• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.29-42
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• 2021

The utilization of buildings can be improved by extending them vertically. However, the added load of the extension might require building foundations to be underpinned; otherwise, the loads on the foundations might exceed their bearing capacity. In this study, a preloading method was presented aiming at transferring partial loads from existing piles to underpinning piles. A pneumatic-type model preloading device was developed and used to carry out centrifuge experiments to evaluate the load-displacement behavior of piles, the pile-soil interaction during preloading, and the additional loading caused by vertical extension. The results showed that the preloading devices effectively transfer load from existing piles to underpinning piles. In the additional loading test of group piles, the load-sharing ratio of a pile increased with its stiffness. The load-sharing ratio of a preloaded micropile was less than that of a non-preloaded micropile as a result of the reduction in axial stiffness caused by preloading before additional loading. Therefore, a slight reduction of the load-sharing capacity of an underpinning pile should be considered if the preloading method is applied. Further, two full scale preloading devices was developed. The devices preload underpinning piles and thereby produce reaction forces on a reaction frame to jack existing piles upward, thus transferring load from the existing piles to the underpinning piles. Specifically, screw-type and hydraulic-jack type devices were developed for the practical application of foundation underpinning during vertical extension, and their operability and load transfer effect verified via full-scale structural experiments.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.769-781
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• 2015

The skin friction of a pile foundation is important and essential for its design and analysis. More attention has been given to the softening behaviour of skin friction of a pile. In this study, to investigate the load-transfer mechanism in such a case, an analytical solution using a nonlinear softening model was derived. Subsequently, a load test on the pile was performed to verify the newly developed analytical solution. The comparison between the analytical solution and test results showed a good agreement in terms of the axial force of the pile and the stress-strain relationship of the pile-soil interface. The softening behaviour of the skin friction can be simulated well when the pile is subjected to large loads; however, such behaviour is generally ignored by most existing analytical solutions. Finally, the effects of the initial shear modulus and the ratio of the residual skin friction to peak skin friction on the load-settlement curve of a pile were investigated by a parametric analysis.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2004년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.199-203
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• 2004

In this paper, a simplified model is studied to predict analytically the radiated noise from the helical gear system due to an axial excitation of helical gear. The simplified model describes gear, shaft, bearing, and housing. To obtain the axial force of helical gear, mesh stiffness is calculated in the load deflection relation. The axial force is obtained from the solution of the equation of motion, using the mesh stiffness. It is used as a longitudinal excitation of the shaft, which in turn drives the gear housing through the bearing. In this study, the shaft is modeled as a rod, while the bearing is modeled as a parallel spring and damper only supporting longitudinal forces. The gear housing is modeled as a clamped circular plate with viscous damping. For the modeling of this system, transfer function from the shaft to the clamped plate are used, using a spectral method with four pole parameters. Out-of-plane displacement for the thin circular plate with viscous damping is derived and sound pressure radiated from the plate is also derived. Using the model, parameter studies are carried out.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.337-348
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• 2021

Brillouin Optical Frequency Domain Analysis (BOFDA) is a distributed fiber optic sensing (DFOS) technique that has unique advantages for performance monitoring of piles. However, the complicated production process and harsh operating environment of offshore PHC pipe piles make it difficult to apply this method to pile load testing. In this study, sensing cables were successfully pre-installed into an offshore PHC pipe pile directly for the first time and the BOFDA technique was used for in-situ monitoring of the pile under axial load. High-resolution strain and internal force distributions along the pile were obtained by the BOFDA sensing system. A finite element analysis incorporating the Degradation and Hardening Hyperbolic Model (DHHM) was carried out to evaluate and predict the performance of the pile, which provides an improved insight into the offshore pile-soil interaction mechanism.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.3-16
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• 1999

현재 국내에서는 부유식 구조물을 이용하여 소각로 및 담수화 공장을 해상에 축조하는 BMP(Barge Mounted Plant) 시스템에 관한 연구를 수행중에 있다(한국기계연구원 1997). 본 논문에서는 이러한 BMP의 계류 돌핀(mooring dolphin) 구조물하부의 말뚝기초의 거동을 모델하는 기법에 관하여 다루었다. 지반-말뚝계의 축하중 및 횡하중에 대한 거동은 지반을 비선형 스프링으로 모델하고 말뚝을 일축부재 및 보로 모델하여 유한차분적으로 해를 구하는 비선형 지반반력해석을 수행한다. 이러한 말뚝두부에서의 하중-변위관계로부터 지반-말뚝계의 등가강성을 산정할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 거제도 주변 해역을 대상으로 지반조사를 수행하였고 이를 토대로 지반의 깊이에 따른 축방향 및 횡방향 하중전이 관계를 도출하였다. 그리고 돌핀하부의 말뚝에 대하여 축하중 및 횡하중에 대한 지반반력해석을 수행하였다. 이러한 해석과정을 통하여 대상지역에 적합한 말뚝의 관입깊이 및 단면을 합리적으로 산정할 수 있었다. 결국 말뚝두부에서의 하중-변위관계로부터 지반-말뚝계의 강성을 모델함으로써, 지반조건을 고려하여 돌핀구조물의 동적해석을 합리적으로 수행할 수 있었다. 해석결과 지반-말뚝계의 강성을 고려할 경우에는 강체로 고려한 경우에 비하여 변위 진폭이 상당히 크게 나타났다. 그리고 돌핀의 케이싱 상부의 모멘트가 더 크게 나타나고 해저지표 말뚝두부에 전달되는 모멘트는 더 작게 나타남을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제23권9호
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• pp.51-63
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• 2007

암반에 근입된 현장타설말뚝의 주면거동특성을 분석하고자, 편마암질의 풍화암/연암지역에서 현장 말뚝재하시험(압축재하 4회, 인발시험 5회)을 수행하였다. 이를 통해 암반 풍화, 굴착면 거칠기, 말뚝 직경, 재하방향 등의 요소들이 암반 근입 현장타설말뚝의 주면 전단거동을 결정짓는 주요요소임을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서는 국내에서 수행된 암반 근입 현장타설말뚝의 재하시험 사례를 토대로 국내 암반조건을 반영한 극한주면마찰력($f_{max}$)을 제안하였다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.481-487
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• 2002

콘크리트충전 강관기둥의 외다이아프램 접합부형식에서, 철골보의 하중이 내부의 콘크리트로 전달되는 하중전달 메카니즘이 아직 명확하게 규명되지 않았다. 여기서 각 층에서 철골보의 전단력은 외부의 강관과 내부의 콘크리트 사이의 부착응력에 의해 전달된다고 본다. 따라서 본 연구는 콘크리트충전 강관기둥의 부착응력을 파악하기 위해, 콘크리트면에만 하중을 가하는 단순가력실험을 실시하였다. 콘크리트 종류, 강관의 형상/길이, 이음부의 유무/뒷댐재의 두께 등을 변수로 총 30개의 실험체를 제작하여 실험을 실시했으며, 각 변수에 따른 실험결과를 비교/분석하고자 했다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.15-27
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• 2006

A locally varying temperature field or a mixture of two or more different materials can cause local variation of elasticity properties of a beam. In this paper, a new Euler-Bernoulli beam element with varying Young's modulus along its longitudinal axis is presented. The influence of axial forces according to the linearized 2nd order beam theory is considered, as well. The stiffness matrix of this element contains the transfer constants which depend on Young's modulus variation and on axial forces. Occurrence of the polynomial variation of Young's modulus has been assumed. Such approach can be also used for smooth local variation of Young's modulus. The critical loads of the straight slender columns were studied using the new beam element. The influence of position of the local Young's modulus variation and its type (such as linear, quadratic, etc.) on the critical load value and rate of convergence was investigated. The obtained results based on the new beam element were compared with ANSYS solutions, where the number of elements gradually increased. Our results show significant influence of the locally varying Young's modulus on the critical load value and the convergence rate.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.236-243
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• 1999

Aluminum/Freon-22 heat pipes were manufactured and tested which have a special wick geometry combining axial groove and screen mesh. There were 14 axial grooves in a cross-section and these were covered by two layers of 350 mesh screens to enhance the thermal performance. The performance test was conducted by varying the thermal load and tilt angle. Furthermore, the operation limits and overall heat transfer coefficient were investigated. The experimental results will be useful in a variety of applications, especially in design and manufacturing of a high-efficiency heat exchanger and energy recovery systems.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2002년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.27-34
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• 2002

In the case of reinforced concrete structures, the knowledge of load transfer in the long-term behavior analysis considering construction sequence is very important. Even though long-term behavior of concrete structures has been widely studied, the studies on the time-dependent axial force variation of shore have been scarce to date. In order to investigate the shore behaviors under actual construction conditions, a three-story test frame was constructed on a construction site. The entire construction schedule for the test frame was made to follow the schedule of an actual three-story frame. To analyze the data collected from the test frame, an analysis method based on the Winkler foundation model was developed. This analysis method accurately Predicts the time-dependent behavior of shore. The analysis results coincide well with those obtained by the Midas GENw program