• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.105-120
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• 2006

To investigate anti-cancer effects of wild ginseng herbal acupuncture and mitigation of anti-cancer drug when taken concurrently, cancer cells from B16/F10 melanoma were injected intraperitoneally in C57BL/6. After inducing cancer, anti-cancer effects and mitigation of reproductive toxicity of Doxorubicin were evaluated. 1. For changes in weight, Doxorubicin treated group showed significant decrease, and administration of wild ginseng herbal acupuncture didn't cause any weight change. 2. Volume of tumor was significantly reduced in Doxorubicin teated group. Wild ginseng herbal acupuncture groups showed slight decrease but insignificant compared to the control group. 3. For hematological evaluation, Doxorubicin only group's reticulocytes were significantly decreased compared to the control group, and Platelet Count was significantly increased. Wild ginseng herbal acupuncture group showed significant increase of Neutrophils and significant decrease of Lymphocytes compared to the control group. 4. For histological evaluation of the tumor, necrosis occurred in a wide range in the Doxorubicin treated group. Wild ginseng herbal acupuncture didn't cause much histological changes. 5. For histological evaluation of the testis, seminiferous tubules of the control group suffered severe damage on epithelial cells. When wild ginseng herbal acupuncture was administered concurrently, damage on the seminiferous tubules was significantly inhibited compared to the Doxorubicin only group. 6. Diameter of seminiferous tubules and spermatogonia count were insignificant between the experiment groups. 7. For BrdU positive reaction of testicle tissue, Doxorubicin only group failed to show any reaction of spermatogonia, but spermatocytes and spermatids showed slight positive reaction. When wild ginseng herbal acupuncture was treated concurrently, much greater positive reaction was made but similar to that of the control and normal groups. 8. For observation of changes in BrdU spermatogonia count of the testicle tissue, Doxorubicin only group didn't show any positive reaction, and relative increase was shown in the group with concurrent administration of wild ginseng herbal acupuncture. 9. For observation of TUNEL positive reaction cells of the testicle tissue, no significant changes were witnessed in all the experiment groups.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.687-692
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• 2012

Schizandra chinensis extract has been known to possess a variety of efficacy including antitumor. However, it remains unclear how schizandrin, which is a major biological active ingredient of Schizandra chinensis, exerts antitumor effect. This study was designed to investigate the mechanism by which schizandrin inhibits tumor growth and metastasis. In in vivo test using tumor model mice injected with B16BL6 cell line, mice treated with 10 and 100 ${\mu}g/ml$ schizandrin showed a significant inhibition by $73.79{\pm}6.43%$ and $90.46{\pm}1.72%$, respectively, compared with positive tumor controls. Schizandrin did not exert a significant toxicity for the normal cells (HUVECs) and tumor cell lines (A549, B16BL6, Du145, Huh7). Treatment with schizandrin at 10 and 100 ${\mu}g$/head significantly inhibited the tumor-induced angiogenesis by $68.04{\pm}32.21%$ and $103.8{\pm}34.99%$ compared with the positive control group, respectively. Using in vivo lung metastasis model, tumor metastasis assay revealed that 10 and 100 ${\mu}g$/head schizandrin significantly decreased the metastatic lung tumor by $37.51{\pm}8.15%$ and $75.53{\pm}4.38%$ compared with positive controls, respectively. On the other hand, schizandrin did not affect the adherence of B16BL6 cell line to extracellular matrix protein. These results demonstrate that schizandrin exerts inhibitory effect on tumor growth and metastasis by inhibiting angiogenesis. This study thus suggest that schizandrin may be a candidate molecule target for cancer drug development.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.327-333
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• 2018

Background: Bioactive compounds in plant extracts are able to reduce metal ions to nanoparticles through the process of green synthesis. Panax ginseng is an oriental medicinal herb and an adaptogen which has been historically used to cure various diseases. In addition, the P. ginseng leaves-mediated gold nanoparticles are the value-added novel materials. Its potential as a cosmetic ingredient is still unexplored. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant, moisture retention and whitening properties of gold nanoparticles (PgAuNPs) in cosmetic applications. Methods: Cell-free experiments were performed to evaluate PgAuNP's antioxidant and moisture retention properties and inhibition activity on mushroom tyrosinase. Furthermore, in vitro cell cytotoxicity was evaluated using normal human dermal fibroblast and murine B16BL6 melanoma cells (B16) after treatment with increasing concentrations of PgAuNPs for 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h. Finally, in vitro cell assays on B16 cells were performed to evaluate the whitening effect of PgAuNPs through reduction of cellular melanin content and tyrosinase activity. Results: In vitro DPPH radical scavenging assay results revealed that PgAuNPs exhibited antioxidant activity in a dose-dependent manner. PgAuNPs exhibited moisture retention capacity and effectively inhibited mushroom tyrosinase. In addition, 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide results revealed that PgAuNPs were not toxic to human dermal fibroblast and B16 cells; in addition, they significantly reduced melanin content, tyrosinase activity, and mRNA expression of melanogenesis-associated transcription factor and tyrosinase in B16 cells. Conclusion: Our study is the first report to provide evidence supporting that P. ginseng leaves-capped gold nanoparticles could be used as multifunctional ingredients in cosmetics.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제10권1호통권22호
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• pp.85-100
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• 2007

Objectives : This research was executed to verify antitumor effect and protective effect on doxorubicin(Doxo)-induced toxicity of Cultivated Wild Ginseng(CWG) and synergic effect of CWG with Doxo in B16/F10 melanomas-bearing C57BL/6 mice. Methods : To evaluate protective effect on doxorubicin(Doxo)-induced toxicity and enhancing effect on the antitumor activity of Doxo, CWG water extract(0.5 ml) was intraperitoneally injected for 10 days, in combination with intraperitoneal injection of Doxo(4 mg/kg) on days 12, 16, 19, to mice subcutaneously inoculated with $2{\times}10^6/ml$ B16/F10 melanoma cells. In order to investigate antitumor effect of CWG, CWG water extract(0.5 ml) was intraperitoneally injected for 10 days to mice subcutaneously inoculated with $2{\times}10^6/ml$ B16/F10 melanoma cells. Results : The body weights of melanoma-bearing mice increased following B16/F10 cells inoculation. In contrast, such an increase in body weights was significantly attenuated by Doxo administration. Whereas CWG inhibits the decrease in body weights induced by Doxo. The tumor volume and tumor weights of melanomas-bearing mice dramatically increased following B16/F10 cells inoculation, In contrast, such an increase in tumor volume and tumor weights were significantly attenuated by Doxo or CWG administration. But the synergic effect of CWG with Doxo was not observed. The reduction of cellularity of seminiferous epithelia, level of spermatogonium and spermatid induced by Doxo was recovered by CWG administration. BrdU labeling index of spermatogonium was remarkably decreased in Doxo group but was no change in CWG group. Whereas the incidence and intensity of BrdU labelled spermatocytes and spermatids were increased by CWG administration than those of Doxo group. Conclusions : The obtained results suggest that CWG have antitumor effect and protective effect on doxo-induced testicular toxicity. This effect might be mediated through the supplementation of vital energy.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.945-949
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• 2005

The objective of this study is to investigate the inhibitor effects of an traditional oriental herb, Sophora flavescens on the pancreatic & cardiac side effects of chemotherapy were studied by using Bl6-BL6 melanoma-injected C57BL6 mouse tumor model. In this study, the effects of an traditional oriental herb, Sophora flavescens, on the side effects of chemotherapy were studied using B16 melanoma-injected C57BL6 mouse tumor model. Anticancer drugs widely used in clinical situation. Sophora flavescen has significant effect on the reduction of the side effects of chemotherapy. Water extract of Sophora flavescens significantly inhibited cisplatin-induced increase of amylase (AMY) which is a good indicator of pancreatic toxicity. Sophora flavescens extract does not decrease the anti-tumor activity of cisplatin showing that it can selectively inhibit side effects of anticancer drugs preserving beneficial effect. Theses results suggest a possibility that Sophora flavescens extract can be used for cancer patients for the reduction of the side effects and improving the quality of life during chemotherapy of cancer patients.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제32권7호
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• pp.532-541
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• 2022

고지방식이(High fat diet, HFD)에 의해 유발되는 비만은 정상적인 마우스에서는 연구되지 않았지만 여러 유전자변형마우스의 전립선암(Prostate cancer)에 대한 강력한 위험인자 및 예후인자로 검증되었다. HFD-유도 비만이 정상적인 마우스에서 전립선암의 발생 및 진행에 영향을 미칠 수 있는지 여부를 조사하기 위해, 16주 동안 60% HFD 식이를 급여한 비만 C57BL/6N 마우스에서 전립선의 무게 및 조직학적 구조 변화와 암관련 단백질 발현을 분석하였다. 첫째, HFD 식이를 급여한 C57BL/6N 마우스는 체중, 장기의 무게, 지방축적, 혈청지질 수치의 증가 등을 포함한 비만증상을 성공적으로 유도되었다. 전립선의 무게는 No그룹에 비해 HFD-유도 비만마우스에서 유의미하게 증가하였다. 전립선의 4가지 엽들 중 외측전립선(Dorsolateral prostate, DLP)과 정낭(Seminal vesicle, SV)의 무게는 유의적인 변화가 없었지만, 복부전립선(Ventral prostate, VP)과 전방전립선(Anterior prostate, AP)의 무게는 No그룹보다 HFD-유도 비만마우스에서 증가하였다. 또한, 전립선의 조직학적 구조에서 과형성(Hyperplasia) 및 비호지킨림프종(Non-hodgkin's lymphoma, NHL)의 발생률은 HFD-유도 비만마우스에서 유의미하게 증가하였으며, 같은 그룹에서 AP의 상피두께도 증가하였다. HFD-유도 비만마우스에서 AKT (Protein kinase B) 신호경로에서 주요 단백질의 인산화수준이 유의미하게 증가했다. 따라서 이러한 결과는 HFD-유도 비만은 C57BL/6N 마우스에서 전립선암의 발생과 진행을 촉진할 수 있음을 시사한다.

• 약학회지
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.374-378
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• 2004

To investigate the whitening activity of Laminaria japonicus, we measured the effect of hot-water extracts on melanin production in B16 melanoma cells. Melanocyte stimulating h ormone (MSH, $1{\mu}M$)-stimulated melanin production in B16 melanoma cells was significantly inhibited by fucoidan and hot-water extracts, but not by alginate. The purified tyrosinase activity was not affected by hot-water extracts, alginate and fucoidan. However, tyrosinase expression was significantly inhibited by fucoidan and hot-water extract in Western blot. These results suggest that inhibitory mechanism of hot-water extracts on melanin production may be due to the inhibition of tyrosinase expression but not to direct inhibition of tyrosinase, such an effect of which may be dependent on fucoidan.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.1
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• pp.176.2-177
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• 2003

Herbal medicines are increasingly being utilized to treat a wide variety of disease processes. In this study, we assayed the preventive and therapeutic effects of aqueous extract from the roots of Platycodon grandilflorum A. DC, Changil (CK) on experimental metastasis induced by melanoma cell (816F10) in C56BL6 mice. The functional specificity of CK was investigated in tumor cell metastasis. (omitted)

• 대한한방종양학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.19-32
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• 1999

To evaluate the antitumor activity and antimetastatic effects of Kamigumgusingihwan(KGSH) studies have ken done. The results were obtained as follows: 1. KGSH extracts exhibited a weak cytotoxicity against A549, SK-OV-3, B16-F10, and SK-MEL-2 cell lines. But exhibited potent cytotoxicity against P388 cell line in a dose-dependent manner. 2. The concentration inhibiting adhesion of A549, to complex extracellular matrix up to below 30% of control was recognized at $10^{-3}g/ml$ of KGSH 3. KGSH extracts showed a weak inhibitoty effect on DNA topo-isomerase I from calf thymus. 4. The T/C% was 137% in KGSH treated group in S-180 bearing ICR mice. 5. In pulmonary colonization assay, a number of colonies in the lungs were decreased significantly in KGSH treated group as compared with control group. 6. In hematological changes in B16-BL6 injected C57BL/6, numbers of WBC were decreased insignificantly in KGSH treated groups, and also those of platelet were increased insignificantly in KGSH treated groups as compared with control. 7. In CAM assay, KGSH extracts inhibited angiogenesis at $15{\mu}g/egg $concentration significantly as compared with control. Taken together these results, it is strongly demonstrated that KGSH significantly suppressed tumor metastasis by blocking cell adhesion to extracellular matrix. Therefore, KGSH is expected to be clinically a potent antimetastatic drug for the prevention and treatment of cancer.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.154-162
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• 2006

Background: Dendritic cell (DC)-based cancer immunotherapy is studied for several years. However, it is mainly derived from autologous PBMC or leukapheresis from patient, which has limitations about yield and ability of DC production according to individual status. In order to solve these problems, inquiries about allogeneic DCs are performed but there are no preclinical trial answers for effect or toxicity of allogeneic DC to use for clinical trial. In this study, we compared the anti-tumor effect of allogeneic and autologous DCs from mouse bone marrow stem cells in mouse metastatic melanoma model. Methods: B16F10 melanoma cells ($5{\times}10^4$/mouse) were injected intravenously into the C57BL/6 mouse. Therapeutic DCs were differentiated from autologous (C57BL/6: CDC) or allogeneic (B6C3F1: BDC) bone marrow stem cells with GM-CSF, SCF and IL-4 for 13days and pulsed with B16F10 tumor cell lysate (Blys) for 18hrs. DC intra-peritoneal injections began on the 8th day after the tumor cell injection by twice with one week interval. Results: Anti-tumor response was observed by DC treatment without any toxicity especially in allogeneic DC treated mice (tumor burden score: $2.667{\pm}0.184,\;2.500{\pm}0.463,\;2.000{\pm}0.286,\;1.500{\pm}0.286,\;1.667 {\pm}0.297$ for saline, CDC/unpulsed-DC: U-DC, CDC/Blys-DC, BDC/U-DC and BDC/Blys-DC, respectively). IFN-${\gamma}$ secretion was significantly increased in allogeneic DC group stimulated with B16F10 cell lysate ($2,643.3{\pm}5,89.7,\;8,561.5{\pm}2,204.9.\;6,901.2{\pm}141.1pg/1{\times}10^6$ cells for saline, BDC/U-DC and BDC/Blys-DC, respectively) with increased NK cell activity. Conclusion: Conclusively, promising data was obtained that allogeneic DC can be used for DC-based cancer immunotherapy.