• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.730-735
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• 2003

The effect of pathogenicity on trehalose accumulation was studied using six species of entomopathogenic nematodes adapted to either cold or warm temperature conditions. Also, trehalose accumulation was studied by treating nematodes with glycerol or oil at trehalose concentration and mortality of cold temperature $condition(5^{\circ}C)$, S. longicaudum Gl was increased 50% than control. And at trehalose concent and mortality of warm temperature $condition(30^{\circ}C)$, S. glaseri Agr B3 was increased 45%. Intracellular trehalose accumulation was increased with treatment with 20% glycerol or oil. As the final results, the pathogenic duration of nematodes was increased as intracellular trehalose accumulation was increased

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.127-137
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• 1993

Carbon tetrachloride ($CCl_4$) has been used to treat a variety of parasitic infection in both large and small animals, including Fasciola hepatica. Recently, we can easily contest with carbon tetrachloride in air, food, water, rain and Industry area etc. and it is using in order to induce liver injury in laboratory. In this study. we investigated activitis of LDH, ALP, AST and ALT and amount of cholesterol, triacylglycerol, glucose and BUN in mice serum exposed to $CCl_4.$ The mice divided Into a Naive control(A), corn oil control(B) and experimental group(C, D). Naive control group(A) was given feed and water only. Corn oil control group(B) was given corn oil 1ml /100g of body weight(B.W). Experimental group(C) was given carbon tetrachloride 1ml /100g B.W. ($CCl_4$： corn oil=1：20(V /V) ), Experimental group(D) was given carbon teterachloride 1ml /100g B.W. ($CCl_4$: corn oil=1：10(V /V) ). The results obtained were summarized as follows : 1) The body weight was declined after the l0th day In mice exposed to carbon tetra-chloride. 2) The total protein level in serum was significantly in mice exposed to carbon tetra-chloride($P{\leq}0.05$). The albumin and A /G ratio was decresed significantly in mice exposed to carbon tetrachloride($P{\leq}0.01$) 3) All of the activity of LDH, AST, ALT and ALP in mice serum exposed to carbon tetra chloride inclosed significantly activity of LDH ($P{\leq}0.05$), inclosed significantly activity of AST($P{\leq}0.05, \;p {\leq}0.01$), inclosed significantly activityof ALT 3nd ALP($P {\leq}0.05,\;p {\leq}0.01$). 4) The amount of cholesterol and triacylglycerol, lipid metabolite products in serum was inclosed in case of cholesterol but did not change in case of triacylglycerol.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.468-474
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• 2013

Ginseng seed oil was prepared using compressed, solvent, and supercritical fluid extraction methods of ginseng seeds, and the extraction yield, color, phenolic compounds, fatty acid contents, and phytosterol contents of the ginseng seed oil were analyzed. Yields were different depending on the roasting pretreatment and extraction method. Among the extraction methods, the yield of ginseng seed oil from supercritical fluid extraction under the conditions of 500 bar and $65^{\circ}C$ was the highest, at 17.48%. Color was not different based on the extraction method, but the b-value increased as the roasting time for compression extraction was increased. The b-values of ginseng seed oil following supercritical fluid extraction were 3.54 to 15.6 and those following compression extraction after roasting treatment at $200^{\circ}C$ for 30 min, were 20.49, which was the highest value. The result of the phenolic compounds composition showed the presence of gentisic acid, vanillic acid, ferulic acid, and cinnamic acid in the ginseng seed oil. No differences were detected in phenolic acid levels in ginseng seed oil extracted by compression extraction or solvent extraction, but vanillic acid tended to decrease as extraction pressure and temperature were increased for seed oil extracted by a supercritical fluid extraction method. The fatty acid composition of ginseng seed oil was not different based on the extraction method, and unsaturated fatty acids were >90% of all fatty acids, among which, oleic acid was the highest at 80%. Phytosterol analysis showed that ${\beta}$-sitosterol and stigmasterol were detected. The phytosterol content of ginseng seed oil following supercritical fluid extraction was 100.4 to 135.5 mg/100 g, and the phytosterol content following compression extraction and solvent extraction was 71.8 to 80.9 mg/100 g.

• Advances in Energy Research
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.189-202
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• 2016

This work emphasized optimum production of biodiesel using non-edible Prunus armeniaca (Bitter Apricot) oil via transesterification collected from the high altitude areas of Himachal Pradesh, India. In this study the author produced biodiesel through the process of transesterification by using an alkali catalyst with alcohol (methanol and ethanol), under the varying molar ratio (1:6, 1:9, 1:12), variable catalyst percentage (1% and 2%) and temperature ($70^{\circ}C$, $75^{\circ}C$, $80^{\circ}C$, $85^{\circ}C$). Furthermore, a few strong base catalysts were used that includes sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium metal and freshly prepared sodium methoxide. After screening the catalyst, response surface methodology (RSM) in connection with the central composite design (CCD) was used to statistically evaluate and optimize the biodiesel production operation using NaOH as catalyst. It was found that the production of biodiesel achieved an optimum level biodiesel yield with 97.30% FAME conversion under the following reaction conditions: 1) Methanol/oil molar ratio: 1:6, 2) Reaction time: 3h, 3) Catalyst amount: NaOH 2 wt. %, and 4) Reaction temperature: $85^{\circ}C$. The experimental results showed that the optimum production and conversion of biodiesel through the process of transesterification could be achieved under an optimal set of reaction conditions. The biodiesel obtained showed appropriate fuel properties as specified in ASTM, BIS and En- standards.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.41-49
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• 1989

This study was carried out to study influence of antioxidants on serum and tissue of rats fed with thermally oxidized oil. The experimental animals used 30male rats of sprague-dawley weighting $150{\pm}25g$. They are divided into 5 groups and fed to experimental diets which are composed of 15％ thermally oxidized oil in addition to ascorbic acid, Vitamin E, Ethylendintrioteraaceticacid(EDTA) and none added oxidized oil by heat and fresh soybean oil group. Thermally oxidized oil was prepared from the soybean oil by heating at $180^{\circ}C$ for 30 hours. After feeding for 4 weeks, the result are as follows; 1. Body weight gain were lower B diet group than A diet group. 2. Total cholesterol levels in serum of all experimental diet groups except B diet group were higher than that of A diet group. 3. HDL-cholesterol levels of all experimental diet groups except E diet group were lower than that of A diet group. 4. The activities of GOT, GPT in serum of all experimental diet groups except B diet group and D diet group were higher than that of A diet group. 5. Vitamin E levels in serum of E diet group were highest than that of all experimental diet groups, and Vitamin E levels in liver of A diet group were highest than that of all experimental diet groups. 6. Lipid peroxide in Serum were highest B diet group than that of all experimental diet groups and the other experimental diet group significantly lower than that of the A diet group. 7. Lipid peroxide in liver of all experimental diet group except E diet group were significantly higher than that A diet group and lipid peroxide in kidney of all experimental diet group except B diet group were lower than that of A diet group. Four these results, as Vitamin C, Vitamin E, and EDTA added diets have effect of thermally oil by antioxidants, it could be suggested that thermally soybean oil diet has required to add antioxidant because it has not sufficient Vitamin E for antioxidant and intake and overtake level of thermally soybean oil diet should be studied to go ahead.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.473-483
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• 1996

To protect the ozone layer, R22 will be replaced with HFCs. R407C is a leading candidate as alternative refrigerant for air conditioner due to its similar thermodynamic characteristics with R22. In replacing R22 with R407C, the compatibility with lubricating oil is of major concern. Polyol ester (POE) oil among the synthetic oils is considered to be the best lubricant for use with R407C because of good electrical properties and miscibility. However, lubricating ability of mixture of R407C/POE oil is lower than that of R22/mineral oil due to the production of acid by hydrolysis which causes corrosive wear. Therefore, to minimize water content, it is needed to develop a molecular sieve desiccant which is compatible with R407C and ester oil. This paper discusses (1) the change of properties of POE oil when current molecular seive is used, (2) the effects of POE oils and additives on durability of compressor. Through compressor life test and bench wear test, it was found that inadequate use of POE oils and additives may promote the deteriation of molecular sieve, resulting in decrease of durability of compressor.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.5887-5895
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• 2012

Background: To determine the effect of essential oil obtained from a traditionally used medicinal plant Tridax procumbens L, on lung metastasis developed by B16F-10 melanoma cells in C57BL/6 mice. Materials and Methods: Parameters studied were toxicity, lung tumor nodule count, histopathological features, tumor directed capillary vessel formation, apoptosis and expression levels of $P^{53}$ and caspase-3 proteins. Results: In vitro the MTT assay showed cytotoxicity was found to be high as 70.2% of cancer cell death within 24hrs for $50{\mu}g$. In vivo oil treatment significantly inhibited tumor nodule formation by 71.7% when compared with untreated mice. Formation of tumor directed new blood vessels was also found to be inhibited to about 39.5%. TUNEL assays also demonstrated a significant increase in the number of apoptotic positive cells after the treatment. $P^{53}$ and caspase-3 expression was also found to be greater in the essential oil treated group than the normal and cancer group. Conclusions: The present investigation showed significant effects of the essential oil of Tridax procumbens L in preventing lung metastasis by B16F-10 cell line in C57BL/6 mice. Its specific preventive effect on tumor directed angiogenesis and inducing effect on apoptosis warrant further studies at the molecular level to validate the significance of Tridax procumbens L for anticancer therapy.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.63-70
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• 1990

Influence of mixing ratio of blending oil (rice bran oil : RBD palm olein = 1 : 1, 1 : 4 mixture: w/w) and natural tocopherol, citric acid, and sodium polyphosphate on enhancement of oxidation stability of blending oil under the condition of tap water infulx(1 ml/min/200g oil) were compared by AOM test after heating these system at l80$^{\circ}C$. In addition, the effects of tocopherol, and synergist on oxidition stability were also tested with potato chips fried with blending oil(1 : 4 mixture). The result obtained were as followes; 1. The test of RBD palm olein addition of 50% and 80% against rice bran oil on oxidation stability showed that the higher the palm olein contents in blending oil, the higher the oxidation stability. 2. The test of oxidation stability, adding l00ppm, 200ppm and 400ppm of natural tocopherol in two different types of blending oils, A(1 : 1 mixture) and B(1 : 4 mixture), disclosed that blending oil B was more positively effective, and this trend was superior at 200ppm level particularly, Furthermore, oxidation stability was enhanced remarkably upon addition of 100ppm of natural tocopherol, and 50ppm of citric acid together with 50ppm, 100ppm and 200ppm of sodium polyphosphate in general. Especially, 200ppm of sodium polyphosphate addition induced the most synergetic effect on oxidation stability showing as much as 3 times compare to control. 3. The results of oxidation stability obtained by peroxide value on potato chips fried with blending oil (1:4 mixture} added tocopherol, citric acid and sodium polyphosphate and preserved at $60^{\circ}C$ revealed that addition of tocopherol and 50ppm of citric acid together with 200ppm of sodium polyphosphate treatment was the most synergistic coinciding with AOM test results.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.100-106
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• 2020

Coix lacryma-jobi (Hanjeli) is known to posses anti-microbial properties. Therefore, phytochemical compounds of C. lacryma-jobi have been studied to produce novel antimicrobial agents as treatments against antibiotic-resistant bacteria.The objective of this study was to determine the phytochemical composition and antibacterial activity of the C. lacryma-jobi oil against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis. The phytochemical composition of the oil was determined via gas chromatography mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS). Moreover, agar disk and agar well diffusion were employed to screen the antibacterial activity of the oil. An agar well diffusion test was implemented to determinate MIC's (minimum inhibitory concentrations). Dodecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropylester, 1,3-dioctanoin, N-methoxy-N-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-thiopyran6-carboxamide, propanamide, 5-Amino-1-(quinolin-8-yl)-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxamide, and pyridine were identified in the C. lacryma-jobi oil. The MIC value of the oil was 0.031 g/L and the MBC of the oil was 0.125 g/L effective in all test bacteria. Dodecanoic acid displayed inhibitory activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Therefore, our research demonstrated C. lacryma-jobi (Hanjeli) oil exhibited antibacterial activity against E. coli, S. aureus, and B. subtilis. These research suggest that C. lacryma-jobi root oil could be used for medicinal purposes; however clinical and in vivo tests must be performed to evaluate its potential as an antibacterial agent.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.168-174
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• 1994

Effects of filtration and centrifugation on the oxidative stabilities of sesame oils during storage at $70^{\circ}C$ were studied by combination of determining peroxide values and conjugated dienoic acid values of oils and measuring the hexanal formation using headspace gas chromatography. Crude sesame oil from roasted seeds contained more free fatty acids, conjugated dienes, and metals (Fe, Cu, Mg and Zn); on the other hand, higher contents of moisture and ${\gamma}-tocopherol$ were found in the filtered or centrifuged oil. Only filtered oil contained more peroxides than the crude oil in spite of the color advantage of the highest L and b values among three oils. All the oils showed the tendency of increasing in total color difference during storage at $70^{\circ}C$, fatty acid compositions were relatively constant except for decreasing tendency of linoleic acid in filtered oil. No significant difference at 1% in the oxidative stabilities was observed between centrifuged oil and crude oil with higher susceptibility to the oxidation in the filtered oil. Centrifuged sesame oil was the best in the aspect of both oxidative stability and the oil color.