• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.64 no.2
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• pp.71-83
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• 2022

In this study, an indicator and assessment system for evaluating the monthly hydrological cycle was prepared using simple factors such as the landuse status of the watershed and topographic characteristics to the dynamic water balance model (DWBM) based on the Budyko framework. The parameters a1 of DWBM are introduced as hydrologic cycle indicators. An indicator estimation regression model was developed using watershed characteristics data for the introduced indicator, and an assessment system was prepared through K-means cluster analysis. The hydrological cycle assessment system developed in this study can assess the hydrological cycle with simple data such as land use, CN, and watershed slope, so it can quickly assess changes in hydrological cycle factors in the past and present. Because of this advantage is expected that the developed assessment system can predict changes in the hydrological cycle and use an auxiliary tool for policymaking.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.23 no.1_2
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• pp.71-147
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• 2001

The structural balance is obtained by neutralizing the impact of economic cycles on the actual balance. It is often used as an indicator of the long-term stability of government finance and as a measure of fiscal stance. Many countries nowadays produce and report the estimates of their structural balances regularly, and the IMF recently advised the Korean government to adopt this practice for better fiscal transparency. This paper surveys the methodologies employed by the OECD secretariat and the IMF to estimate structural balances and apply them to the Korean data. It then computes the fiscal impulse indicator (FI) and suggests a decomposition of FI into the changes in structural expenditures and revenues. In addition, primary and operational balances are estimated. The estimated series of structural balances, one by the OECD methodology and the other by the IMF, show no sizable difference from each other. These series also follow the actual series of budget balance quite closely. The latter characteristic stems from two factors, namely the rather small GDP gap and the rather small size of the tax revenue as a share of GDP. The impulse indicator estimated for the last three decades indicates that the fiscal stance in Korea contributed to smoothing the economic cycles in about half of the times. In particular, the fiscal tightening in the early 1980s to reduce inflation resulted in a pro-cyclical movement in fiscal stance as did the expansionary policy in the early 1990s. The overall performance, however, is not bad when compared with those of other countries.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.301-309
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• 2020

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of white noise on dynamic balance in patients with stroke during walking. Method: Nineteen patients with chronic stroke (age: 61.2±9.8 years, height: 164.4±7.4 cm, weight: 61.1±9.4 kg, paretic side (R/L): 11/8, duration: 11.6±4.9 years) were included as study participants. Auditory stimulus used white noise, and all participants listened for 40 minutes mixing six types of natural sounds with random sounds. The dynamic balancing ability was evaluated while all participants walked before and after listening to white noise. The variables were the center of pressure (CoP), the center of mass (CoM), CoP-CoM inclined angle. Results: There is a significant increase in the antero-posterior (A-P) CoP range, A-P inclination angle, and gait speed on the paretic and non-paretic sides following white noise intervention (p<.05). Conclusion: Our findings confirmed the positive effect of using white noise as auditory stimulus through a more objective and quantitative assessment using CoP-CoM inclination angle as an evaluation indicator for assessing dynamic balance in patients with chronic stroke. The A-P and M-L inclination angle can be employed as a useful indicator for evaluating other exercise programs and intervention methods for functional enhancement of patients with chronic stroke in terms of their effects on dynamic balance and effectiveness.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.393-398
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• 2000

In this paper, we propose an Intelligent Monitoring Network System(IMNS) for the truck scale balance system. Truck scale balance system consis of three parts; Load cell part, Indicator part, and Junction box part. IMNS is attached to Junction box in truck scale balance system. Even if Load cell have been some problems, a truck scale balance system still has been run to determine, the values involved error. Therefore prosed system is has concentrated on Load cell part. Other Parts have been changed a portion of circuit for monitoring system.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2000.11c
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• pp.41-44
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• 2000

In this paper, we propose an Intelligent Monitoring Network System(IMNS) for The truck scale balance system. Truck scale balance system consis of three parts； Load cell part, Indicator part, and Junction box part. IMNS is attached to Junction box in truck scale balance system. Even if Load cell have been some problems, a truck scale balance system still has been run to determine, the values involved error. therefore prosed system is has concentrated on Load cell part. Other Parts have been changed a portion of circuit for monitoring system.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.50-59
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze the development of regional balance of 16 metropolitan councils in Korea, using an indicator index analysis. In each council, 18 indicators of the year 2015 which reflect regional development have been selected to diagnose the performances of the three sectors: economy, social, and cultural infrastructure. For the index of economic indicators, Gyonggi-do records the highest number of the indicators and followed by Chungnam-do which reaches about 94% of Gyonggi-do. The lowest region is Gwangju Metropolitan City which shows only 57% of Gyonggi-do. In the social sector, Gyonggi-do and Seoul City have high indexes while Gyeongsangbuk-do and Gangwon-do show relatively low indexes. This implies that the national economic and social capitals are concentrated in Gyonggi-do and Seoul City. For the index of cultural infrastructure sector, Jeju-do is the highest council and higher about 58% than that of Gangwon-do which is in the second highest level. In particular, the greatest unbalanced sector among the councils is the cultural infrastructure in which Jeju-do is the five times higher than that of Gyonggi-do and Inchon Metropolitan City. As a result, the cultural infrastructure sectors are particularly concerned in establishing the national policy for the development of regional balance of Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.346-353
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• 1995

The dietary requirement for zinc to maintain optimally the various metabolic and physiological funcitons is still under study. Human beings adapt to reductions in zinc intake by reducing the rate of growth or zinc excretion. Reductions in dietary zinc beyond the capacity to maintain homeostasis lead to utilization of zinc from an exchangeable pool. Loss of a small, critical amount of zinc from this pool leads to both biochemical and clinical signs of zinc deficiency. Zinc requirements have been assessed by balance studies and factorial method. As tissue zinc status influences endogenous losses and the dietary needs, individuls in good status may require higher amounts of zinc than those in poor status. While plasma zinc is insensitive to reducitons in dietary zinc, it is regarded as a valid, useful indicator of the exchangeable pool of zinc. Plasma metallothionein concentrations may prove useful for identifying poor zinc status. It has been suggested that functional end point measurement is the new direciton for zinc requirement. However, determination of the functional response to a marginal zinc intake is difficult because of the lack of a specific, sensitive indicator of zinc status. Presently, no good method for assessment of human zinc requirements exists.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.303-313
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• 2005

Agricultural environmental indicators (AEIs) are useful tool for evaluating environmental performance induced by agri-environmental policy measures. General and specific criteria have been set to assess the linkages between policy measures and environmental states. In addition, a number of specific AEIs such as nutrient balance indicators and farm management indicators have been posit to review environmental performance associated with agri-environmental policy measures. The proposed environmental subjects encompass soil quality, qualities of underground and surface water, water resource preservation, species and genetic diversity, diversity for wildlife habitats, and agricultural landscapes. The developed AEIs may contribute to establishment or adjustment of environmental targets and ex-ante or ex-post evaluation for environmental performance associated with policy measures. In addition, the AEIs may be useful to consider introduction of new agri-environmental measures and enhance policy efficiency by assessing environmental performance, considering specific locality, and harmonizing support measures.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.43-51
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• 2011

Balance is a complex motor skill that depends on interactions between multiple sensorimotor processes and environmental and functional contexts. Many rehabilitation specialists believe that balance assessment under multitask conditions may be a more sensitive indicator of balance problems and falls than balance assessment in a single-task context. Functional Gait Assessment has many tasks that allow for testing under multitask conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine the concurrent validity between the Functional Gait Assessment (FGA), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and Timed "Up & Go" Test (TUG) in patients with stroke. One hundred and five participants with at least 3 months post stroke and able to walk at least 6 m with or without a mono cane, participated in this study. Concurrent validity between the FGA, BBS, and TUG was assessed using Spearman rank order correlation. The FGA correlated with the BBS (r=.80, p<.01) and TUG (r=-.77, p<.01). The good and moderate correlation between the FGA, BBS, and TUG establishes the concurrent validity of the FGA in patients with stroke. These measures provide clinicians with valuable information about patients' functional balance capabilities.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.392-399
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• 2015

Purpose: This study investigated whether the strength imbalance between two muscles can affect the score of EMG based biofeedback game, and whether the EMG based biofeedback game score can be used as predictable indicator of the degree of muscle balance alternating the conventional strength measuring equipment. Methods: 40 participated in this study. Biodex was used to measure the peak torque/weight in order to calculate the muscle strength balance index between plantar flexor and dorsiflexor of ankle joint. And muscle balance index (MBI) was calculated. The EMG biofeedback game scores of dorsiflexor and plantar flexor were acquired, so that the EMG electrodes were attached at tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius. The relationship between the game score and the muscle balance index were analyzed. Results: There was negative correlation between the muscle balance index between plantar flexor and dorsiflexor and the peak torque/weight of plantar flexor (r=-0.70). And there was negative correlation between the muscle balance index between plantar flexor and dorsiflexor and the game score of plantar flexor (r=-0.83). Conclusion: The EMG biofeedback game score had significant relationship with muscle imbalance at ankle joint, so it seems that the game score can be used for predicting the degree of muscle imbalance as a parameter.