• 전기화학회지
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.209-212
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• 1999

H-형의 분리 셀을 사용하여 중성 및 실온의 온화한 조건에서 조절 전위법 음전극 반응에 의한 nitroarene화합물들의 환원 짝지음 반응으로 높은 수율의 azobenzene유도체를 합성하였다. Pb또는 Pt cathode와 Pt anode를 사용하여 메탄을 용액 하에서 cyclic voltammetry에 근거하여 각 반응의 최적의 반응 조건을 결정한 후 반응을 실행하였으며, 대부분의 경우 환원 짝지음 반응은 치환기의 성질과 위치에 영향을 받지 않고 높은 수율로 성공적인 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 1994년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.83-86
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• 1994

On this paper, the structural changes of molecules on the water surface were monitored by the measuring system of displacement currents. The measuring system was constructed at home-made Kuhn type LB(Langmuir -Blodgett) deposition apparatus. Solutions of 4-octyl -4\\`- (5-car boxy$.$ -pentamethyleneoxy) azobenzene molecules (8A5H) and stearic acid(C$\_$18/) were spreaded at the air-water interface respectively, and the currents inducted by the dynamic behavior of molecules were measured when the molecules were the molecules were pressed by barrier. From C$\_$18/ mo1ecules two distinct peaks of displacement currents were obtained, which show that the orientations of mo1ecules were charged largely at these Points. The reversibility of displacement currents by compression and expansion was obtained from 8A5H molecules, which shows the compressed molecules which shows the compressed molecules have a tendency to disperse after the compression. But it was not obtained from C$\_$18/ molecules which means that this molecules disperse not easily by decreasing the pressure of the barrier.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집 전기물성,응용부문
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• pp.209-211
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• 2004

In the Langmuir-Boldgett(LB) technique, a monolayer on the water surface is transferred on to a substrate, which is raised and dipped through the surface, and one can obtain multilayers in which constituent molecules periodically are arranged in layer. The LB technique has attracted considerable interest in the fabrication of electrical and electronic device, e.g.. Many researchers have investigated the electrical properties of monolayer and multiplayer films. Dendrimers represent a new class of synthetic macromolecules sharacterized by a regularly branched treelike structure. Multiple branching yields a large number of chain ends, which distinguishes dendrimers from conventional starlike polymers and microgels. Azobenzene dendrimer is one of the dendritic macromolecules that includes the azo-group which exhibits a photochromic character. Due to the presence of the charge transfer part, the azo-group, and having a rod-shaped structure, these compounds are expected to have the potential interest in electronics and ptoelectronics, especially in nonlinear optics. In the present paper, we give a pressure stimulation into organic thin films and detect the induced displacement current.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.24-30
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• 1996

In order to investigate the light fastness of amino azo disperse dyes, some kinds of disperse dyes were prepared and dyed to polyester fabric under the different conditions, such as single or mixture state. After the dyed fabric was irradiated with carbon arc light for several hours, the color differences and K/S values of fabric were measured. The light fastness of amino azo disperse dye was decreased by the introduction of OH group to the dye molecule. But when the amino azo dye was mixed with the anthraquinone disperse dye, the light fastness was increased. It was considered that the dye molecules were aggregated on account of hydrogen bonding via OH groups, resulting the decrease of surface area of dye molecule which might be irradiated by the light.

• E2M - 전기 전자와 첨단 소재
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• 제9권7호
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• pp.674-679
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• 1996

Using the home made Kuhn type LB (Langmuir - Blodgett) film's deposition apparatus, We measured the displacement current of monolayer film on the water surface. The obtained displacement current had each different pattern by the kind of solution while varying pressure of the monolayer. Solution of 4 - octyl - 4' - (5 - carboxyl - pentamethyleneoxy ) - azobenzene (8A5H) and stearic acid (CH$_{3}$(CH$_{2}$)$_{16}$COOH) (C18) were spreaded at the air water interface respectively, and the current induced by the dynamic behavior of molecules were pressed by barrier. Displacement current of 8A5H measured small current than C18 at same condition and it was positive direction when increasing pressure but it was negative direction when decreasing pressure. Also, Two patterns of displacement current were symmetrical form and appeared repeatedly. The C18 has unsymmetrical form of displacement current and weak current when decreasing pressure (expansion). The C18 molecules have two distinct peak values of displacement current that show that the orientations of molecules were changed largely at this points. From these results, we obtained that the 8A5H has more elasticity than the C18.8.C18.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2006년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.7
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• pp.358-359
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• 2006

In the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique, a monolayer on the water surface is transferred onto a substrate, which is raised and dipped through the surface. From this, multilayers can be obtained in which constituent molecules are periodically arranged. The LB technique has attracted considerable interest in the fabrication of electrical and electronic devices. Many researchers have investigated the electrical properties of monolayer and multiplayer films. Dendrimers represent a new class of synthetic macromolecules characterized by a regularly branched treelike structure. Multiple branching yields a large number of chain ends that distinguish dendrimers from conventional star-like polymers and microgels. The azobenzene dendrimer is one of the dendritic macromolecules that include the azo-group exhibiting a photochromic character. Due to the presence of the charge transfer element of the azo-group and its rod-shaped structure, these compounds are expected to have potential interest in electronics and ptoelectronics, especially in nonlinear optics. In the present paper, we give pressure stimulation to organic thin films and detect the induced displacement current.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제18권8호
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• pp.890-895
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• 1997

The approximate rates and stoichiometry of the reaction of excess lithium tripiperidinoaluminum hydride (LTPDA), an alicyclic aminoaluminum hydride, with selected organic compounds containing representative functional groups under the standardized conditions (tetrahydrofuran, 25°) were examined in order to define the reducing characteristics of the reagent for selective reductions. The reducing ability of LTPDA was also compared with those of the parent lithium aluminum hydride (LAH) and lithium tris(diethylamino)aluminum hydride (LTDEA), a representative aliphatic aminoaluminum hydride. In general, the reactivity of LTPDA toward organic functionalities is weaker than LTDEA and much weaker than LAH. LTPDA shows a unique reducing characteristics. Thus, benzyl alcohol, phenol and thiols evolve a quantitative amount of hydrogen rapidly. The rate of hydrogen evolution of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols is distinctive. LTPDA reduces aldehydes, ketones, esters, acid chlorides and epoxides readily to the corresponding alcohols. Quinones, such as p-benzoquinone and anthraquinone, are reduced to the corresponding diols without hydrogen evolution. Tertiary amides and nitriles are also reduced readily to the corresponding amines. The reagent reduces nitro compounds and azobenzene to the amine stages. Disulfides are reduced to thiols, and sulfoxides and sulfones are converted to sulfides. Additionally, the reagent appears to be a good partial reducing agent to convert primary carboxamides into the corresponding aldehydes.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.416-421
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• 1995

The approximate rates and stoichiometry of the reaction of excess lithium gallium hydride with selected organic compounds containing representative functional groups were examined under the standard conditions (diethyl ether, 0 $^{\circ}C)$ in order to compare its reducing characteristics with lithium aluminum hydride and lithium borohydride previously reported, and enlarge the scope of its applicability as a reducing agent. Alcohols, phenol, and amines evolve hydrogen rapidly and quantitatively. However lithium gallium hydride reacts with only one active hydrogen of primary amine. Aldehydes and ketones of diverse structure are rapidly reduced to the corresponding alcohols. Conjugated aldehyde and ketone such as cinnamaldehyde and methyl vinyl ketone are rapidly reduced to the corresponding saturated alcohols. p-Benzoquinone is mainly reduces to hydroquinone. Caproic acid and benzoic acid liberate hydrogen rapidly and quantitatively, but reduction proceeds slowly. The acid chlorides and esters tested are all rapidly reduced to the corresponding alcohols. Alkyl halides and epoxides are reduced rapidly with an uptake of 1 equiv of hydride. Styrene oxide is reduced to give 1-phenylethanol quantitatively. Primary amides are reduced slowly. Benzonitrile consumes 2.0 equiv of hydride rapidly, whereas capronitrile is reduced slowly. Nitro compounds consumed 2.9 equiv of hydride, of which 1.9 equiv is for reduction, whereas azobenzene, and azoxybenzene are inert toward this reagent. Cyclohexanone oxime is reduced consuming 2.0 equiv of hydride for reduction at a moderate rate. Pyridine is inert toward this reagent. Disulfides and sulfoxides are reduced slowly, whereas sulfide, sulfone, and sulfonate are inert under these reaction conditions. Sulfonic acid evolves 1 equiv of hydrogen instantly, but reduction is not proceeded.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.274-280
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• 1997

The rates and stoichiometry of the reaction of gallane-trimethylamine with selected organic compounds containing representative functional groups were examined in tetrahydrofuran solution under standardized conditions (THF, 0 ℃). And its reducing characteristics were compared with those of aluminum hydride-triethylamine(AHTEA). The rate of hydrogen evolution from active hydrogen compounds varied considerably with the nature of the functional group and the structure of the hydrocarbon moiety. Alcohols, phenol, amines, thiols evolved hydrogen rapidly and quantitatively. Aldehydes and ketones were reduced moderately to the corresponding alcohols. Cinnamaldehyde was reduced to cinnamyl alcohol, which means that the conjugated double bond was not attacked by gallane-trimethylamine. Carboxylic acids, esters, and lactones were stable to the reagent under standard conditions. Acid chlorides also were rapidly reduced to the corresponding alcohols. Epoxides and halides were inert to the reagent. Caproamide and nitrile were stable to the reagent, whereas benzamide was rapidly reduced to benzylamine. Nitropropane, nitrobenzene and azoxybenzene were stable to the reagent, whereas azobenzene was reduced to 1,2-diphenylhydrazine. Oximes and pyridine N-oxide were reduced rapidly. Di-n-butyl disulfide and dimethyl sulfoxide were reduced only slowly, but diphenyl disulfide was reduced rapidly. Finally, sulfones and sulfonic acids were inert to the reagent under the reaction.

• 폴리머
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.37-46
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• 2007

셀룰로오스 아밀로오스 키토산, 키틴, 알긴산, 풀루란 또는 아밀로펙틴을 6- [4- (4'- (니트로페닐아조)펜옥시)]펜타노일 클로라이드(NA6C)와 반응시켜 전치환 또는 거의 전치환 6- [4- (4'- (니트로페닐아조)펜옥시카보닐)] 펜타노화 다당류 유도체들을 합성함과 동시에 이들의 열방성 액정의 거동들을 검토하였다. NA6C의 경우와 같이, 모든 다당류 유도체들은 단방성 네마틱 상들을 형성하였다. 이러한 사실은 다당류 유도체들의 액정 구조는 다당류 골격에 의해 결정되는 것이 아니고 mesogenic 곁사슬 그룹들에 의해 결정됨을 시사한다. 이것이 셀룰로오스 유도체들을 제외한 다당류 유도체들이 열방성 네마틱 상을 형성한다고 하는 최초의 보고이다. 다당류 유도체들에 있어서 관찰되는 네마틱 상들의 열적 안정성과 질서도는 아조벤젠 그룹들을 유연한 스페이서를 통하여 유연한 혹은 강직한 골격들에 도입시켜 얻은 고분자들에 대해 보고된 결과들과 현저히 다르다. 이들의 결과를 주사슬과 곁사슬의 배열 그리고 주사슬의 유연성의 차이와 관련하에서 검토하였다.