• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.323-332
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 편심 축 하중을 받는 강구조 주각부의 거동에 대해 실험적 연구와 해석적 연구를 통하여 조사하였다. 실험적 연구는8개의 시험체를 제작하여 실험을 실시하였다. 편심 거리와 베이스 플레이트의 두께를 변수로 하여 각각의 거동을 알아 보고자 하였다. 해석적 연구는 유한요소해석 프로그램인 ANSYS 8.1을 이용하여 베이스플레이트의 지압응력 분포를 해석하였다. 베이스 플레이트의 휨변형도를 비교한 결과 실험 결과와 해석 결과는 비교적 잘 일치함을 보였다. 그러나 해석으로부터 얻은 베이스 플레이트의 지압응력분포는 기존의 설계법에서 가정한 분포와 매우 다르게 나타났으며 지압응력은 편심이 커질수록 기둥의 압축측 플랜지 하단에 집중되는 현상을 보였다. 또한 기존의 주각부 설계법와 AISC의 Steel Design Guide에서 제시하고 있는 베이스 플레이트의 설계법과 해석결과를 비교하였다.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2017

In this paper, the effect of oil conditions in rotor dynamic behaviors of a FFRB (Fully-Floating Ring Bearing) is investigated. Through the characteristic of a FFRB has two films, it has several advantages such as less friction loss and better stability over a wide speed range. However, it is difficult to supply a oil to the inner film. Thus, turbocharger makers have been paid significant attention to the lubrication of a FFRB because of its importance. This work focuses on the influence of oil inlet pressure and temperature. The methodologies of computational simulation and experimental test were used to estimate the rotor dynamic behaviors. In experimental test, the single-scroll turbocharger for the 1.4L diesel engine was used. The results show that the oil inlet pressure and temperature will place considerable influence on the rotor response. Oil conditions affect RSR (Ring Speed Ratio) which is cause of sub-synchronous vibrations, which also cause of oil whirling and whip even a critical speed. At higher speed range, the phenomenon of self-excited vibrations which is cause of instability of fluid whirl is investigated through the orbit shapes that consist of small orbit and large amplitude orbit. It is shown that some performance of a FFRB can be controlled by the conditions of oil supply. Finally, it was revealed that the oil induced operating conditions will strongly affect the turbocharger rotor dynamics behaviors.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.235-242
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• 2014

공기 베어링의 성능개선을 위하여, 일반적인 급기공 형상(drill shape), 곡면 급기공 형상(matched cube shape) 및 $45^{\circ}C$ 모따기 노즐 출구부(trimmed shape)를 가지는 3가지 형태의 노즐형상에서 급기압을 변화 시켰을 때, 샤프트면 출구압력 특성을 전산유체역학 상용코드를 이용하여 분석하였다. 샤프트면 에서 압력 분포는 노즐 중심부에서 정체점 유동의 영향으로 최대압이 발생하며, 노즐 출구부와 샤프트면 사이의 압력분포는 미세 간극의 영향으로 와류가 형성되어 반경방향으로 국부적인 압력상승 현상이 발생한 후 음압영역이 발생하는 것이 관찰되었다. 또한 이러한 현상은 일반적인 형태의 노즐에서 급기압력비 6.92이상인 경우는 나타나지 않는 것으로 관찰되었다. 급기공 노즐 형상을 matched cubic 곡면으로 변화시켜 샤프트면에서 얻어진 압력 분포는 기존의 노즐과 비교한 결과 순간적인 상승압 구간이 모든 경우에 대하여 존재하였으며 급기압력비 10근처까지 음압구간이 나타나는 것으로 관찰되었다. 또한, 노즐 출구부를 모따기로 변형시켰을 때, 샤프트면에서 최대압력의 영향권이 반경방향으로 확대되었고 음압영역은 나타나지 않는 것으로 관찰되었다. 결과적으로, 급기공 내부의 형상변화보다는 노즐 출구면 외부의 변형이 성능개선에 유리한 것으로 관찰된다.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.246-253
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• 2003

The tribological mechanism between the valve plate and the cylinder block in oil hydraulic axial piston pumps plays an important role on high power density. In this study, the fluid film thickness between the valve plate and the cylinder block was measured with discharge pressure and rotational speed by use of a gap sensor, and a slip ring system in the operating period. To investigate the effect of the valve plate shapes, we designed two valve plates with different shapes . the first valve plate was without a bearing pad, while the second valve plate had a bearing pad. It was found that both valve plates behaved differently with respect to the fluid film thickness characteristics. The leakage flow rates and the shaft torque were also experimented in order to clarify the performance difference between the valve plate without a bearing pad and the valve plate with a bearing pad. From the results of this study, we found out that in the oil hydraulic axial piston pumps, the valve plate with a bearing pad showed better film thickness contours than the valve plate without a bearing pad.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 2003년도 학술대회지
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• pp.377-383
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• 2003

In this study, the methodology for determination of shoulder height in the internal shape design of ball bearing using 3D contact analysis is proposed. The quasi-static analysis of a ball bearing was performed to calculate the distribution of applied contact load and angles among the rolling elements. From each rolling element loads and the contact geometry between ball and inner/outer raceway, 3D contact analyses using influence function are conducted. These methodology is applied to HDD ball bearing. The critical axial load and the critical shoulder height which are not affected by edge in the present shoulder height is calculated. The proposed methodology may be applied to other rolling element bearing for the purpose of reducing the material cost and improving the efficiency of the bearing design process.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 2001년도 제34회 추계학술대회 개최
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• pp.230-236
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• 2001

We developed a built-in sensor bearing to measure the rotor motion of a rolling piston type compressor for the air conditioner. Because of needs for the high efficiency and long life span of compressor, and the usage of alternative refrigerants, the operating condition of the compressor becomes more severe. The accurate measurement of the rotor motion of the compressor can contribute greatly to the design and analysis of the hydrodynamic bearing. However, it is difficult to measure accurately the shaft behavior of small compressor because of the small space for the sensor mount, high temperature and pressure of compressor, oil mixed with refrigerant, and electromagnetic noise of the motor. To overcome these difficulties, we develop the cylindrical capacitive sensor that is built in the hydrodynamic bearing and calibrate the built-in sensor bearing indirectly through measuring the oil relative permittivity. We measured the rotor motion as well as suction and discharge pressures in various conditions. The several experimental results show that the developed built-in sensor bearing can measure the rotor motion not only in steady state but also in transient state.

• KSTLE International Journal
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.35-44
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• 2006

Turbocharger bearings are under the circumstance of high temperature, moreover rotated at high speed. It is necessary to be designed overcoming the high temperature. So the type of oil inlet port, the inlet oil temperature and the sort of engine oil should be designed, controlled and selected carefully in order to reduce the bearing inside temperature. In this study, the influence of aerated oil on a high-speed journal bearing is also examined by using the classical thermohydrodynamic lubrication theory coupled with analytical models for viscosity and density of air-oil mixture in fluid-film bearing. Convection to the walls and mixing with supply oil and re-circulating oil are considered. The considered parameters for the study of bubbly lubrication are oil inlet port's type, oil aeration level and shaft speed. It is found that the type of oil inlet ports and shaft speed play important roles in determining the temperature and pressure, then the friction and load of journal bearing at high speed operation. Also, the results show that, under extremely high shaft speed, the high shear effects on aerated oil and the high temperature effects are canceled out each other. So, the bearing load and friction show almost no difference between the aerated oil and pure oil.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.14-26
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• 1994

The minimum oil film thickness(MOFT) in the connecting-rod bearing of a 1.5 liter, L-4, gasoline engine is measured up to 5500 rpm and calculated to study the dynamically loaded engine bearing. Short bearing approximation and Mobility method are used for theoretical analysis of oil film characteristics. And cylinder pressure, crank-pin surface temperature and bearing temperature are measured as the input data of theoretical analysis. The MOFT are measured by the total capacitance method(TCM). To improve the reliability of the test results, a reasonable determination method of bearing clearance is introduced and used, and the effects of cavitation and aeration on the test results are neglected. The crankshaft is grounded by means of a slip ring. A scissor type linkage system was developed to measure the MOFT and bearing temperature. The effects of engine speed, load and oil viscosity on the measured and calculated minimum oil film thicknesses are investigated at 1500 to 5500 rpm. From the comparison between the measured and calculated MOFT, it is found that a qualitative similarity exists between them, but in all cases, the measured MOFT are smaller than those calculated.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.207-218
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• 2007

Turbocharger bearings are under the circumstance of high temperature, moreover rotated at high speed. It is necessary to be designed overcoming the high temperature. So the type of oil inlet port, the inlet oil temperature and the sort of engine oil should be designed, controlled and selected carefully in order to reduce the bearing inside temperature. In this study, the influence of aerated oil on a high-speed journal bearing is also examined by using the classical thermohydrodynamic lubrication theory coupled with analytical models for viscosity and density of air-oil mixture in fluid-film bearing. Convection to the walls and mixing with supply oil and re-circulating oil are considered. The considered parameters for the study of bubbly lubrication are oil inlet port's type, oil aeration level and shaft speed. It is found that the type of oil inlet ports and shaft speed play important roles in determining the temperature and pressure distribution, then the friction in a journal bearing at high speed operation. Also, the results show that, under extremely high shaft speed, the high shear effects on aerated oil and the high temperature effects are canceled out each other. So, the bearing load and friction show almost no difference between the aerated oil and pure oil.

• 한국공작기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공작기계학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.468-472
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• 2005

In this paper, the static and dynamic stiffness of the air bearing stage for micro-micro machine tool are examined experimentally. For stiffness and precision concerns, air bearing stages are adapted for 3-axis micro-milling machine which is size of $200x200\;mm^2$. The air bearings in the stage are preloaded by permanent magnets to achieve desired bearing clearance and stiffness for vertical direction. As the stiffness of the air bearing is primary interests, static stiffness test were performed on XY stage in Z direction and Z column in Y direction. Dynamic test were performed on XY stage and Z column, respectively. Both static and dynamic tests were performed in different air pressure conditions. The vertical stiffness of XY stage is about 9 N/ pm where Y stiffness of Z column is much smaller as $1\;N/{\mu}m$ because of the large moment generated by Y force on the column.