 93.2 % in VA and 86.7 % in control. Weight gain and survivability were effected by VI and VA. WBC, RBC, lymphocytes, monocytes, serum total protein, and albumin concentration were not affected by VI and VA. Serum IgG concentration of VI and VA treatments were greater than that of control. In conclusion, VI and VA were effective for improving growth performance and to increase the concentrations of blood Ig G in growing pigs. No statistical differences were found for VI and VA. These results suggested that the treatment of honeybee venom injection collected using bee venom collector could be used effectively for the increase productivity.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.115-123
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• 2007

The therapeutic effect of honeybee venom collected using be venom collector on bovine mastitis was investigated. Mastitic cows from four farms were selected in the Yang-pyeong areas. Chronic mastitic cows were injected with the various concentrations of honey-bee venom per day. There was a significant difference in the reduction rates of somatic cell counts (SCC) according to treatment concentration and method of bee venom. The milk SCC were significantly decreased in all concentrations of bee venom 3 days after treatment. The reduction rates of SCC in treatment of 3, 6, 12 and 24mg honeybee venom were 20, 43, 63.3 and 65.8% respectively. Honeybee venom treatment consisted of two methods, a syringeful and a Bovivet Spenstift. The treatment with Bovivet Spenstift was more effective in the reduction rates of SCC compared with the syringeful. Thirty two out of 53 quarters were cured by Bovivet Spenstift with 12mg bee venom per day for 14 days. The venom cure rates of bovine mastitis by Escherichia coli, Stapylococcus aureus, Gram positive bacteria and Gram negative bacteria were 33.3, 75, 75 and 43.8% respectively. These results suggested that bee venom treatment (by Bovivet Spenstift with 12mg) might be effective for treatment of bovine mastitis.

• 약학회지
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• 제60권2호
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• pp.53-57
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• 2016

This study was performed to examine the skin phototoxicity of purified bee venom (Apis mellifera L.) collected using bee venom collector. To confirm whether the gel containing purified bee venom (BV gel) causes photototoxicity when used for the skin medicinal products, phototoxicity testing was conducted using guinea pig models. The BV gel (0.1 ml/site) was administered transdermally to guinea pigs. 8-MOP was used to introduce positive control response. After administration, the guinea pigs were irradiated with UVA ($15J/cm^2$) with doses based on standard phototoxicity study guidelines. In the weight measurement and clinical observation, BV gel groups didn't show any significant changes compared with control group. BV gel groups did not show any symptoms such as erythema and edema formation of skin. This study demonstrated that BV gel has promising potential external treatment for topical uses that do not induce significant levels of skin phototoxicity.

• 생약학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.173-177
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• 2009

The in vitro antibacterial activities of honeybee(Apis mellifera. L) venom collected by a bee venom collector were investigated against several bacteria including antibiotic-susceptible and resistant Propionibacterium acnes. Honeybee venom was prepared with different concentrations and they showed strong antibacterial activites. Honeybee venom inhibited the growth of the tested antibiotic-resistant P. acnes at the concentration of 1 mg/ml. The inhibitory activities of the honeybee venom showed time-dependent manner. Honeybee venom did not influence the viability of human dermal fibroblast at the high concentration of less than 10 mg/ml. From these results, we expect that honeybee venom has strong antibacterial activities and has advantage for treating cure.

• 생약학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.76-81
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• 2011

The study of irritation and toxicity of honeybee(Apis mellifera. L) venom collected by a bee venom collector applied topically to the skin and mucous membrane were carried out to prove the safety of honeybee venom in clinical use. Animal for the research was the rabbit and the solution for the test was made from honeybee venom. Six animals were used for the skin test and nine animals were used for the eye mucous membrane test. In results, both tests proved that honeybee venom makes no irritable reaction on skin and eye mucous membrane of rabbit. We consider that this result is helpful for saying about the safety of honeybee venom in clinical use.

• 생약학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.203-207
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• 2015

This study was performed to examine the antigenic potential of purified bee venom (Apis mellifera L., PBV) collected using bee venom collector. Antigenic potential of PBV was examined by active systemic anaphylaxis (ASA) in guinea pigs. PBV was subcutaneously administered at 0.025 and 0.05 mg/kg and also as a suspension with adjuvant (Freund's complete adjuvant, FCA). Ovalbumin (OVA) as a suspension with adjuvant was used to introduce positive control response. In the weight measurement and clinical observation, experimental groups didn't show any significant changes compared with control group. In the autopsy of body, the abnormalities of lung were detected only in the positive control. In the ASA test, experimental groups didn't show any symptoms of anaphylaxis like piloerection, hyperpnea and staggering gait. These results suggested that PBV didn't have antigenic potential in guinea pig.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.499-502
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• 2007

본 연구는 전기충격 요법으로 얻은 한국산 건조봉독을 랫드의 포르말린 시험으로 항통각 효능을 관찰하였다. 실험동물로 수컷 Spraque-Dawley 랫드(평균 체중 265.38g, 6주령) 56마리를 각 군당 8마리씩 4개군으로 분류하였다. 봉독 투여군은 6 mg/kg 투여군과 0.6 mg/kg 투여군, 0.06 mg/kg 투여군으로 분류하였고, 대조군에는 생리식염수를 투여하였다. 건조 봉독은 포르말린을 투여하기 15분 전에 족삼리(ST-36)에 피하로 투여하였다. 통증은 1%포르말린 $50{\mu}l$을 랫드의 우측 뒷발바닥의 피하에 투여하여 유발하였다. 랫드가 포르말린을 투여한 후 우측 후지를 입으로 핥거나 깨무는 등의 행동을 포르말린 유발 통증행동으로 평가하였으며, 포르말린 투여 후 60분간 랫드의 통증 반응을 관찰하였다. 랫드의 통증반응은 첫 10분간은 5분 간격으로 관찰하였고, 10분 후부터 60분까지 10분 간격으로 관찰하였다. 한국산 건조 봉독은 봉독 투여 후 10분 이내에는 통증 억제 반응을 나타내지 않았으나, 봉독 투여 10분 후에 용량 의존적인 통증 억제 반응을 보였다. 이상의 결과에서 랫드의 포르말린 시험에서 한국산 건조봉독의 통증 억제 반응은 봉독량에 의존성을 보였고, 통증치료에 있어 다른 약물을 대체하여 사용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.