• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.232-237
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• 2003

Benzyladenopuyine (BA) commonly used for soybean sprout production is of high price. The study was carried out to determine the effect of BA treatment time during seed imbibition on growth and development of soybean sprouts and to analyse its treatment cost. The soybean seeds of 4 cultivars were soaked in 4 ppm BA solution during the first 5.5 hour imbibition (EFHI), the second 5.5 hour imbibition (SFHI) immediately after 0.5 hour aeration, or whole 11.0 hour imbibition (WFHI) intervened by aeration. On the 6th day after culture, the soybean sprouts were classified into 4 categories on the base of hypocotyl length; ＞ 7cm, 4 to 7cm, ＜ 4 cm and not germinated, and their morphological characters, fresh and dry weights were measured. Water absorption of the seeds was sharply reduced after it was almost done for the first 5.5 hours. The percentage of sprouts with hypocotyls of longer than 4cm was higher in FFHI treatment than in the other two ones. Regardless of BA imbibition time and periods, the lateral roots were not observed. WFHI treatment showed shorter hypocotyl and root lengths but thicker hypocotyl and hook diameters than FFHI and SFHI treatments. All component fresh and dry weights except cotyledon fresh weight were nearly same. Treatment cost of BA was the lowest in SFHI treatment. It is concluded that BA treatment during SFHI is the best time because its treatment time did not affect sprout growth but its treatment cost.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.737-746
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• 1989

After Ba-ferrite powders synthesized hydrothermally and its heated powders were dissolved partially with HCl treatment time, the BaO/Fe2O3 mole ratio of dissolved solutions and powders were measured by AAS, also, lattice constants, particle morphology and magnetic properties in HCl treated, heated and no-heated Ba-ferrite powders were abtained by means of XRD, SEM and VSM, respectively. From above analysis results, the effect of Ba/Fe mole ration in suspension(as starting material) on the BaO/Fe2O3 composition and particle characteristics of products were investigated, and the effect of heat treatment on magnetic properties of products examined. The composition, lattice constant and crystal phase of products depend on the Ba/Fe mole ratio in suspension. Ba content in surface or outer part of Ba-ferrite powder is higher than inner and heterogeneous, and the excess Ba ions in the inner part of particle move into the outer by heating, so that the mole ratio of BaO/Fe2O3 in the more jinner approaches more to the stoichiometric composition 1 : 6. The crystallinity, coercivity and saturation magnetization of products are increased by heat treatment, and the heat-treated samples synthesized hydrothermally in lower temperature are appreciated to have better powder characteristics.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.213-223
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• 1995

The study is aimed to understand effects of ethephon(lmg/1), ABA(0.lrng/l), BA(0.lmg/l). and NAA (0.lmg /1) soaking treatment on the seed germination of perennial ryegrass 'Dandy', creeping bentgrass 'Penlinks', tall fescue 'Arid' and kentucky bluegrass 'Nasaw'. These experiments are carried in vitro and their results are summarized as the followings ; In case of ethephon (lmg /1) soaking treatment of seed, the early germination of tall fescue 'Arid' and perennial ryegrass 'Dandy' was good without the soaking times. creeping bentgrass 'Penlinks' and kentucky bluegrass 'Nasaw' obtained the best results at 12 hr. soking treatment, and the longer the soaking time, the higher the germination percentage. The early germination percentage of tall fescue 'Arid' and perennial ryegrass 'Dandy' increased more highly at ABA(0. tmg /1) soaking treatment than at the control. The germination percent-age of creeping loentgrass 'Penlink' and kentucky bluegrass 'Nasaw' had respectively the best results at 6hr. and l2hr. soaking treatment. The early germination percentage of tall fescue 'Arid' and kentucky bluegrass 'Nasaw'increased more highly at BA (0.lmg /1) soaking treatment than at the control, and especially had the best results in 6hr. soaking treatment. perennial ryegrass 'Dandy' had the best results at l0min. soaking treatment, and the longer the soaking time, the lesser the germination percentage. The early germination of perennial ryegrass 'Dandy'. creeping bentgrass 'Penlinks' and tall fes- cue 'Arid' increased more highly at NAA (0.lmg /1) soaking treatment than at the control, and especially had the best results at l2hr. soaking treatment. However, the germination of Kentucky bluegrass 'Nasaw' seeds inhibited at NAA (0.lmg /1) soaking treatment. Key words: Ethephon, ABA, BA, NAA, Soaking treatment, Seed germination.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2001.07a
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• pp.624-627
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• 2001

Two kinds of Nd$_{1+x}$Ba$_{2-x}$Cu$_3$O$_{7-{\delta}}$, the sintering samples and zone melting samples, were heat treated under pure Ar at 95$0^{\circ}C$. The substitution of Nd ion for Ba ion in the Nd$_{1+x}$Ba$_{2-x}$Cu$_3$O$_{7-{\delta}}$ before and after the heat treatment were investigated by XRD. In order to know the effects of the heat treatment, the T$_{c}$ and J$_{c}$ of samples with the heat treatment and those without the heat treatment by Ar were comparatively studied. The results show that the substitution of Nd for Ba decreased, T$_{c}$, and J$_{c}$ increased after the treatment under Ar at 95$0^{\circ}C$. The Nd$_{1+x}$Ba$_{2-x}$Cu$_3$O$_{7-{\delta}}$ samples were oxygenated under pure oxygen at 30$0^{\circ}C$. From the XRD pattern it was found that the sample with x< 0.4 could transfer from tetragonal phase to orthorhombic phase after the oxygenation, but the sample with x>0.4 could not make the phase transition even after a long time oxygenation.ion even after a long time oxygenation.ation.n.ation.ation.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2023

Objectives We aimed to compare the bone age (BA) estimation by a deep learning-based program and by a specialist in pediatrics of Korean medicine using the Tanner-Whitehouse 3 (TW3) technique for the cases of children who visited a Korean medicine hospital for growth, and to report the effect of Korean medicine treatment. Methods For three children who visited the Korean medicine hospital for growth, BA estimation by the deep learning program and by the specialist in pediatrics of Korean medicine using the TW3 technique was compared, and the time required for estimation was investigated. The change of height, BA, and predicted adult height (PAH) using deep learning program after Korean medicine treatment was observed. Results BA estimation of the left hand bone X-ray by the specialist using the TW3 technique showed a difference of -0.03 to +0.15 years from the estimation by the deep learning program. The mean estimation time was 5 minutes and 49 seconds per one for the specialist and 48 seconds for the deep learning program. During the treatment period, the height percentile and PAH estimated by deep learning program were increased after Korean medicine treatment compared to baseline while acceleration of BA was suppressed compared to chronological age. Conclusions BA estimation using the deep learning program and the TW3 technique showed a difference of less than 0.15 years, and in three cases of patients with growth as the chief complaint, Korean medicine treatment increased height percentile and PAH without accelerating BA maturation.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.21-25
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• 2002

Effect of abnormal grain growth and heat treatment time on the electrical properties of donor-doped semiconductive BaTiO$_3$ceramics was examined. La-doped BaTiO$_3$ceramics was sintered at 134$0^{\circ}C$ for different times from 10 to 600 min in order to change the volume fraction of the abnormal grains in samples. As a result, samples with different volume fraction of abnormal grain growth from 22 to 100% were prepared. The samples were annealed at 120$0^{\circ}C$ for various times. The resistivity of the sam-ples at room and above Curie temperature was examined. The complex impedance measurement as functions of the volume fraction of abnormal grains and annealing time was conducted. Separation of complex impedance semicircle was observed in a sample in which abnormal and fine grains coexist. The results are discussed from a viewpoint of microstructure-property relationship.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.531-532
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• 1998

This study was conducted to investigate the optimum concentration and time of BA treatments for the improvement of flowering in Cymbidium encifolium 'Tekkotsusosin'. The flowering rate was increased by the higher concentration of BA treatment, and reached 100% by $400mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ treatment. But high concentration induced the flower malformation. Therefore, the optimum concentration of BA for increased of flowering rate was about $300mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$. In the time of BA treatment, plants which were treated in June to August by BA $300mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ were flowered, especially up to 100% in August. However, those treated in April, May, and September did not.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.143-148
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• 2008

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of BA, a growth regulator on enhancing propagation efficiency, and physical treatment on promotion of axillary bud generation in three hosta cultivars, 'Ellerbroek', 'Francee', and 'Halcyon'. These are cultivars suitable for cut foliage production among Hosta spp. because of their diverse leaf patterns and long vase life of cut foliage. The degree of axillary bud generation by treatment time and concentration of BA has not been proven to be extraordinarily effective as compared to not treated control. As a physical treatment, base wounding was more effective than stem cutting. In 'Ellerbroek', increase of axillary bud generation among treatment methods was not great. However, in 'Halcyon', base wounding had four more axillary buds per plant than not treated control. In addition, although number of axillary buds increased per plant by BA treatment and stem cutting was 2 and 1.8, respectively, it was 6.1 by base wounding, indicating the greatest effect on promotion of axillary bud generation among all treatments.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.346-352
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• 2003

BaTiO$_3$, powders were prepared by sol-gel process from different aging time and reaction temperature. Particle shape, size and crystal structure of prepared $BaTiO_3$ powders were analyzed by SEM, XRD and FT-IR. Effect of aging time alternation didn't particularly show up. Spherical nano-sized $BaTiO_3$ powders were obtained from condition more than reaction temperature $55^{\circ}C$, and obtained sintered $BaTiO_3$ powders of tetragonal phase from heat-treatment at $1,100^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.255-262
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• 1986

Developmental changes of chlorophyll-protein (CP)-complex and plastid membrane proteins during the greening of rape (Brassica napus L.) cotyledons were examined in order to investigate the effect of benzymladenine (BA) on plastid development. The formation of CP-complexes was slightly promoted by BA treatment in early greening stage, at 24 h and 48 h after illumination. However, BA inhibited the development of CP-complexes at 72 h after illumination. On the profiles of plastid membrane proteins with greening time, it was found that the 24 kd protein was increased and the 56 kd protein was decreased in both water control and BA-treated cotyledons. However, the above two traits were retarded under BA treatment, respectively. From the obtained result, plastid development of rape cotyledon during greening was partially affected by interaction between light and BA dependent on its physiological age.