• Proceedings of the Korea Technology Innovation Society Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.473-492
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• 2001

This paper presents an econometric model for measuring basic research capacity index(BRCI) of each OECD countries and analyses the gap in terms of time lag measured and forecasted in connection with factor analysis and BRCI progress function. Based on the analysis, gross domestic expenditure on R&D(GERD), total R&D personnel, higher education expenditure on R&D(HERD) and number of science and technical papers based on SCI are more effective than other factors to BRCI. Also, BRCI progress function shows that 29 years is needed for Korea to catch up the level of German's BRCI of year 1998. But, it's impossible for Korea to catch up US and Japan. Therefore, with restricted scientific resources, Korea's own strategy for strengthening basic research capacity is going to be more important in 21st century.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.167-170
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• 2015

The dairy industry, as part of the broader agricultural sector, is classified as a basic industry to the Korea economy. Basic industries provide income to a region by producing an output, purchasing production inputs, services and labor. An integrated, multidisciplinary approach for the next generation of dairy products with added health benefits represent the direct economic contribution. The commercialization of "nutritional" functional foods can only be successful if the consumer is confident in the scientific validity of the claims. Modern biotechnologies such as genomics, genetic expression and biomarkers of health performance suggested to whole dairy products, such as fluid milk, butter, cheese, ice cream and frozen dessert products (German, 1999). The following definition makes the point that dairy products can provide a nutritional value beyond the basic nutritional requirements: 1) The dairy industry has the opportunity to improve the health and well-being of its customers and/or to reduce their risk of disease through dairy products with added activities. 2) Functional dairy products are those that can be demonstrated to benefit target functions in the body in a way that improves the state of health and /or reduces the risk of disease. They are food products that are consumed as part of a normal diet rather than pills or supplements. 3) Dairy products based on functionality will need to link the scientific basis of such functionality to the communication of its benefit to the general public. 4) Both the efficacy and the safety of the food components with health benefits will require evidence based on the measurement of scientific biomarkers relevant to their biological responses and health end points. 5) Sound evidence from human studies based on intermediate health end points using accepted biomarkers will provide the basis for promotional messages divided into two categories-enhanced function and reduced risk of disease. 6) Success in solving key scientific and technological challenges will only be achieved by interdisciplinary research programs to exploit the scientific concepts in functional dairy science.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2020

This study investigates the crystallinity distribution of ancient silk. Owing to the inherent multi-hierarchical structure of silk protein and the complicated structural changes that occur due to various burial environments, it is challenging but worthwhile to study ancient silk ageing behavior, which is based on the fact that ageing begins with a single fiber and then spreads to a whole fabric. Crystallinity was one of the most effective indicators found to reveal the ageing status of silk. Therefore, a synchrotron radiation-based X-ray diffraction(SR-XRD) method was employed to study the crystallinity distribution of single fibers of ancient silk unearthed from seven archaeological sites in China from historical periods including the warring states, Han dynasty, Song dynasty, and Ming dynasty. In comparison, the conventional X-ray diffraction method, which uses large amounts of samples, was also performed to determine the integral crystallinity of ancient silk. Thermal stability experiments by thermogravimetry(TG) as well as morphology observations by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and optical microscopy(OM) all confirmed the deterioration of ancient silk. Moreover, the ageing mechanism of ancient silk was proposed with the assistance of an artificial ageing study. The results confirmed the effectiveness of SR-XRD as an ageing indicator, revealing the crystallinity distribution. This research could provide motivation to determine the deterioration status of ancient silk, and would also aid in explaining the fragility of ancient silk due to ageing.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.49-84
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• 2019

This study analyzes the improvement of absorptive capacity by basic research and the mediating effect of applied research to the innovations in the semiconductor industry. With 103 firms in the last 20 years tested firstly, applied research gives a more significant effect than basic research on the innovations. Secondly applied research functions as complete mediating effect between basic research and technological innovations. We also confirms high-performing firms are active in basic research to overcome technological hurdles. This paper suggests that basic research is needed as well as applied research. This study also implies strategic partnership and joint research with universities which have more suitable environment for basic research are needed in a long-term.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.561-574
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• 2009

First ex-vessel core catcher has been applied to the practical design of NPPs with VVER-1000 reactors built in China (Tyanvan) and India (Kudankulam) for severe accident management (SAM) and mitigation of SA consequences. The paper presents the concept and basic design of this crucible-type core catcher as well as an evaluation of its efficiency. The important role of oxidic sacrificial material is discussed. Insight into the behaviour of the molten pool, which forms in the catcher after core relocation from the reactor vessel, is provided. It is shown that heat loads on the water-cooled vessel walls are kept within acceptable limits and that the necessary margins for departure from nucleate boiling (DNB) and of vessel failure caused by thermo-mechanical stress are satisfactorily provided for.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.147-166
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• 2008

Objective : This study is achieved to know the way that we can use metabolomics for the scientific research of Korean medicine. Results : We elucidate that metabolomics can be contributed to four ways for objectification of Korean medicine 1. Diagnosis of BeunJungLonChi(辯證論治). 2. Application toward Personalized medicine. 3. Quantification of Herbal medicine. 4. Evaluation of efficacy/safety for Korean medicine formulation Conclusion : Metabolomics opens up a new opportunity to reinvestigate Korean medicine from holistic perspective. Furthermore, Metabolomics is expected to provide effective method in research of acupuncture and meridian.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.152-169
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• 2017

In this paper, we analyze the basic research system in South Korea. We propose a national basic research system consisting of value, openness, input, transformation, and output. Based on this framework, we set up interview questionnaires, and 15 key informants have been interviewed. According to our results, first, in terms of value, basic research is recognized as an activity for creating knowledge in the understanding of nature. Second, as for openness, scientists and policy experts agree that active interaction with the global community is an important value for the national research system. Third, in terms of sustainable research resources, scientists are strongly required to effectively allocate research funding, maximizing the creativity of researchers and the efficient sharing of research equipment. Fourth, in transformation, basic researchers maintain that the Korean research system has is extremly dependent on the government's external control, and its self-regulative system has been weak for over half century onw. Fifth, for global competitiveness, the interviewees agreed that the quality of basic research in Korea is approaching that of its global competitors. Finally, we put forward some policy implications on the basis of these findings.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.187-196
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• 2013

Background: Health, safety, and well-being (HSW) at work represent important values in themselves. It seems, however, that other values can contribute to HSW. This is to some extent reflected in the scientific literature in the attention paid to values like trust or justice. However, an overview of what values are important for HSW was not available. Our central research question was: what organizational values are supportive of health, safety, and well-being at work? Methods: The literature was explored via the snowball approach to identify values and value-laden factors that support HSW. Twenty-nine factors were identified as relevant, including synonyms. In the next step, these were clustered around seven core values. Finally, these core values were structured into three main clusters. Results: The first value cluster is characterized by a positive attitude toward people and their "being"; it comprises the core values of interconnectedness, participation, and trust. The second value cluster is relevant for the organizational and individual "doing", for actions planned or undertaken, and comprises justice and responsibility. The third value cluster is relevant for "becoming" and is characterized by the alignment of personal and organizational development; it comprises the values of growth and resilience. Conclusion: The three clusters of core values identified can be regarded as "basic value assumptions" that underlie both organizational culture and prevention culture. The core values identified form a natural and perhaps necessary aspect of a prevention culture, complementary to the focus on rational and informed behavior when dealing with HSW risks.

• World Technopolis Review
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.79-86
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• 2015

Over the last two decades, interest increased with regard to how some research universities made direct impacts on surrounding regional economic activities and growth. Although the role of basic research for most research universities has remained strong, pressure has intensified to broaden its missions to include helping local and regional economic development efforts. Consequently, many research universities have evolved their basic scientific research mission from the production of scientific knowledge to the sharing and exchange of knowledge with local industries by actively engaging in local economic development (Uyarra 2010). Previous examination has shown that most research universities contribute to local and regional economic development by various functions they provide. They are as follows: Creation of Knowledge, Human-capital creation, Transfer of existing know-how, Technological innovation, Capital investment, Regional leadership, Knowledge infrastructure production and Influence in regional milieu (Drucker and Goldstein 2007). This paper will review the existing literature on the role of universities and its impacts on local regional economic growth and development. In addition, this paper will show how two major research universities (The University of Arizona and Arizona State University) have contributed to the growth of Arizona during last two decades. It is believed that the existence of these two research universities have been instrumental in making industries more diverse and highly attractive, particularly in the Phoenix Metropolitan Area.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.399-413
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• 2018

This paper addresses the issue of field measurement of excavation damage zone (EDZ) and its numerical simulation method considering both excavation unloading and blasting load effects. Firstly, a 2000 m-deep rock cavern in China is focused. A detailed analysis is conducted on the field measurement data regarding the mechanical response of rock masses subjected to excavation and blasting operation. The extent of EDZ is revealed 3.6 m-4.0 m, accounting for 28.6% of the cavern span, so it is significantly larger than rock caverns at conventional overburden depth. The rock mass mechanical response subjected to excavation and blasting is time-independent. Afterwards, based on findings of the field measurement data, a numerical evaluation method for EDZ determination considering both excavation unloading and blasting load effects is presented. The basic idea and general procedures are illustrated. It features a calibration operation of damage constant, which is defined in an elasto-plastic damage constitutive model, and a regression process of blasting load using field blasting vibration monitoring data. The numerical simulation results are basically consistent with the field measurement results. Further, some issues regarding the blasting loads, applicability of proposed numerical method, and some other factors are discussed. In conclusion, the field measurement data collected from the 2000 m-deep rock cavern and the corresponding findings will broaden the understanding of tunnel behavior subjected to excavation and blasting at great depth. Meanwhile, the presented numerical simulation method for EDZ determination considering both excavation unloading and blasting load effects can be used to evaluate rock caverns with similar characteristics.