• 제목/요약/키워드: Bax inhibitor

검색결과 174건 처리시간 0.027초

황금(黃芩) 에탄올 추출물에 의한 인체 신세포암 Caki-1 세포의 자가세포사멸 유도 (Induction of Apoptosis by Ethanol Extract of Scutellaria baicalensis in Renal ell Carcinoma Caki-1 Cells)

  • 황원덕;임용균;손병일;박철;박동일;최영현
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제23권4호
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    • pp.518-528
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    • 2013
  • 꿀풀과(Labiatae)에 속하는 황금(黃芩, S. baicalensis)은 한국, 중국, 몽골 및 시베리아 동부 등지에 분포하는 여러해살이 초본식물로서 예로부터 민간처방 약재로 사용되었으며, 한방에서는 뿌리 말린 것을 이질, 발열 및 황달의 치료제로 사용되고 있다. 또한 최근 연구에 따르면 황금 추출물은 항염증, 항당뇨, 항균, 항알레르기, 항바이러스, 항고혈압, 항산화 및 항암 효능을 가지는 것으로 알려져 있으나 신세포암에서의 항암효능 및 분자생물학적 기전에 대해서는 명확히 밝혀져 있지 않다. 본 연구에서는 인체 신세포암 Caki-1 세포에서 황금 에탄올 추출물(ethanol extract of S. baicalensis, EESB)이 유발하는 항암효과 및 항암기전을 조사하였다. 본 연구의 결과에 의하면 EESB 처리에 의한 Caki-1 세포의 증식억제는 apoptosis 유발과 밀접한 연관이 있었으며, 이는 DR4 Fas ligand 및 Bax 단백질의 발현 증가와 Bid, XIAP 및 cIAP-1의 발현 억제와 관련이 있었다. EESB는 또한 미토콘드리아의 기능 손상과 caspase-3의 기질단백질인 PARP, ${\beta}$-catenin 및 $PLC{\gamma}$-1 단백질의 단편화를 유발하였다. 그러나 EESB 처리에 의하여 유발되었던 apoptosis가 pan-caspases inhibitor인 z-VED-fmk를 이용하여 caspases의 활성을 억제하였을 경우 현저하게 감소되어, EESB에 의한 apoptosis 과정에 caspase의 활성 증대가 중요한 역할을 한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 결과들은 황금의 항암작용을 이해하는데 중요한 자료가 될 것이고 나아가 향후 수행될 추가 실험을 위한 기초 자료로서 그 가치가 매우 높을 것으로 생각된다.

생리혈에 존재하는 자궁내막조직에서 자궁내막증 관련 유전자의 발현 양상 (Expression of Endometriosis Related Genes in the Shed Endometrial Tissues from Menstrual Blood)

  • 박찬우;전진현;궁미경;송인옥
    • Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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    • 제34권4호
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    • pp.275-283
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    • 2007
  • 목 적: 본 연구에서는 생리혈에 존재하는 탈락된 자궁내막조직에서의 자궁내막증 관련 유전자들의 발현 양상과 자궁내막증 병태생리와의 관련성을 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구방법: 자궁내막증으로 확진된 환자 (n=16)와 정상 대조군 (n=26)에서 생리주기 2$\sim$3일째 Wallace catheter로 채취한 생리혈로부터 탈락된 자궁내막조직을 분리하였다. 기존의 연구들에서 보고된 12종류의 자궁내막증 관련 유전자들의 mRNA 발현 양상을 semi-quantitative RT-PCR 방법으로 비교, 분석하였다. 결 과: 생리혈에서 분리한 탈락된 자궁내막조직은 조직학적 관찰을 통해 자궁내막조직임을 확인하였다. 총 12가지 종류의 자궁내막증 관련 유전자에 대한 RT-PCR 분석에서 telomerase, c-kit, aromatase등의 mRNA 발현이 관찰되지 않았다. 세포사멸 (apoptosis)과 관련성이 있는 fas, fas ligand, bcl-2, bax 유전자와 stem cell factor, ER-$\alpha$/$\beta$, endometriosis protein-I, secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor 등의 mRNA 발현 양상은 자궁내막증으로 확진된 환자군과 대조군에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 결 론: 결론적으로 자궁내막증과 관련된 다양한 유전자들의 발현 양상을 생리혈에 존재하는 탈락된 자궁내막조직에서 분석하였지만 의미성이 있는 유전자를 동정하지는 못하였다. 이는 자궁내막조직의 생리학적 특징인 생리주기에 따른 유전자 발현의 역동적인 변화와 관련이 있을 것으로 생각된다.

주산기 저산소성 허혈성 뇌손상에서 항세포자멸사를 통한 mycophenolic acid의 신경보호 효과 (The neuroprotective effect of mycophenolic acid via anti-apoptosis in perinatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury)

  • 김지영;양승호;차선화;김지언;장영채;박관규;김진경;정혜리;서억수;김우택
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • 제50권7호
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    • pp.686-693
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    • 2007
  • 목 적 : Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF)의 활성 대사산물인 (MPA는 IMPDH의 잠재적인 반응 억제제로써 새로운 면역치료제로 사용되고 있다. 이러한 MPA는 신경계에서 흥분독성 손상 후 뇌세포를 보호하고, 미세아교세포에서는 세포사멸사(apoptosis)를 유도하지만, 저산소성 허혈성 뇌질환에서 MPA의 효과는 아직 알려지지 않아, 본 연구에서 Rice-Vannucci 모델을 이용한 신생 백서의 저산소성 허혈성 뇌 손상과 저산소 상태의 태아 백서 뇌세포 배양에서 MPA의 뇌보호 효과를 알아보고자 실험하였다. 방 법 : 생후 7일된 백서의 좌측 총 경동맥을 결찰한 후 저산소 (8% $O_2$) 상태에서 2시간 노출하여, 저산소성 허혈성 뇌 손상을 유발하고 뇌 손상 전후에 MPA(10 mg/kg)를 투여하여 대조군과 비교하였다. 또한, 재태기간 18일된 태아 백서의 대뇌피질 세포를 배양하여 1% $O_2$ 배양기에서 저산소 상태로 세포손상을 유도하여 저산소군, 손상 전후 MPA 투여군($10{\mu}g/mL$)으로 나누어 정상산소군과 비교하였다. 세포사멸사와의 관련을 알아보기 위해서 Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3 항체로 western blotting하였고 Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3 primer를 이용하여 real-time PCR을 하였다. 결 과 : 형태학적으로 H&E 염색상 MPA를 투여한 군에서 뇌 보호 효과를 보였다. Western blotting과 real-time PCR을 이용한 저산소성 허혈성 뇌손상 동물 모델뿐만 아니라 저산소 상태로 태아 백서 뇌세포 배양 실험에서도 MPA 투여한 경우 caspase-3의 발현과 Bax/Bcl-2의 비율이 감소함을 보였다. 결 론 : 본 연구에서 MPA가 anti-apoptosis 작용을 통하여 주산기 저산소성 허혈성 뇌 손상에 뇌보호 역할을 하는 것을 알 수 있었고 향후 신생아 저산소성 허혈성 뇌병증의 치료에 임상적 적용이 가능하리라 생각된다.

Ginsenoside compound-Mc1 attenuates oxidative stress and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes through an AMP-activated protein kinase-dependent mechanism

  • Hong, So-hyeon;Hwang, Hwan-Jin;Kim, Joo Won;Kim, Jung A.;Lee, You Bin;Roh, Eun;Choi, Kyung Mook;Baik, Sei Hyun;Yoo, Hye Jin
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • 제44권4호
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    • pp.664-671
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    • 2020
  • Background: Ginsenoside compound-Mc1 (Mc1) is a member of the deglycosylated ginsenosides obtained from ginseng extract. Although several ginsenosides have a cardioprotective effect, this has not been demonstrated in ginsenoside Mc1. Methods: We treated H9c2 cells with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and ginsenoside Mc1 to evaluate the antioxidant effects of Mc1. The levels of antioxidant molecules, catalase, and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) were measured, and cell viability was determined using the Bcl2-associated X protein (Bax):B-cell lymphoma-extra large ratio, a cytotoxicity assay, and flow cytometry. We generated mice with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity using ginsenoside Mc1 and assessed their heart tissues to evaluate the antioxidant effect and the fibrosis-reducing capability of ginsenoside Mc1. Results: Ginsenoside Mc1 significantly increased the level of phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the H9c2 cells. The expression levels of catalase and SOD2 increased significantly after treatment with ginsenoside Mc1, resulting in a decrease in the production of H2O2-mediated reactive oxygen species. Treatment with ginsenoside Mc1 also significantly reduced the H2O2-mediated elevation of the Bax:Bcl2 ratio and the number of DNA-damaged cells, which was significantly attenuated by treatment with an AMPK inhibitor. Consistent with the in vitro data, ginsenoside Mc1 upregulated the levels of catalase and SOD2 and decreased the Bax:B-cell lymphoma-extra large ratio and caspase-3 activity in the heart tissues of HFD-induced obese mice, resulting in reduced collagen deposition. Conclusion: Ginsenoside Mc1 decreases oxidative stress and increases cell viability in H9c2 cells and the heart tissue isolated from HFD-fed mice via an AMPK-dependent mechanism, suggesting its potential as a novel therapeutic agent for oxidative stress-related cardiac diseases.

A New Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor, MHY4381, Induces Apoptosis via Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species in Human Prostate Cancer Cells

  • Richa, Sachan;Dey, Prasanta;Park, Chaeun;Yang, Jungho;Son, Ji Yeon;Park, Jae Hyeon;Lee, Su Hyun;Ahn, Mee-Young;Kim, In Su;Moon, Hyung Ryong;Kim, Hyung Sik
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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    • 제28권2호
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    • pp.184-194
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    • 2020
  • Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors represent a novel class of anticancer agents, which can be used to inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in several types of cancer cells. In this study, we investigated the anticancer activity of MHY4381, a newly synthesized HDAC inhibitor, against human prostate cancer cell lines and compared its efficacy with that of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), a well-known HDAC inhibitor. We assessed cell viability, apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, and other biological effects in the prostate cancer cells. We also evaluated a possible mechanism of MHY4381 on the apoptotic cell death pathway. The IC50 value of MHY4381 was lower in DU145 cells (IC50=0.31 µM) than in LNCaP (IC50=0.85 µM) and PC-3 cells (IC50=5.23 µM). In addition, the IC50 values of MHY4381 measured in this assay were significantly lower than those of SAHA against prostate cancer cell lines. MHY4381 increased the levels of acetylated histones H3 and H4 and reduced the expression of HDAC proteins in the prostate cancer cell lines. MHY4381 increased G2/M phase arrest in DU145 cells, and G1 arrest in LNCaP cells. It also activated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, which induced apoptosis in the DU145 and LNCaP cells by increasing the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 and releasing cytochrome c into the cytoplasm. Our results indicated that MHY4381 preferentially results in antitumor effects in DU145 and LNCaP cells via mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and ROS-facilitated cell death pathway, and therefore can be used as a promising prostate cancer therapeutic.

Autophagy Inhibition with Monensin Enhances Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis Induced by mTOR or Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors in Lung Cancer Cells

  • Choi, Hyeong Sim;Jeong, Eun-Hui;Lee, Tae-Gul;Kim, Seo Yun;Kim, Hye-Ryoun;Kim, Cheol Hyeon
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • 제75권1호
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    • pp.9-17
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    • 2013
  • Background: In cancer cells, autophagy is generally induced as a pro-survival mechanism in response to treatment-associated genotoxic and metabolic stress. Thus, concurrent autophagy inhibition can be expected to have a synergistic effect with chemotherapy on cancer cell death. Monensin, a polyether antibiotic, is known as an autophagy inhibitor, which interferes with the fusion of autophagosome and lysosome. There have been a few reports of its effect in combination with anticancer drugs. We performed this study to investigate whether erlotinib, an epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor, or rapamycin, an mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor, is effective in combination therapy with monensin in non-small cell lung cancer cells. Methods: NCI-H1299 cells were treated with rapamycin or erlotinib, with or without monensin pretreatment, and then subjected to growth inhibition assay, apoptosis analysis by flow cytometry, and cell cycle analysis on the basis of the DNA contents histogram. Finally, a Western blot analysis was done to examine the changes of proteins related to apoptosis and cell cycle control. Results: Monensin synergistically increases growth inhibition and apoptosis induced by rapamycin or erlotinib. The number of cells in the sub-$G_1$ phase increases noticeably after the combination treatment. Increase of proapoptotic proteins, including bax, cleaved caspase 3, and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, and decrease of anti-apoptotic proteins, bcl-2 and bcl-xL, are augmented by the combination treatment with monensin. The promoters of cell cycle progression, notch3 and skp2, decrease and p21, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, accumulates within the cell during this process. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that concurrent autophagy inhibition could have a role in lung cancer treatment.

인체 전립선 상피세포에서 HDAC 저해제 trichostatin A의 caspase 및 NF-κB의 활성화를 통한 apoptosis 유도 (Induction of Apoptosis by HDAC Inhibitor Trichostatin A through Activation of Caspases and NF-κB in Human Prostate Epithelial Cells.)

  • 박철;김성윤;최병태;이원호;최영현
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제18권3호
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    • pp.336-343
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    • 2008
  • 본 연구에서는 인체전립선 상피세포인 267B1 세포에서 HDAC 저해제인 TSA에 의한 증식억제가 apoptosis 유도에 의한 것임을 제시하였다. 이러한 TSA에 의한 267B1 세포의 apoptosis에는 c-IAP-1 및 c-IAP-2와 같은 IAP family의 발현감소가 동반되었으나 Bax 및 Bcl-2와 같은 Bcl-2 family의 발현에는 큰 변화가 없었다. 그리고 TSA에 의한 267Bl 세포의 apoptosis는 caspase의 활성에 의한 표적 단백질들의 분해와 연관성이 있었다. 또한 TSA에 의한 apoptosis 유도에서 $NF-{\kappa}B$의 활성이 증가된다는 것을 세포질에서 $NF-{\kappa}B$의 핵 내로의 이동에 따른 전사활성의 증가 현상에 의한 것임을 다양한 방법으로 제시하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 TSA와 같은 HDAC 저해제에 의한 apoptosis 유도에는 $NF-{\kappa}B$의 활성 증가가 동반될 수 있음을 보여주는 결과로서 HDAC 저해제의 항암활성에 대한 $NF-{\kappa}B$의 새로운 역할 가능성을 제시하여 주는 것으로서 이에 관한 추가적인 연구의 필요성을 제시하였다.

MHY2251, a New SIRT1 Inhibitor, Induces Apoptosis via JNK/p53 Pathway in HCT116 Human Colorectal Cancer Cells

  • Yong Jung Kang;Young Hoon Kwon;Jung Yoon Jang;Jun Ho Lee;Sanggwon Lee;Yujin Park;Hyung Ryong Moon;Hae Young Chung;Nam Deuk Kim
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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    • 제31권1호
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    • pp.73-81
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    • 2023
  • Sirtuins (SIRTs) belong to the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent class III histone deacetylase family. They are key regulators of cellular and physiological processes, such as cell survival, senescence, differentiation, DNA damage and stress response, cellular metabolism, and aging. SIRTs also influence carcinogenesis, making them potential targets for anticancer therapeutic strategies. In this study, we investigated the anticancer properties and underlying molecular mechanisms of a novel SIRT1 inhibitor, MHY2251, in human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. MHY2251 reduced the viability of various human CRC cell lines, especially those with wild-type TP53. MHY2251 inhibited SIRT1 activity and SIRT1/2 protein expression, while promoting p53 acetylation, which is a target of SIRT1 in HCT116 cells. MHY2251 treatment triggered apoptosis in HCT116 cells. It increased the percentage of late apoptotic cells and the sub-G1 fraction (as detected by flow cytometric analysis) and induced DNA fragmentation. In addition, MHY2251 upregulated the expression of FasL and Fas, altered the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, downregulated the levels of pro-caspase-8, -9, and -3 proteins, and induced subsequent poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage. The induction of apoptosis by MHY2251 was related to the activation of the caspase cascade, which was significantly attenuated by pre-treatment with Z-VAD-FMK, a pan-caspase inhibitor. Furthermore, MHY2251 stimulated the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and MHY2251-triggered apoptosis was blocked by pre-treatment with SP600125, a JNK inhibitor. This finding indicated the specific involvement of JNK in MHY2251-induced apoptosis. MHY2251 shows considerable potential as a therapeutic agent for targeting human CRC via the inhibition of SIRT1 and activation of JNK/p53 pathway.

A549 인체 폐암세포에서 piceatannol에 의한 apoptosis 유발과 NO 생성의 억제 (Induction of Apoptosis and Inhibition of NO Production by Piceatannol in Human Lung Cancer A549 Cells)

  • 최영현
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제22권6호
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    • pp.815-822
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    • 2012
  • Resveratrol 유도체의 일종으로 stilbene계열 물질인 piceatannol은 암세포의 증식을 억제하고 apoptosis를 유발하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 A549 인체 폐암세포를 대상으로 piceatannol에 의한 암세포 증식억제와 연관된 부가적인 기전연구를 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과에서 piceatannol이 A549 세포에서 extrinsic 및 intrinsic pathway의 동시 활성을 통하여 apoptosis를 유발하였음을 Fas/FasL의 발현 증가와 caspase-8 및 -9의 활성증가로 확인하였다. 또한 piceatannol은 caspase-3의 활성을 증가시켰으며, caspase-3의 다양한 표적 단백질들의 발현 감소가 동반되었다. 아울러 piceatannol에 의한 apoptosis 유발 과정은 iNOS의 발현 감소에 의한 NO의 생성 억제와도 연관성이 있었다.

윤폐산에 의한 폐암세포 증식억제기전에 관한 연구 (The Effects of Yunpyesan on Cell Proloferation, Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Progression of Human Lung Cancer A549 Cells)

  • 강윤경;박동일;이준혁;최영현
    • 동의생리병리학회지
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    • 제16권4호
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    • pp.745-755
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    • 2002
  • To examine the effects of Yunpyesan on the cell proliferation of A549 human lung carcinoma cell line, we performed various experiments such as dose-dependent effect of Yunpyesan on cell proliferation and viability, morphological changes, quantification of apoptotic cell death and alterations of apoptosis/cell cycle-regulatory gene products. Yunpyesan declined cell viability and proliferation in both a dose- and a time-dependent manner. The anti-proliferative effect by Yunpyesan treatment in A459 cells was associated with morphological changes such as membrane shrinking and cell rounding up. Yunpyesan Induced apoptotic cell death in a time-dependent manner, which was associated with degradation of poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), an apoptotic target protein, without alterations of the balance between Bcl-2 and Bax expressions. DNA flow cytometric histograms showed that population of G1 phase of the cell cycle was increased by Yunpyesan treatment in a dose-dependent manner. Western blot analysis revealed that cyclin D1 and A were reduced by Yunpyesan treatment, whereas cyclin dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitor p27 was markedly increased in a time-dependent fashion. The level of tumor suppressor p53 proteins was also increased by Yunpyesan treatment and its increase might be linked to increase of Cdk inhibitor p27. In addition, Mdm2, negative regulator of p53, was down-regulated by Yunpyesan treatment. Since the expression of retinoblastome protein (pRB), a key regulator of G1/S progression, was reduced by Yunpyesan treatment, we supposed that phosphorylation of pRB might be also blocked. The present results indicated that Yunpyesan-induced inhibition of lung cancer cell proliferation is associated with the induction of apoptosis and the blockage of G1/S progression.