• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.223-229
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• 2015

This paper proposes a novel method for detection of hand raising poses from images acquired from a single camera attached to a mobile robot that navigates unknown dynamic environments. Due to unconstrained illumination, a high level of variance in human appearances and unpredictable backgrounds, detecting hand raising gestures from an image acquired from a camera attached to a mobile robot is very challenging. The proposed method first detects faces to determine the region of interest (ROI), and in this ROI, we detect hands by using a HOG-based hand detector. By using the color distribution of the face region, we evaluate each candidate in the detected hand region. To deal with cases of failure in face detection, we also use a HOG-based hand raising pose detector. Unlike other hand raising pose detector systems, we evaluate our algorithm with images acquired from the camera and images obtained from the Internet that contain unknown backgrounds and unconstrained illumination. The level of variance in hand raising poses in these images is very high. Our experiment results show that the proposed method robustly detects hand raising poses in complex backgrounds and unknown lighting conditions.

• 대한수학교육학회지:학교수학
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.533-550
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• 2013

교사가 어느 수준의 mathematical knowledge for teaching (MKT)를 가지고 있는가는 학생의 수학 성취도에 강력한 영향을 준다 (Hill, Rowan, & Ball, 2005). 그러나 학교나 지역 교육청이 교사의 MKT 수준에 대한 정보를 가지고 있지 않으므로, 어떤 교사들에게 MKT를 증진시킬 수 있는 기회와 재원을 줄 것인지 결정하기는 쉽지 않다. 본 연구는 교사들의 어떤 특징이 그들의 MKT 수준과 관련이 있는가를 탐구한다. 본 논문은 336명의 초등학교 교사들의 MKT와 그들의 인구학적 그리고 교육적 배경 및 교수 경험과의 관련성을 분석했다. 특히, 교사의 MKT를 측정하기 위해 본 연구는 객관식 평가 문항을 이용했다. 결국, 교수경력은 MKT 측정과 아무런 영향이 없음이 밝혀졌다. 본 연구의 결과와 관련하여 수학 교사 교육을 위한 정책에 대한 논의로 본 고를 마친다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.17-34
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• 2022

For steel structures, fatigue cracks are critical damage induced by long-term cycle loading and distortion effects. Vision-based crack detection can be a solution to ensure structural integrity and performance by continuous monitoring and non-destructive assessment. A critical issue is to distinguish cracks from other features in captured images which possibly consist of complex backgrounds such as handwritings and marks, which were made to record crack patterns and lengths during periodic visual inspections. This study presents a parametric study on image-based crack identification for orthotropic steel bridge decks using captured images with complicated backgrounds. Firstly, a framework for vision-based crack segmentation using the atrous convolution-based Deeplapv3+ network (ACDN) is designed. Secondly, features on crack images are labeled to build three databanks by consideration of objects in the backgrounds. Thirdly, evaluation metrics computed from the trained ACDN models are utilized to evaluate the effects of obstacles on crack detection results. Finally, various training parameters, including image sizes, hyper-parameters, and the number of training images, are optimized for the ACDN model of crack detection. The result demonstrated that fatigue cracks could be identified by the trained ACDN models, and the accuracy of the crack-detection result was improved by optimizing the training parameters. It enables the applicability of the vision-based technique for early detecting tiny fatigue cracks in steel structures.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.361-374
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• 2016

본 연구는 다문화가정 학습부진학생의 기초학력 지원 방안 마련을 위한 기초 연구에 해당된다. 이를 위해 전국의 200개 초등학교에 재학 중인 1,147명의 다문화가정 학생과 전국의 320개 중학교에 재학 중인 3,760명의 다문화가정 학생을 대상으로 기초 설문 조사를 실시하였다. 다문화가정 학생에 대한 문헌 연구를 바탕으로 이들의 학습부진에 영향을 주는 요인을 파악한 후 이를 '학습 일반'과 '학습 환경'으로 나누어 설문 문항에 반영하였다. 문항 타당도 검증을 거친 뒤 2013년과 2014년에 걸쳐 실시한 설문 조사 결과를 바탕으로 다문화가정 학생의 '학습부진', '학교 급(초등학교 중학교)', '출생지' 여부에 따른 집단 간 차이를 살펴보았다. '학습부진' 변인과 관련하여 초등학교 및 중학교 다문화가정 학생 모두 학습 동기, 학습 전략, 학습지원에 대한 거의 모든 문항에 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 학습 환경 중 초등학교 다문화가정 학습부진학생에게 부모 나라의 문화에 대한 이해가, 중학교의 경우 사회적 관계가 주요한 변수로 나타났다. '학교 급' 변인과 관련하여 초등학생이 중학생에 비해 학습 동기 측면에서 긍정적이며 교사 및 교우와의 학습 또한 더 좋아하는 것으로 나타났다. 한편 초등학생은 교사의 학습 지원을 중학생은 교우의 학습 지원을 더 높게 인식하고 있었다. '출생지' 변인과 관련하여 국내 출생 다문화가정 학생에 비해 중도 입국 다문화가정학생에게 보다 면밀한 언어적, 정서적 지원이 필수적이며, 부모 나라의 문화를 경험할 수 있는 교육적 기회를 균형감 있게 제공할 필요가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 조사 결과를 바탕으로 초등학교 및 중학교 다문화가정 학생들의 기초학력 향상을 위한 교육 지원 방향을 제언하였다.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국원자력학회 2004년도 추계학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.1093-1093
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• 2004

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.746-754
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• 2008

This paper proposes a method to detect calibration patterns for accurate camera calibration under complicated backgrounds and uneven lighting conditions of industrial fields. Required to measure object dimensions, the preprocessing of camera calibration must be able to extract calibration points from a calibration pattern. However, industrial fields for visual inspection rarely provide the proper lighting conditions for camera calibration of a measurement system. In this paper, a probabilistic criterion is proposed to detect a local set of calibration points, which would guide the extraction of other calibration points in a cluttered background under irregular lighting conditions. If only a local part of the calibration pattern can be seen, input data can be extracted for camera calibration. In an experiment using real images, we verified that the method can be applied to camera calibration for poor quality images obtained under uneven illumination and cluttered background.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제21권B호
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• pp.117-123
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• 2001

In a modern control field, a control engineer who has theoretical backgrounds with some practical knowledge is demanded. That is to say, an engineer who can understand and operate the various parts such as modeling, simulation, system analysis, signal processing, statistics, and hardware is required. In order to prove the theoretical backgrounds and operate various hardwares, a lot of experimental devices for students are designed in universities. Since the conventional experimental devices are manufactured abroad and the prices of the devices are too high, it is difficult to have. If a low cost experimental device can be developed, it will be very useful for a control engineering education. In Ibis paper, an experimental rig which has two control inputs and three sensor outputs to control the end point of a flexible beam is designed and manufactured. This rig can be used for a control field education.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.61-71
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to present a contents production process for costume design analysis by take advantage of the image media of Chinese historical backgrounds. The production process of contents for lectures on fashion design analysis can be summarized as follows: The contents for the design analysis of Chinese costumes can be divided into major media and supplementary media. Major media can be completed through the processes including the selection of Chinese historical backgrounds. images and media (video, DVD title or VOD), verification of image capture parts, image captures, and applications of PPT files. Supplementary media consist of production of analysis materials for each item and TPO, report preparation methods and discussions, and printed matters to be used at the stage of image comparison and verification. This way, a process applicable to the design analysis of Chinese costumes can be presented.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.69-75
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• 2004

Since 1990s, several rising western architects have been moving their theoretical background from the modern paradigm to new science and philosophy. Architectural spaces are based on the philosophy and science of their own age and the architectural theories made by them. And specially, it seems that topological spaces are different to theoretical backgrounds from idealized spaces of modern architecture. From these backgrounds, this study was performed to search for the spacial relationship and characteristics shown in the recently folding architecture and the results of this study that starts this purpose are as follows. First, the architecture that introduced by the theory of topology has appeared as the circulation forms like as Mobius band or Klein bottle, and was made the space fused with structure pursuing liquid properties of matter. As follows, second, the concept of topological space made the division of traditional concept of floor, wall, ceiling disappeared and had built up the space by continual transformation. Third, about the relationship between two spaces in topological space, the two spaces were happened by transformation of these and they have always continuity and the same quality.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2014

Luoyang Qielanji(洛陽伽藍記) is a document that describes Buddhist Temples in Luoyang, the capital of Northern Wei Dynasty. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the construction backgrounds, architectural elements and layout characteristics of Luoyang Temples in Northern Wei Dynasty. The results are as follows: The construction backgrounds of Luoyang Temples can be categorized into two types: the established-temple (創建型) and the converted-temple(捨宅爲寺型). The layout systems of Luoyang Temples can also be categorized into two main types: The front Pagoda-rear Buddhist Hall layout(前塔後殿), The front Buddhist Hall-rear Lecture Hall layout(前殿後堂). In Luoyang Temples, the pagoda was still an important element of the layout.