• 약학회지
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.232-239
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• 2008

The aim of this study was to evaluate if a composition of herb extracts, PLX-PLS was effective to treat atopic dermatitis (AD) in mice. SPZZC is a composition of herb extracts containing the roots of Scopolia parviflora and Paeonia lactiflora, the herb of Zizania caudiflora, the fruit of Ziziphus jujuba and the leaf of Chinese arborvitae. AD in BALB/c mouse was induced by patching ovoalbumin on the backside, while it in NC/Nga mouse was induced by repeated application of 1-chloro 2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB). Mice were topically treated with SPZZC or Domohorn ointment on the backside for 2 weeks (BALB/c) or 1 week (NC/Nga). Scratching behavior, clinical skin severity and the levels of WBC, neutrophil, eosinophil and total serum IgE were measured. After AD induction, scores of scratching behavior and clinical skin severity and the levels of WBC, neutrophil, eosinophil and total serum IgE were increased. Treatment with SPZZC significantly decreased scores of scratching behavior and clinical skin severity in a dose dependent manner in NC/Nga and BALB/c mice. Treatment with SPZZC 2% significantly decreased also the levels of WBC, neutrophil, eosinophil and total serum IgE. Especially, treatment of SPZZC 2% reduced more rapidly score of clinical skin severity than clobetasol cream. These results suggest that the SPZZC may be an alternative substance for the management of AD.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.145-150
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• 2003

In the intestinal mucosa, mast cells are thought to be responsible for the expulsion of parasites. We investigated the relationship of worm expulsion and mast cells in C3H/HeN and BALB/c mice infected with Echinostoma hortense. In addition, we examined whether the worm recovery rate was associated with the strain of mice, and whether a toluidine stain and immunohistochemistry using the c-kit antibody was effective in the detection of mast cells. In order to investigate the mucosal immune response of C3H/HeN and BALB/c mice, each mouse was infected orally with 30 E. hortense metacercariae. Then, the number of mucosal mast cells and worm recovery rates was observed in experimentally infected mouse strains between 1 week and 8 weeks post infection (PI). Mucosal mast cells were increased in 3 weeks P.I. in C3H/HeN and BALB/c mice. On the other hand, only mucosal goblet cells and worm recovery rates correlated in C3H/HeN mice (P=0.0482). Worm recoveries in C3H/HeN mice were 65.7$\pm$5.6, 53.3$\pm$5.4 and 6.7$\pm$0.6 in week 1, 2, and 3 P.I. and strongly decreased in week 3 P.I. Worm recoveries in BALB/c mice were 23.0$\pm$2.5, 10.0$\pm$1.0, and 6.7$\pm$0.6% in week 1, 2, and 3 P.I. and gradually decreased from week 1 P.I. to week 3 P.I. Worm recoveries in C3H/HeN mice were significantly higher than in BALB/c mice (P<0.00l). The number of mast cells in C3H/HeN and BALB/c mice using the anti-c-kit antibody reached to a peak in week 3 P.I. and recovered as normal level in week 5 P.I. and 6 P.I. The number in E. hortense-infected C3H/HeN mice (P=0.0015) was higher than in E. hortense-infected BALB/c mice (P=0.01) compared with the control group. There were significant differences in the number of mast cells among regions of the intestine in in C3H/HeN mice (P<0.05) but not in BALB/c mice (P>0.05). Immunohistochemistry using the anti-c-kit antibody was significant method as an examination of the number of mast cells (P=0.0002). In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that mast cells play an important role in worm recovery, and immunohistochemistry using the anti-c-kit antibody was superior to toluidine stain as an examination of mast cells.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.253-258
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• 1984

Naegleria fowleri를 마우스 비강을 통하여 감염시킨 뒤 P.A.M. 발생율 및 발병후 생존기간을 마우스 주별 체중별, 성별, 접종아메 바수에 따라 비교하여 다음과 같은 성적을 얻었다. 1. N. fewleri를 감염시킨후 P.A.M. 발생은 ICR마우스보다 BALB/C마우스에서 많았으며 감염후 평균생존기간은 차이가 없었다. 2. 마우스 성별에 따른 N. fowleri감염후 P.A.M.발생율 및 발병후 평균생존기간은 차이가 없었다. 3. 체중이 다른 여러 실험군에서 P.A.M. 발생율 및 사망율은 차이가 없었으나 발병후 마우스의 평균생존 기간은 체중이 가벼운 실험군에서 짧았다. 4. 감염시킨 아메 바수에 따른 P.A.M. 발생율은 영양형 Ix104이상 감염 군에서는 차이가 없었으나 0.5x104인 경우 P.A.M 발생이 현저히 감소하였다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.247-253
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• 2007

Leishmania (L.) tropica is a causative agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis, and occasionally of visceral or viscerotropic leishmaniasis in humans. Murine models of Leishmania infection have been proven to be useful for elucidation of mechanisms for pathogenesis and immunity in leishmaniasis. The aim of this study was to establish a murine model for human viscerotropic leishmaniasis, and the growth pattern of L. tropica was studied in different tissues of BALB/c mice in order to find out whether the parasite visceralizes in this murine model. L. major was used as a control as this species is known to cause a progressive infection in BALB/c mice. L. tropica or L. major was injected into the footpad of mice, and thickness of footpad, parasite loads in different tissues, and the weight of the spleen and lymph node were determined at different intervals. Results showed that L. tropica visceralizes to the spleen and grows there while its growth is controlled in footpad tissues. Dissemination of L. tropica to visceral organs in BALB/c mice was similar to the growth patterns of this parasite in human viscerotropic leishmaniasis. The BALB/c model of L. tropica infection may be considered as a good experimental model for human diseases.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.578-585
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• 1993

This study was performed to investigate effects of low fat diet and saturated fat supplementation on the function of the immune system. Forty male BALB/c mice average-weighing 15g were divided into two dietary groups: 0.7% safflower oil group and 4.3% beef tallow & 0.7% safflower oil group. Results are as follows; 1) Food intake, body weight, organ weight, agglutination test, differential white cell count and histological examination of spleen were not different in two dietary groups during the experimental period. 2) Delayed-type hypersensitive test of the mice fed 4.3% beef tallow & 0.7% safflower oil was significantly higher than that of the mice fed 0.7% safflower oil ($\alpha$=0.05). 3) Plaque forming cell was significantly reduced at 10th week compared to 7th week in both groups($\alpha$=0.05). Although there was no significant difference between two groups. 0.7% safflower oil groups showed slightly higher plaque forming cell than 4.3% beef tallow & 0.7% safflower oil group.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.107-120
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• 1999

The purpose of this Study was to investigate effects of KaegiBokryengHwan(KBH) on anti-tumor, immunocytes and nitric oxide(NO). This Study estimated the proliferation of L1210 cell lines, HeLa cell lines, SK-OV3 cell lines, MCF-7 cell lines, balb/c mouse 3T3 cell lines, mouse thymocytes and mouse splenocytes and NO production from peritoneal macrophages in vitro. and estimated the proliferation of L1210 cells, mouse thymocytes and splenocytes and NO production from peritoneal macrophages and body weight in L1210 cells-transplanted mice in vivo. The result were obtained as follow ; 1. KBH inhibited significantly SK-OV3 cell lines in vitro. 2. KBH was accelerate significantly the proliferation of balb/c mouse thymocytes in vitro. 3. KBH increased significantly NO production from peritoneal macrophages in vitro. 4. KBH didn't effect the cytotoxicity of L1210 cells in L1210 cells-transplanted mice. 5. KBH was accelerate the proliferation of splenocytes in L1210 cells-transplanted mice. 6. KBH increased NO production from peritoneal macrophages in L1210 cells-transplanted mice. 7. KBH increased the body weight as comparing with control group in L1210 cells-transplanted mice.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제58권2호
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• pp.139-143
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• 2015

본 연구는 다양한 효능을 지닌 초과(Amomum tsao-ko Crevost et Lemaire)의 안전한 이용을 위한 독성평가로 식품의약품안전처 고시 제2014-6호 '의약품등의 독성시험기준'에 맞는 독성시험법에 따라 Balb/c mouse를 이용하여 3주간 반복경구투여를 통해 초과의 안전성을 확인하고자 하였다. 3주간 반복 경구투여 후 체중, 장기중량 측정, 혈액분석 및 혈액생화학 검사를 실시하여 안전성을 확인 한 결과, 초과에 의한 특별한 증상이나 체중, 장기중량의 변화는 관찰되지 않았으며, 복대동맥으로부터 채혈한 혈액을 통한 혈구분석결과에서도 대조군과 초과 추출물 투여군 간의 통계적인 유의성을 관찰 할 수 없었다. 또한 혈청을 이용하여 간기능(GOT, GPT, LDH, ALB, TP-S, T-BIL, D-BIL), 신장기능(BUN, CRE), 지질영양 관련(TG), 전해질 관련(I.P) 지표들의 생화학분석을 수행한 결과, 대조군과 유사하게 모두 정상 범위 내의 결과를 나타내었다. 이러한 결과를 통하여 초과 추출물의 최대무독성용량은 최고 투여량인 2000 mg/kg 이상으로 판단되며, 본 연구결과는 초과의 기능성 식품, 화장품, 의약품 등 다양한 소재로서의 활용에 안전성 관련 기초자료로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.168-173
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• 1995

Endosulfan이 흰쥐(Balb/c.) 체내의 cytochrome P-450 효소계에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 endosulfan을 7.5 mg/kg 수준으로 복강주사하였다. Endosulfan을 복강주사 처리하여 48시간 후 적출한 흰쥐의 간에서는 cytochrome P-450 함량이 $3.3{\sim}4.2$배, cytochrome $b_5$ 함량이 $2.3{\sim}3.8$배, NADPH cytochrome P-450 reductase 활성이 $5.3{\sim}6.4$배 그리고 총 haem 함량이 $3.1{\sim}3.6$배씩 대조구의 그것들에 비해 증가하였다. Endosulfan은 대조구 흰쥐 간의 cytochrome P-450 효소계와 상호작용하여 파장 387와 389 nm에서 흡광도의 증가를 보였으며 파장 407 nm에서 넓은 흡수대를 형성하였다. 환원형 P-450-CO spectrum은 대조구의 경우 파장 451 nm에서 흡광도의 극대를 보인 반면 endosulfan으로 처리된 흰쥐 간의 그것은 파장 449와 450 nm에서 흡광도의 극대를 보였다. Endosulfan 처리로 흰쥐 간과 신장의 aldrin epoxidase 활성이 각각 2.8배와 2.1배씩 증가하였으며 7-ethoxyresorufin dealkylase 활성은 각각 1.7배와 1.8배씩 증가하였다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.119-125
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• 2008

Our previous work confirmed that Sph2/LA1029 was a sphigomyelinase-like hemolyisn of Leptospira interrogans serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae serovar Lai. Characteristics of both hemolytic and cytotoxic activities of Sph2 were reported in this paper. Sph2 was a heat-labile neutral hemolysin and had similar hemolytic behavior as the typical sphingomyelinase C of Staphylococcus aureus upon sheep erythrocytes. The cytotoxic activity of Sph2 was shown in mammalian cells such as BALB/C mouse lymphocytes and macrophages, as well as human L-02 liver cells. Transmission electron microscopic observation showed that the Sph2 treated BALB/C mouse lymphocytes were swollen and ruptured with membrane breakage. They also demonstrated condensed chromatin as a high-density area. Cytoskeleton changes were observed via fluorescence confocal microscope in Sph2 treated BALB/C mouse lymphocytes and macrophages, where both cytokine IL-$1{\beta}$ and IL-6 were induced. In addition, typical apoptotic morphological features were observed in Sph2 treated L-02 cells via transmission electron microscope and the percentage of apoptotic cells did increase after the Sph2 treatment detected by flow cytometry. Therefore, Sph2 was likely an apoptosis-inducing factor of human L-02 liver cells.

• 대한바이러스학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.63-69
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• 1998

To establish in vivo antiviral evaluation system by using murine herpesvirus intracerebral infection model, 5-6 female BALB/c mice per group aged 5 weeks were inoculated i.c. into cerebrum with different inocular HSV-1 F. Signs of clinical disease noted everyday for one month. Observed were body weight decrease, neurological signs and death caused by encephalitis. Mice discontinued body weight decrease were recovered from the disease, and keratitis was often observed during recovery. The groups inoculated with higher than 1,000 PFU showed 100% mortaltiy and $LD_{50}$ was <100 PFU/mouse. To study the effect of virus inoculum sizes on antiviral effect of acyclovir (ACV), mice inoculated with different inocula were administered i.p. with different doses of ACV immediately after infection, and twice a day for 5 days. The higher inculum size, the less protective. $ED_{50}$ of ACV was >25, >25, 18.4 and 8.0 mg/kg b.i.d. in the group infected with 1,000,000, 100,000, 10,000 and 1,000 PFU/mouse, respectively. $LD_{50}$ of ACV was 62.5 mg/kg b.i.d. Therapeutic index of ACV was <2.5, <2.5, 3.0 and 7.0 in the groups with inocula 1,000,000, 100,000, 10,000 and 1,000 PFU/mouse, respectively. Inoculum size 1,000 PFU/mouse showing 100% mortaltiy and 5-6 days mean time to death, 5 days drug administration and 14 days observation will be future experimental conditions.