• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제87권4호
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• pp.505-513
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• 2024

Background: Clinical data for bacterial coinfection of the lower respiratory tract in patients with nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) are scarce. This study aims to assess the prevalence of bacterial coinfection and clinical features in NTM-PD patients. Methods: This retrospective study screened 248 patients with NTM-PD who underwent bronchoscopy between July 2020 and July 2022, from whom newly diagnosed NTM-PD patients were analyzed. Bacterial culture using bronchial washing fluid was performed at the time of NTM-PD diagnosis. Results: In the 180 patients (median age 65 years; 68% female), Mycobacterium avium complex (86%) was the most frequent NTM isolated. Bacterial coinfections were detected in 80 (44%) patients. Among them, the most common bacterium was Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=25/80, 31.3%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=20/80, 25%) and Staphylococcus aureus (n=20/80, 25%). Compared with NTM-PD patients without bacterial coinfections, patients with bacterial coinfections showed more frequent extensive lung involvement (33% vs. 1%, p<0.001). Additionally, compared with NTM-PD patients without P. aeruginosa infection, those with P. aeruginosa infection were older (74 years vs. 64 years, p=0.001), had more frequent respiratory symptoms (cough/excessive mucus production 70% vs. 38%, p=0.008; dyspnea 30% vs. 13%, p=0.047), and had extensive lung involvement (60% vs. 9%, p<0.001). Conclusion: Less than half of patients with newly diagnosed NTM-PD had bacterial coinfections, linked to extensive lung involvement. Specifically, P. aeruginosa coinfection was significantly associated with older age, more frequent respiratory symptoms, and extensive lung involvement.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.67-71
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• 2022

This report describes a case of coinfection of Sphingomonas paucimobilis meningitis and Listeria monocytogenes bacteremia in a 66-year-old immunocompetent female patient. The patient had undergone traditional procedures, including acupuncture, which possibly caused the coinfection. During treatment with susceptible antibiotics for bacterial meningitis, she developed hydrocephalus on the third day. Consequently, the patient recovered with a mild neurological deficit of grade 4 motor assessment in both upper and lower extremities at discharge. S. paucimobilis and L. monocytogenes are rare pathogens in developed countries, occurring only during environmental outbreaks. S. paucimobilis meningitis is rarely reported. Hence, the various presentations of S. paucimobilis meningitis and the antibiotic regimen for its treatment are hereby reported, in addition to a review of other similar reported cases. This case is a possible traditional procedure-related infection. Appropriate oversight and training should be emphasized regarding preventive measures of this kind of infection. A team approach with neurologists and neurosurgeons is imperative in treating patients with hydrocephalus-complicated meningitis.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.591-601
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• 2012

양식 넙치에 Edwardsiella tarda 또는 Streptococcus iniae를 단독 또는 혼합감염하여 넙치에서 병원성을 비교하였다. 넙치에 단독 또는 혼합감염 후 혈액생화학적 성상으로 alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspatate aminotransferase (AST), glucose 농도, total protein 농도를 조사하였으며, 라이소자임 활성, 신장과 비장 조직 중의 세균수, 조직병리학적 변화와 누적폐사율을 조사하였다. 혼합감염구는 다른 시험구에 비하여 누적폐사율, 신장과 비장 조직 중의 세균수, AST활성과 병리조직학적 변화가 크게 나타났으나, 라이소자임 활성에서는 유의적인 차이가 보이지 않았다. 따라서 E. tarda와 S. iniae의 혼합감염은 신장과 비장 조직 중의 세균수 증가와 내부 장기의 손상으로 숙주에 높은 병원성을 나타낸 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.289-295
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• 2019

Acute diarrhea is a global health problem that causes high morbidity and mortality in children. Notably, enteric pathogen co-infections have been suggested to play an important role in gastroenteritis. In this study, we analyzed 1150 stool specimens of patients who visited the pediatric ward of Dongguk University Hospital in Gyeongju province from January 2011 to December 2017. The average isolation rate of potential stool pathogens over 7 years was 37.3% (429/1150), and coinfections were observed in 51 patients (51/429; 11.9%). In the 51 co-infection cases, the most frequent type of co-infection was found to be that of virus-bacteria (33/51). The most frequently detected bacterial pathogen among the co-infected cases was Clostridium spp. (22/51), out of which Clostridium perfringens was found to be the main pathogen (16/22; 72.7%). Escherichia coli spp. were the second most common bacterial pathogens found in 12 cases (12/51; 23.5%), with 10 cases of E. coli EPEC. Furthermore, the most frequently implicated viral pathogen among the co-infected cases was norovirus (16/51), followed by rotavirus (12/51).

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.187-190
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• 2011

The Thoroughbred horse was an approximately 4-years-old castrated male with highly emaciation, nasal epistaxis and subsequently died. Gross necropsy revealed epistaxis and hyperemia on the lung, multiple hemorrhage in muscle, and liver was focally attached to the peritoneum with fibrin. According to polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Equine herpes virus type 1 and 4 (EHV type 1, 4) was detected in the lung and trachea. In bacterial culture from kidney, liver, spleen, muscle and blood, Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus was isolated. Based on the gross lesion and PCR, this horse was diagnosed as EHV type 1, 4 and S. zooepidemicus coinfection.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.235-243
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• 2017

Salmonella (S.) Typhimurium is highly contagious, and its infection may rapidly spread within pig populations of herd. According to the survey (1,191 pigs) from 2003 to 2012, 155 pigs (13.0%) were diagnosed as salmonellosis in Jeju. Major porcine salmonellosis cases (88.4%) were concentrated in 4- to 12-week-old weaned pigs, but 6 pigs (3.9%) under 4 weeks old were also diagnosed. Based on the histopathologic examinations, ulcerative enteritis (63.9%) in the large intestine and/or paratyphoid nodules formation (57.4%) in the liver were most prevalent lesions in porcine salmonellosis. Single infection of S. Typhimurium and mixed infection with more than 2 pathogens were detected in 38 (24.5%) and 117 (75.5%) in pigs, respectively. Co-infections of Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and Porcine circovirus type 2 were very common in porcine salmonellosis in Jeju and detected in 84 (54.2%) and 59 (38.1%) pigs, respectively. Based on the serotyping tests using 41 bacterial isolates, S. Typhimurium and S. Rissen were confirmed in 39 (95.1%) and 2 (4.9%) cases, respectively.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.15-27
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• 2023

Bordetella (B.) bronchiseptica, Mycoplasma (M.) cynos, and M. canis are the major bacterial pathogens that cause canine infectious respiratory disease complex (CIRDC). In this study, we developed a triplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (tqPCR) assay for the differential detection of these bacteria in a single reaction. The assay specifically amplified three bacterial genes with a detection limit of below 10 copies/reaction. The assay showed high repeatability and reproducibility, with coefficients of intra- and inter-assay variations of less than 1%. The diagnostic results of the assay using 94 clinical samples from household dogs with CIRDC clinical signs, the prevalence of B. bronchiseptica, M. cynos, and M. canis was 22.3%, 18.1%, and 20.2%, respectively, indicating that the diagnostic sensitivity was comparable to those of previously reported qPCR assays. The dual infection rate of B. bronchiseptica and M. cynos, B. bronchiseptica and M. canis, and M. cynos and M. canis was 5.3%, 7.4%, and 3.1%, respectively. Moreover, the triple infection rate of B. bronchiseptica, M. cynos, and M. canis was 2.1%. These results indicate that coinfections with B. bronchiseptica, M. cynos, and M. canis have frequently occurred in the Korean dog population. The newly developed tqPCR assay in the present study will be a useful tool for etiological and epidemiological studies on these three CIRDC-associated bacterial pathogens. The prevalence and coinfection data revealed through this study will contribute to expanding knowledge on the epidemiology of CIRDC in the recent Korean dog population.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.143-146
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• 2017

Porcine ear necrosis syndrome is characterized by erosive and ulcerative lesions at the margin or tip of the pinna. Three growing pigs of different ages exhibited retarded growth accompanied by reddening and necrosis of ear prior to death. Gross examination showed reddening, swelling, black discoloration, scaling, and variable-sized yellowish materials and edema in ear cross section. Microscopically, thrombosis, abscess, ulceration, epidermal hyperplasia, and dermal pyogranulomatous inflammation with an intralesional bacterial colony were observed. Staphylococcus hyicus was isolated in all pigs' ears and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus was detected by PCR and immunohistochemistry.