• 순환기질환의공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.46-47
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• 2002

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.143-147
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• 1975

The antifungal studies on the triterpenoids from the pericarp of Forsythia viridissima LINDL. were conducted. The pericarp was obtained from the plant which was cultivated at Eusung, Kyungsang-bukkdo, Korea. Substances A and B were isolated by column fractionation and purified by recrystallization. Antifungal actions of substance A, acetyloleanolic acid, show significant inhibition effect against Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, T. tonsurans, Microsporum nanum, M. canis, and M. cookei. Substance B, viridissimic acid, shows negative effect against Candida albicans and shows lower effects against other test fungi.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.1031-1043
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• 2018

Let R be a commutative ring with $1{\neq}0$, I a proper ideal of R, and m and n positive integers. In this paper, we define I to be a weakly (m, n)-closed ideal if $0{\neq}x^m\;{\in}I$ for $x{\in}R$ implies $x^n{\in}I$, and R to be an (m, n)-von Neumann regular ring if for every $x{\in}R$, there is an $r{\in}R$ such that $x^mr=x^n$. A number of results concerning weakly(m, n)-closed ideals and (m, n)-von Neumann regular rings are given.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.345-355
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• 2005

We present a photometric study of the star cluster system in the merging galaxy NGC 1487, based on the BI photometry obtained from the F450W and F814W images in the HST /WFPC2 archive data. We have found about 560 star cluster candidates in NGC 1487, using the morphological parameters of the objects. We have investigated several photometric characteristics of the clusters: color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs), color distribution, spatial distribution, age, size and luminosity function. The CMD of the bright clusters with 18.5 < B < 24 mag in NGC 1487 shows three major populations of clusters: a blue cluster population with $(B-I){\le}0.45$, an intermediate-color cluster population with $0.45<(B-I){\le}1.55$, and a red cluster population with (B - I) > 1.55. The intermediate-color population is the most dominant among the three populations. The brightest clusters in the blue and intermediate- color populations are as bright as $B{\approx}18mag$ ($M_B{\approx}-12mag$), which are three magnitudes brighter than those in the red population. The blue and intermediate-color clusters are strongly concentrated on the bright condensations, while the red clusters are relatively more scattered over the galaxy. The CMD of these clusters is found to be remarkably similar to that of the clusters in the famous interacting system M51. From this we suggest that the intermediate-color clusters were, probably, formed during the merging process which occurred about 500 Myrs ago.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.90-96
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• 2017

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Although the antioxidative effects of lycopene are generally known, the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory properties of lycopene are not fully elucidated. This study aimed to examine the role and mechanism of lycopene as an inhibitor of inflammation. METHODS/MATERIALS: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated SW 480 human colorectal cancer cells were treated with 0, 10, 20, and $30{\mu}M$ lycopene. The MTT assay was performed to determine the effects of lycopene on cell proliferation. Western blotting was performed to observe the expression of inflammation-related proteins, including nuclear factor-kappa B ($NF-{\kappa}B$), inhibitor kappa B ($I{\kappa}B$), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK), c-jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 (p38 MAP kinase). Real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to investigate the mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor ${\alpha}$ ($TNF-{\alpha}$), interleukin-1 beta ($IL-1{\beta}$), interleukin-6 (IL-6), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$) were determined via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS: In cells treated with lycopene and LPS, the mRNA expression of $TNF-{\alpha}$, $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, iNOS, and COX-2 were decreased significantly in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). The concentrations of $PGE_2$ and NO decreased according to the lycopene concentration (P < 0.05). The protein expressions of $NF-{\kappa}B$ and JNK were decreased significantly according to lycopene concertation (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Lycopene restrains $NF-{\kappa}B$ and JNK activation, which causes inflammation, and suppresses the expression of $TNF-{\alpha}$, $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, COX-2, and iNOS in SW480 human colorectal cancer cells.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.18 no.3 s.118
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• pp.341-350
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• 2007

In this paper, the derivation of protection ratio is newly proposed for the detailed planning of frequency coordination in microwave relay networks, and computed results for protection ratio of co-channel and adjacent channel are illustrated over the actual system and its frequency. It is shown that the suggested method based upon availability prediction can be expressed in terms of composite fade margin, interference-to-noise ratio(I/N), net filter discrimination, and system parameters. According to results, for 6.7 GHz, 60 km, 64-QAM, and I/N= -6 dB at BER $10^{-6}$, composite fade margin and co-channel protection ratio provide 25.5 and 50.7 dB, respectively. Also, net filter discrimination and adjacent channel protection ratio are obtained as 26.3 and 24.4 dB, respectively, at the first adjacent channel of 40 MHz. The proposed method provides some merits in computing protection ratio for microwave relay networks in view of an easy extension and practical applications considering more detailed and various system parameters.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.305-313
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• 2007

Let $A_1,\;A_2,\;\ldots,\;A_m$ and $B_1,\;B_2,\;\ldots,\;B_n$ be two sequences of events on the same probability space. Let $X=X_m(A)\;and\;Y=Y_n(B)$, respectively, denote the numbers of those $A_i's\;and\;B_j's$ which occur. We establish new bivariate Bonferroni-type inequalities using consecutive events and deduce a known result.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.205-206
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• 2000

In this paper, we consider variable sized bin packing problem, where the objective is not to minimize the total space used in the packing but to minimize the total cost of the packing when the cost of unit size of each bin does not increase as the bin size increases. A heuristic algorithm is described, and analyzed in two special cases: 1) b$\sub$m/｜…｜b$_1$and w$\sub$n/｜…｜w$_1$, and 2) b$\sub$m/｜…｜b$_1$, where b$\sub$i/ denotes the size of i-th type of bin and w$\sub$j/ denotes the size of j-th item. In the case 1), the algorithm guarantees optimality, and in the case 2), it guarantees asymptotic worst-case performance bounds of l1/9.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.784-793
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• 2004

Major objective was to evaluate three doses of bST (POSILAC(R)) injected into Holstein cows during the transition period and through 56 d of lactation for potential to improve DMI, BCS, BW, metabolites, hormones, IGF-I and milk production. Biweekly injections of bST (0, 5.1, 10.2, or 15.3 mg bST/d) began 28 d before expected parturition and continued through 56 d postpartum. Twenty-three of the 25 multiparous Holstein cows assigned randomly to four groups completed experiment (7, 5, 6 and 5 cows/group, respectively). The DMI, BW and BCS were recorded weekly throughout the prepartum and postpartum periods and blood samples were collected thrice weekly for analyses of ST, insulin, $T_{4}$, $T_{3}$, IGF-I, glucose and NEFA. Milk yields were recorded daily through 60 d postpartum and milk components measured once weekly. Mathematical model for data analyses for prepartum and postpartum periods included treatment, calving month, and the two-factor interaction. Cows injected with 10.2 and 15.3 mg bST prepartum had greater mean prepartum concentrations of ST and IGF-I. Prepartum injections of bST did not affect prepartum BW or BCS. On average, cows injected postpartum better maintained their BCS during first 60 d of lactation (3.15$\pm$0.06, 3.12$\pm$0.007, 3.20$\pm$0.006 and 3.58$\pm$0.009). Treatments did not affect mean prepartum DMI but cows injected with 15.3 mg bST/d had greatest DMI and greatest mean daily MY during the first 3 wk and tended to be greater during first 60 d of lactation. Cows injected with two highest bST doses (10.1 and 15.2 mg/d) had greater mean postpartum concentrations of ST and $T_{3}$, but IGF-I, $T_{4}$, glucose and NEFA did not differ across groups. No adverse effects of bST treatment were observed.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.158-163
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• 2015

In this study, we investigated the effects of 40% ethanol extract of Red Ginseng (RGE) on the productions of inflammatory proteins in Antigen I/II (Ag I/II)-N, a recombinant protein isolated from Streptococcus mutans -stimulated in RAW 264.7 cells. RGE inhibited the expression of Ag I/II-N-induced pro-inflammatory mediators, both mRNA and protein synthesis levels, without any cytotoxic effects. Moreover, RGE significantly inhibited Ag I/II-N induced NF-κB translocation into the nucleus by preventing the degradation of inhibitor κB-α. In conclusion, RGE down regulates the expression of pro-inflammatory genes involved in the synthesis of NO and iNOS in Ag I/II-N-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells by suppressing NF-κB activity.