• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 1999.04a
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• pp.47.1-47
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• 1999

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.237-237
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• 2007

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 1998.04a
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• pp.197-198
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• 1998

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.275-283
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• 1982

One hundred and sixteen seed samples of 16 different crops were tested by routine seed health testing methods. Seeds of rice, soybean and barley were found to be associated with 18, 15 and 7 species of fungi, respectively. Discoloration and spotting of various kinds were observed in rice seeds. Epicoccum purpurascens, Pyricularia oryzae and Trichoconiella pedwickii were higher in these discoloured than in normal seeds of rice. Macrophomina phaseolina, the charcoal-rot fungus is a new record for soybean in Korea. Seeds of sesame were infected by 13 fungi Alternaria sesami, A. sesarmicola and Corynespora cassiicola were detected predominantly. Twenty one species of fungi were detected in seed samples of 12 commercial vegetable crops. Alternaria, Colletotrichum and Fusarium were found predominantly. Some seed samples of commercial vegetable crops were heavily infected with pathogenic fungi and showed heavy seed and seedling rot.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.66-71
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• 1980

Sesame cultivar Suweon 9 was sown at two planting time, June 19 and July 3, to study flowering and seed maturation process. Flowering began at 37-40 days after sowing at the 2-4th node and proceeded to upper node with the speed of 1.78 days (June 19 planting) and 1.56 days (July 3 planting) per node until Sept. 1. Sesame capsule reached its full size about 10 days after flowering. Number of sesame seed increased until 15 days, but seed weight gain occurred from 10 days to 35 days after flowering, that meant 25 days the actual seed filling period. The capsule flowered later than Aug. 14 remained immature. There was no more seed weight gain when average. temperature dropped below $20^{\circ}C$ (around Sept.15) and 50% of leaves had senesced. Discussion includes that sesame as an 8determinate plant may have independent source-sink relationship at each node.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.232-236
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• 1994

The term underground stem is not used correctly as mesocotyle that is the first internode of barley, wheat and rye. Mesocotyle does not elongate and it remain in the seed in case of these crops. The elongated stem is second internode of these crops and not mesocotyle but rhizome or underground stem. The node on which the underground stem is attached is coleoptile node and coleptile is attached here. The objective of this study was to determine if the depth of sowing affect the coleoptile length and plant height. The deeper sowing caused the longer coleoptile length and plant height. Coleoptile length and plant height of 2cm depth of sowing showed significant difference with 6cm and 10cm depth of sowing in barley and wheat. Variation of these two characters were high in rye and corn because these crops were both heterogeneous due to out crossing. All the varieties of 4 crops showed significant correlation between coleoptile length and plant height. Chilbohomil showed highly significant correlation between two characters.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.984-991
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• 2005

Soil or seed applications of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have been used to enhance growth of several crops as well as to suppress the growth of plant pathogens. In this study, we selected a PGPR strain, Paenibacillus polymyxa strain E681, out of 3,197 heat-stable bacterial isolates from winter wheat and barley roots. Strain E681 inhibited growth of a broad spectrum plant pathogenic fungi in vitro, and treatment of cucumber seed with E681 reduced incidence of damping-off disease caused by Pythium ultimum, Rhizoctonia solani, or Fusarium oxysporum. When inoculated onto seeds as vegetative cells or as endospores, E681 colonized whole cucumber root systems and root tips. Different temperatures such as $20^{\circ}C\;and\;30^{\circ}C$ did not affect root colonization by strain E681. This colonization was associated with a consistent increase in foliar growth of cucumber in the greenhouse. These results indicate that strain E681 is a promising PGPR strain for application to agricultural systems, particularly during the winter season.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.8
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• pp.95-106
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• 1990

The most important factors among extraction conditions in the extraction process of Barley and Casia tora seed are particle size, extraction temperature, time and initial concentration. In this research project, then, the amounts of extracted materials were measured at various conditions of above factors. They were increased as the particle sizes were decreased and were also increased in the proportional to the value of square of temperature. General mathematical prediction models were developed by an optimization technique for the amounts of extracted materials and extraction rate on the basis of each independent factor. Then, the final prediction model was obtained upon all the factors. As the results, it was also found that the values of overall mass transfer coefficients were increased as the particle sizes were decreased.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.55-59
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• 1982

With naked barley varieties which are different in their spring habits, variations in seed proteins during ripening were checked by acrylamide gel electrophoresis. In case of 7% acrylamide gel among protein bands ⅰ-band was observed only in both Sedohadaka (intermediate type) and Wanju (spring type) throughout the ripening period, and j-band was detected in all the three varieties until 33 days after heading, but not in Nonsangwa (winter type) thereafter. In case of 6M urea-7% acrylamide gel z-band was traced only in Nonsangwa, contrary to i-band, throughout the ripening period. U-band was observed in all the three varieties until 23 days after heading, but not in Nonsangwa thereafter. X-band showed opposite from u-band. Throughout the ripening period Sedohadaka was significantly more similar in the electrophoretic patterns to Wanju than to Nonsangwa.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.64-67
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• 1980

Field experiments were conducted to determine the optimum harvesting time and to evaluate the effect of Diquat spray in late seeded sesame, cultivar 'Suweon 9'. Sesame seed yield reached a plateau from Sept. 18 harvest when seed number was maximum. Thousand seed wt. increased to Sept. 29 harvest. As harvesting was delayed moisture content of capsule decreased and capsule dehiscence increased. Capsule dehiscence did not start until its moisture content dropped below 70%. Optimum harvesting might begin from the time which moisture content of capsule dropped below 70%, leaf senescence reached upper node, and 50% of capsules lost green. About 5% increase in seed weight after defoliation was estimated to be translocation from capsule wall. Diquat spray with 0.3% and 0.5% (v/v) solution of commercial Reglone (20%in A.I.) decreased rapidly capsule moisture content and promoted seed shattering. Dehiscence in 90% capsules was noted at seven days after Diquat spray. Diquat spray as a harvest aid could accelerate sesame desiccation up to 2 wks from normal field condition.