• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.367-376
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• 2005

The smooth handoff supported by the route optimization extension to the mobile IP standard protocol should support a packet buffering mechanism at the base station (BS), in order to reduce the degradation in TCP performance caused by packet losses within mobile network environments. The purpose of packet buffering at the BS is to recover the packets dropped during intersubnetwork handoff by forwarding the packets buffered at the previous BS to the new BS. However, when the mobile host moves to a congested BS within a new foreign subnetwork, the buffered packets forwarded by the previous BS are likely to be dropped. This subsequently causes global synchronization to occur, resulting in the degradation of the wireless link in the congested BS, due to the increased congestion caused by the forwarded burst packets. Thus, in this paper, we propose an implicit priority forwarding (IPF) packet buffering scheme as a solution to this problem within mobile IP based networks. In the proposed IPF method, the previous BS implicitly marks the priority packets being used for inter-subnetwork handoff. Moreover, the proposed modified random early detection (M-RED) buffer at the new congested BS guarantees some degree of reliability to the priority packets. The simulation results show that the proposed IPF packet buffering scheme increases the wireless link utilization and, thus, it enhances the TCP throughput performance in the context of various intersubnetwork handoff cases.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.98-104
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• 2012

We consider the optimum power allocation problem for downlink system throughput maximization in a 2 time slotted relay interference channel. Base station (BS) transmits power to Mobile Station (MS) and Relay Station (RS) in time slot 1 (orthogonal channel). In time slot 2, BS and RS transmit power to each MS, while causing cochannel interference to each other. The obtained optimum power allocation scheme allows simultaneous transmissions of BS and RS when the interference level in time slot 2 is low. However, when the interference level is high, RS shuts down its power. Numerical results are provided to support our analysis.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.558-568
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose an efficient macrodiversity handover (MDHO) technique for time-division-based interference-limited IEEE 802.16j multihop wireless relay networks. In the proposed MDHO, when the diversity set members of the mobile station (MS) are a base station (BS) and relay station (RS), the MS receives the signal transmitted by the BS in the first phase. During the second phase, it also receives the simultaneous transmissions of the BS and RS. Furthermore, when the diversity set members are two RSs or two BSs, the MS receives only the simultaneous transmissions of the diversity set members. The superiority of the proposed MDHO is validated using analytical and simulation results. The performance analysis metrics are the average downlink (DL) carrier to interference and noise ratio (CINR), the average DL spectral efficiency, and the average service outage probability. Evaluation results show that the proposed MDHO significantly outperforms the conventional MDHO. The CINR gain achieved using the proposed MDHO is 4.71 dB compared to the conventional MDHO.

• 한국정보통신설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.08a
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• pp.185-190
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• 2007

This article describes a development CDMA LBS in order to apply to "Control System of Underground Infrastructure Fire Accident" which one of U-City Projects of Seoul City. Our goal guides taking shelter of the sufferer it will not be able to use a GPS when the fire occurs from subway station. There are Location measurement methods which measures the AOA(Angle of Arrival) of the signal which it sends with the MS(Mobile station) from the BS(Base station), an electronic delivery time (TOA:Time of Arrival) and the relative difference of electronic arrival time from Base stations (TDOA:Time Difference of Arrival). This time the error due to a multiplex course error and near-far problem and NLOS(Non Line of Sight). We are planning to construct the Test Bed which is an error below 1 meter.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.471-479
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• 2012

In cellular femto systems, femto Base stations(f-BSs) can be installed unnecessarily and overcrowded in small areas. This will cause an interference problem and it can impact on the capacity, blocking probability, and coverage of femtocells in the shared channel systems. In this paper, we propose a load distribution scheme by using forced handover and probabilistic subchannel scheduling policy to resolve the problem. The proposed scheme operates in distributed manner though communication with neighboring f-BSs, and includes self-detection of overcrowded area and radio resource management based on measurements. We evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme in terms of average cell throughput and average throughput per users.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.925-928
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• 2010

Wireless sensor networks are composed of a large number of sensor nodes with limited energy resources. One critical issue in wireless sensor networks is how to gather sensed information in an energy efficient way since the energy is limited. The clustering algorithm is a technique used to reduce energy consumption. It can improve the scalability and lifetime of wireless sensor network. In this paper, we introduce a clustering protocol with mode selection (CPMS) for wireless sensor networks. Our scheme improves the performance of BCDCP (Base Station Controlled Dynamic Clustering Protocol) and BIDRP (Base Station Initiated Dynamic Routing Protocol) routing protocol. In CPMS, the base station constructs clusters and makes the head node with highest residual energy send data to base station. Furthermore, we can save the energy of head nodes using modes selection method. The simulation results show that CPMS achieves longer lifetime and more data messages transmissions than current important clustering protocol in wireless sensor networks.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.33 no.6B
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• pp.403-410
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• 2008

In this paper, we investigate the performance of MMR system in Non-transparent mode. The IEEE 802.16j MMR system has two node of operation, Single-frame (in band) and Multi-frame (out band) mode. In the analysis, we assume that channel interference between MR-BS and RS, or between RSs anywhere in the given area is ignored. The performance is presented in terms of the delay and the frame efficiency by varying number of RS and BS coverage to RS coverage ratio and the maximum coverage area of a BS by varying traffic density. Analytical results show that the Single-frame is more efficient than Multi-frame in frame efficiency and coverage extension.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.65-73
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• 2004

The capability to provide the network service must survive even if a significant network system element is disrupted. To sustain the network service under the system failure, network survivability mechanisms minimizing the impact of failures are needed. Also, since the mobile network has its unique characteristic, the survivability scheme for the vulnerability of the mobile network is required. This paper proposes a survivability scheme to support the reliable service of the wireless access point level (BS-base station system). By the survivability scheme, the mobile network can use an overlap BS of the cellular network architecture after a BS system failure. We analyze the performance of the proposed scheme using Markov model. Also, a computer simulation is used for the scheme analysis. The proposed scheme shows that the service of the mobile network can be provided under the BS system failure.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.33-42
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• 2005

One of the imminent problems to be solved within wireless sensor network is to balance out energy dissipation among deployed sensor nodes. In this paper, we present a transmission relay method of communications between BS (Base Station) and CHs (Cluster Heads) for balancing the energy consumption and extending the average lifetime of sensor nodes by the fuzzy logic application. The proposed method is designed based on LEACH protocol. The area deployed by sensor nodes is divided into two groups based on distance from BS to the nodes. RCH (Relay Cluster Head) relays transmissions from CH to BS if the CH is in the area far away from BS in order to reduce the energy consumption. RCH decides whether to relay the transmissions based on the threshold distance value that is obtained as a output of fuzzy logic system, Our simulation result shows that the application of fuzzy logic provides the better balancing of energy depletion and prolonged lifetime of the nodes.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Simulation Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.5-9
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• 2005

One of the imminent problems to be solved within wireless sensor network is to balance out energy dissipation among deployed sensor nodes. In this paper, we present a transmission relay method of communications between BS (Base Station) and CHs (Cluster Heads) for balancing the energy consumption and extending the average lifetime of sensor nodes by the fuzzy logic application. The proposed method is designed based on LEACH protocol. The area deployed by sensor nodes is divided into two groups based on distance from BS to the nodes. RCH (Relay Cluster Head) relays transmissions from CH to BS if the CH is in the area far away from BS in order to reduce the energy consumption. RCH decides whether to relay the transmissions based on the threshold distance value that is obtained as a output of fuzzy logic system. Our simulation result shows that the application of fuzzy logic Provides the better balancing of energy depletion and Prolonged lifetime of the nodes.