• Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 1996.10a
• /
• pp.18-21
• /
• 1996

Virus and DNA removal in bio-drug manufacturing processes has received a great deal of attention in recent years. Removing of a virus using a membrane process is a promising method, because inactivated virus can be removed from the bio-drug and the process can be used as an additional and security inactivation after the method of general heat-inactivation of the virus in the bio-drug. The FDA and the biopharmaceutical industry have recently announced strict guidelines for impurities of virus and DNA contamination. The regulatory guidelines on residual amounts of DNA in mammalian cell culture products require DNA contamination of less than 100 pg/dose. Therefore, permeation and rejection of DNA through the porous membranes have become important in the application of DNA removal in bio-drug manufacturing using membrane technology. In this study, the permeation of DNA and chromatin through regenerated cellulose hollow fibers that have a mean pore diameter of 15 nm was investigated.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.84-93
• /
• 2017

This study was carried out to improve the electric power consumption of HVAC in the blow mold machine(BMM) and work environment. The experiment was conducted with the simulated HVAC system of 1/15 of the actual BMM. The temperature of main facility and two preheaters was fixed at 200 and $60^{\circ}C$ respectively in all test conditions. The measured points of temperature were chosen as critical locations considering the work environment. The tendency of temperature distributions decreases as the duct was closed to the main facility. The reduction rate of power consumption of HVAC increases up to 32.3% when both duct and cooling systems are operated. Also the efficiency of HVAC is improved about 9% through the modified design of duct system. It notes that the electric power consumption of HVAC can be reduced by the optimum design and operating condition of duct and cooling system.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.27 no.10
• /
• pp.175-184
• /
• 2022

This study was conducted to analyze the effect of dance exercise in Aqua(AZ) and Land(ZG) environments on bone metabolism marker(BMM) and bone mineral density(BMD) and to suggested an effective exercise method to prevent osteoporosis and osteopenia. The subjects of the study were randomly assigned to an aqua zumba group (AZG, n=11), a zumba gold group (ZGG, n=13), and a control group (CG, n=12) for elderly women over 70 years age and 12 weeks, dance exercises were conducted twice time a week for 60 minutes. As a result of this study, OC was AZG(P<.001) and ZGG(P<.05), and IGF-1 was significantly increased in AZG(P<.01). However, there was no significant difference in DPD, BMD, and T-score. Therefore, dance (Zumba) exercise in Aqua and Land has positive effects on BMM and BMD in elderly women, so it is suggested as an effective intervention method to delay osteoporosis and osteopenia.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2013.10a
• /
• pp.553-555
• /
• 2013

Game Rating Board(GRB) of Korea set up in 29 October, 2006 has been 7th years and it will disappear in 23 November, 2013. For the first time the 'GRB' of Korea has the goal which held the nonofficial transfer of rating classification for game. But it had the justification which become more distant from the nonofficial transfer due to the affairs of 'See Story' in August, 2006. As a result, because of rapid normalization of game rating rather than the systematic transfer from 'Video Rating Board' of Korea cause no preparation of scientific professional rating review. It showed the entry-level appearance though stressing profession from the beginning of setup. Specially more transaction expense were increased because of no consistency and predictability for game review. However, it could be overcome by preparation for definite global standard and scientific rating system. Consequently technological possibility of BMM Korea based on 'Gaming Laboratory Institute(GLI)' standard expected to be alternative in the technical review of the adult arcade game.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
• /
• s.33
• /
• pp.551-578
• /
• 2013

Since October 2006, number of deliberations of arcade game in Game Rating Board (GRB) annually was more than 1,000 cases except 2007 and 2010. However, these cases excessively handle to deliberate the game rating. Especially, the rating is manually performed thus, hindering the consistency and objectivity of the deliberation. To resolve this problems, we think that the automation of technical deliberation is necessary for arcade game which is needed to have much time for deliberation. The purpose of this study is to identify what the possibility part of automation or what obviously part of automation in the deliberation of game rating. To achieve our research purposes, we conducted in-depth interview with GLI standardization expert in BMM Korea and person in charge for deliberation in game rating board. The interview results show that 12 standardization and 14 automation factors for deliberation in game rating of arcade game. This study will expect bases in game development and promotion in game industry.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.549-561
• /
• 2022

In the Khmer writing system, the Khmer script is the official letter of Cambodia, written from left to right without a space separator; it is complicated and requires more analysis studies. Without clear standard guidelines, a space separator in the Khmer language is used inconsistently and informally to separate words in sentences. Therefore, a segmented method should be discussed with the combination of the future Khmer natural language processing (NLP) to define the appropriate rule for Khmer sentences. The critical process in NLP with the capability of extensive data language analysis necessitates applying in this scenario. One of the essential components in Khmer language processing is how to split the word into a series of sentences and count the words used in the sentences. Currently, Microsoft Word cannot count Khmer words correctly. So, this study presents a systematic library to segment Khmer phrases using the bi-directional maximal matching (BiMM) method to address these problematic constraints. In the BiMM algorithm, the paper focuses on the Bidirectional implementation of forward maximal matching (FMM) and backward maximal matching (BMM) to improve word segmentation accuracy. A digital or prefix tree of data structure algorithm, also known as a trie, enhances the segmentation accuracy procedure by finding the children of each word parent node. The accuracy of BiMM is higher than using FMM or BMM independently; moreover, the proposed approach improves dictionary structures and reduces the number of errors. The result of this study can reduce the error by 8.57% compared to FMM and BFF algorithms with 94,807 Khmer words.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.49 no.1
• /
• pp.95-98
• /
• 2013

Following construction of expression vectors in Escherichia coli, a new procedure involving two-step column purifications with a Fast Performance Liquid Chromatography System was developed for purification of the oxygenase component of alkylphenol hydroxylase of Pseudomonas alkylphenolia. From 50 g wet cake of recombinant E. coli BL21(DE3)(pJJPMO2) cells, 110 mg of pure protein in a heterodimeric form containing a stoichiometric amount of iron were obtained and it exhibited a specific activity of 147 nmole/min/mg.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.54 no.6
• /
• pp.461-465
• /
• 2010

We investigated the role of L-type $Ca^{2+}$ channel in receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast formation. BayK 8644, a L-type $Ca^{2+}$ channel agonist, was shown to increase the RANKLinduced osteoclastogenesis and actin ring formation in mouse bone marrow-dereived macrophage (BMM) culture system. BayK 8644 stimulated RANKL-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 MAP kinase (MAPK) activation, which leads to increased nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT)c1 expression. Taken together, these data indicate that L-type $Ca^{2+}$ channel regulates osteoclast formation possibly through ERK- and p38-mediated NFATc1 expression.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2022.05a
• /
• pp.432-432
• /
• 2022

하천의 하상재료는 토양 유실량 및 유사량 산정, 유사이송, 하상변동, 하천환경 등 여러 분야에 영향을 미친다. 하상재료는 강수 및 유량 등 여러특성들의 상호작용으로 인해 지속적으로 변화하며, 하천 분야의 각종 해석 및 영향 평가 등에 이용되는 활용성을 감안하여 하상재료는 체계적인 관리시스템이 필요하다고 판단된다. 효율적인 하상재료 관리를 위하여 한국수자원조사기술에서 수행한 하천유역조사, 유사량조사, 하도변화 모니터링 사업을 통해 수집된 자료를 활용하였다. 국내 109개 하천(한강권역 39개 하천, 낙동강권역 23개 하천, 금강 34개 하천, 섬진강 5개 하천, 영산강 8개 하천)에 대한 자료를 수집하고 분석하여 하상재료관리시스템(Bed Material Management System, BMMS)을 구축하였다. BMMS는 GIS 기반으로 구축된 시스템으로 관리, 표출 및 분석이 가능하며 하상재료의 위치정보, 하상재료 성분비 및 유효경 등 총 11개로 구성되어 있다. 하상재료조사는 시료채취 방법과 표층조사 방법으로 조사하였으며, 시료채취는 체가름 시험과 비중 시험을 이용하였고 표층조사는 BASEGRAIN 프로그램을 이용한 표층 영상분석을 통해 입도분포, 입경가적곡선 등을 나타내었다. 향후 이용자의 편의성을 위한 방안을 모색 중에 있으며, 하천별 하상재료 분석자료를 정기적으로 축척하여 국내 하천의 지역적 특성을 고려한 매개변수 산정 및 최적화에 도움이 될 것이라 판단된다.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
• /
• v.41 no.3
• /
• pp.67-77
• /
• 2004

The recent research has been focused on fusion of audio and visual features for reliable speech recognition in noisy environments. In this paper, we propose a neural network based model of robust speech recognition by integrating audio, visual, and contextual information. Bimodal Neural Network(BMNN) is a multi-layer perception of 4 layers, each of which performs a certain level of abstraction of input features. In BMNN the third layer combines audio md visual features of speech to compensate loss of audio information caused by noise. In order to improve the accuracy of speech recognition in noisy environments, we also propose a post-processing based on contextual information which are sequential patterns of words spoken by a user. Our experimental results show that our model outperforms any single mode models. Particularly, when we use the contextual information, we can obtain over 90% recognition accuracy even in noisy environments, which is a significant improvement compared with the state of art in speech recognition. Our research demonstrates that diverse sources of information need to be integrated to improve the accuracy of speech recognition particularly in noisy environments.