• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.227-234
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• 2012

Objectives: The object of this study was to determine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and early menarche in adolescent girls in Seoul. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted with 144 middle school students in Seoul who provided informed consent. We measured their body composition, and used the questionnaire survey method for data collection from November to December 2008. Past elemental body composition data were collected from elementary school health records of first year of middle school. Results: The early menarcheal group was taller and heavier than the late menarcheal group (p<0.05 from 8-12 years old). The body fat percentage (%), BMI were higher in the early menarcheal girls than the late-menarcheal girls (p<0.05, age at 13). In the result of multiple logistic regression, the BMI at the age of 8 and 9 was associated with early menarche after adjusting for birth weight, breast feeding and age at menarche of the mother (BMI at the age of 8: p for trend=0.01, BMI at the age of 9: p for trend=0.04). An increase in BMI from 7 to 8 year was associated with early menarche after adjusting for birth weight, breast feeding, age at menarche of the mother (p for trend=0.048). Conclusions: The BMI at the age of 8 and 9 was associated with the early menarche of girls and increase in BMI from 7 to 8 year was associated with the early menarche of girls. These results suggest that BMI and increase in BMI before menarche cause early menarche. Although this study does not represent all Korean adolescent girls, it is one of the few studies that have investigated the temporal relationship between BMI and early menarche.

• Gut and Liver
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.633-640
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• 2018

Background/Aims: Obesity is a risk factor for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), with several studies demonstrating positive associations between body mass index (BMI) and GERD symptoms. However, little is known about the effect of BMI changes on erosive esophagitis (EE). In this study, we investigated whether BMI reduction could resolve EE. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed to assess the natural course of EE according to changes in BMI. Participants undergoing health check-ups from 2006 to 2012 were enrolled, and 1,126 subjects with EE were included. The degree of esophagitis was measured by upper endoscopy and serially checked over a 5-year follow-up. Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models were used to investigate the association between BMI reduction and EE resolution. Results: Substantial weight loss is associated with EE resolution. The adjusted odds ratio for EE resolution was 1.44 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09 to 1.92) among participants with a decrease in BMI compared to those with no decrease in BMI. The EE resolution rate was related to the degree of BMI reduction. The effect of weight loss on EE resolution was higher among subjects who lost more weight. Compared with subjects with no decrease in BMI, the hazard ratios for EE resolution were 1.09 (95% CI, 0.89 to 1.35), 1.31 (95% CI, 1.01 to 1.72) and 2.12 (95% CI, 1.44 to 3.12) in subjects with BMI reductions of ${\leq}1$, 1-2, and >$2kg/m^2$, respectively. Conclusions: EE resolution is associated with a decrease in BMI, and weight loss is potentially an effective GERD treatment.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.147-153
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between body mass index (BMI) and severe lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in Korean males. Methods: This study was conducted on males aged ${\geq}50years$ who participated in the 2011 Korean Community Health Survey. LUTS severity was assessed using the Korean version of the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) questionnaire, and was dichotomized as severe (IPSS >19) and non-severe ($IPSS{\leq}19$). BMI was divided into 6 categories: <18.5, 18.5-22.9, 23.0-24.9, 25.0-27.4, 27.5-29.9, and ${\geq}30.0kg/m^2$. To evaluate the relationship between BMI and LUTS, a survey-weighted multivariate Poisson regression analysis was performed to estimate prevalence rate ratios (PRRs). Age, smoking status, alcohol intake, physical activity, educational level, household income, and comorbidities were adjusted for in the multivariate model. Results: A U-shaped relationship was detected between BMI and severe LUTS. Compared with a BMI of $23.0-24.9kg/m^2$, the PRR for a BMI < $18.5kg/m^2$ was 1.65 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.35 to 2.02), that for a BMI of $18.5-22.9kg/m^2$ was 1.25 (95% CI, 1.09 to 1.44), that for a BMI of $25.0-27.4kg/m^2$ was 1.20 (95% CI, 1.00 to 1.45), that for a BMI of $27.5-29.9kg/m^2$ was 1.11 (95% CI, 0.83 to 1.47), and that for a BMI ${\geq}30.0kg/m^2$ was 1.85 (95% CI, 1.18 to 2.88). Conclusions: This study showed that both high and low BMI were associated with severe LUTS.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.231-236
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between craniovertebral angle(CVA), age, and body mass index(BMI) in middle-aged people in their 40s and 50s. The forward head posture(FHP) was measured using a posture measuring device using a 3D sensor for 456 healthy men and women. As a result of the study, the middle-aged CVA had a high level of negative correlation with age (r=-.937; p<.01) and a very low level of positive correlation with BMI (r=.071). CVA of middle-aged men had a high negative correlation with age (r=-.932; p<.01) and a very low positive correlation with BMI. There was a correlation (r=.056), whereas, for middle-aged women, there was a high level of negative correlation (r=.939, p<.01) only with age, but had a weak (low level of negative) correlation with BMI. This study suggests that CVA has a significant negative correlation with age in both males and females however, has a weak relationship with BMI.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.430-436
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• 1999

This study investigated the correlations among nutrient intakes, and immune status in Korean young women in relation to body mass index(BMI). Subjects were classified as underweight, normal or overweight, with anthropometric measurements of these three groups significatly different in terms of weight, body fat, waist measurement, hip measurement, waist/hip ratio(WHR), and skindfold thickness(p<0.001). Average vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, calcium and zinc levles were lower than the Korean RDA. Vitamin A levels were found to be significantly correlated with BMI(p<0.05). There was no significant difference in total T and B lymphocytes or IgG, IgG, and IgM levels with respect to BMI, but Natural Killer(NK) cell levels were found significantly increased with increased BMI(p<0.05). BMI was also positively correlated with iron intake and negatively correlated with vitamin A intake in the normal group. Based upon this study, further research on nutritional, immune and trace-mineral status of overweight and underweight young women is required for better health promotion in this female populaton.

• Korean Journal of Exercise Nutrition
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.81-86
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors associated with child's Body Mass Index (BMI) and physical activity. The participants (n = 133) were Korean juveniles (3^rd and 4^th graders) and their parents. They completed a questionnaire packet including the SPARK (Sports, Play, and Active Recreation for Kids) survey and the parent equivalent survey. Correlation, multiple linear regression and binary logistic regression analyses were applied to identify the association between child's BMI and 10 factors of SPARK as predict or variables. 25.6% of the participants were classified as overweight (21.1%) or obesity (4.5%). 3 parental factors including mother's BMI and frequency of mother's and father's physical activity were identified as significant predictors of children's BMI. The 10 variables accounted for 28% of the variance (p<.01) in the linear regression model. These results provide insight into parental factors which are related to a child's BMI and physical activity. Parental role modeling which refers to parents' efforts to model an active lifestyle for children plays an important role.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.53 no.12
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• pp.147-151
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• 2016

Automatic exposure control (AEC) is frequently used in many hospitals for Standing Whole Spine examination which is able to control radiation dose with respect to the body type such as body mass index (BMI) and we can measure dose area product (DAP) based on respective patient information. However, few studies have been conducted organ absorbed dose evaluation based on location of patient organ. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationships between BMI and organ absorbed dose along with location of patient organ. For that purpose, we calculated absorbed dose with selected 5 patient organ (thyroid, breast, heart, kidney, and pancreas) using a PCXMC simulation tool with measured DAP. According to the results, measured DAP increases with BMI and organ absorbed dose decreases with BMI in anterior organs such as thyroid, breast, and heart. On the other hand, there is no correlation between organ absorbed dose and BMI in posterior organs such as kidney and pancreas. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that the radiation effects are different with respect to BMI and location of patient organ in Standing Whole Spine examination.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.3353-3360
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• 2015

This study was conducted to identify the BMI of enlisted soldiers, to understand the difference between their BMI and that of other men in their age group, and to identify the influence factors of enlisted soldiers' BMI change. The survey has been conducted self-evaluation questionnaire from 23 Feb. 2009 to 31 Mar. 2009 from 4 different forces as methods. Independent-sample T-test, chi-square test and multiple linear regression analysis were used for statistical analysis from 301 collected data. As a result of surveying enlisted soldiers' BMI, their obesity rate 18.6% was lower than 22.1% of other men in their age group. In terms of health behavior, the underweight&normal weight group(2.39) showed higher diet score than the overweight group(2.13), showing that the underweight&normal weight group ate relatively slowly, less spicy and less sweet food compared to the overweight group. The overweight group(2.25) showed lower satisfaction with their body type than the underweight&normal weight group(2.98), while the overweight group(4.01) showed a significantly higher score than the underweight&normal weight group(3.37) for weight control activity. The influence factors of BMI change were diet habit, subjective perception of body type, and weight control activity. In order to improve of enlisted soldiers' BMI, it would be necessary to improve the food service and the snack bars for interventional control of food that influence obesity, rather than personal effort, in addition, education for right body-shape perception and encouraging on weight control activity.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.71-76
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• 2007

Previous studies have shown that BMI-1026 is a potent inhibitor of the cyclin-dependent kinases (cdk). In cell culture, the compound also arrests G2/M strongly and G1/S and S weakly. Two key kinases, cdk1 (p34cdc2 kinase) and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase (erk1 and 2), perform crucial roles during oocyte maturation and, later, metaphase II (MII) arrest. In mammalian oocytes, both kinases are activated gradually around the time of germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) and maintain high activity in eggs arrested at metaphase II. In this study, we examined the effects of BMI-1026 on GVBD and MII arrest in mouse oocytes. BMI-1026 inhibited GVBD of immature oocytes and activated MII-arrested oocytes in a concentration-dependent manner, with more than 90% of oocytes exhibiting GVBD inhibition and MII activation at 100 nM This is approximately 500$\sim$1,000 times more potent than the activity reported for the cdk inhibitors roscovitine (${\sim}50{\mu}M$) and butyrolactone (${\sim}100{\mu}M$). Based on the results of previous in vitro kinase assays, we expected BMI-1026 to inhibit only cdk1 activation in oocytes and eggs, not MAP kinase. However, in our cell-based system, it inhibited the activity of both kinases. We also found that the effect of BMI-1026 is reversible. Our results suggest that BMI-1026 inhibits GVBD and activates MII-arrested oocytes efficiently and reversibly and that it also inhibits both cdk1/histone HI kinase and MAP kinase in mouse oocytes.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.213-222
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• 1988

The purpose of this study was to investigate physical condition, physical fitness, sociodemographic factors, biochemical factors and personality factors of 5th grade students of elementary school. The number of students surveyed was 760 from each school of urban, middle and rural areas. All data analysis was done by BMI group which is based on previous study. 1) The children whose parents were on low education level and mother had a job had lower BMI values than others. Nine percent of male and 21% of female subjects skipped breakfast almost everyday. The 21.7% of all subjects regularly took nutritive pills, which had no difference in various BMI groups. 2) The physical condition of children had a high correlation with that of parents. 3) The physical fitness in BMI 5 groups was weaker than other groups, especially in male. 4) The contents of blood hemoglobin, cholesterol and glucose and hematocrit value were estimated. In female, the values of hemoglobin content and hematocrit had significant difference between BMI groups, but there are no trends. 5) The impulsiveness of male was the highest in BMI 1 group and the lowest in BMI 5 group among 5 groups. Besides, general activity, reflectivity and sociality in BMI 5 group had a low level. In female, personality factors except sociality didn't show any considerable difference.