• 한국육종학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.430-441
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• 2011

본 연구는 총 50개의 SSR 마커를 이용하여, 찰옥수수 및 종실용 옥수수 핵심집단(찰옥수수 40계통, 종실용 옥수수 40계통)의 자식계통들의 유전적 다양성, 집단구조 및 계통유연관계를 분석하였다. 1. 그 결과 65bp에서 225bp 크기의 범위로 총 242개의 대립단편들을 증폭시켰다. SSR primer들에서 증폭된 대립단편의 수는 최소 2개에서부터 최대 9개까지의 범위로 나타났고, 평균 4.84개가 증폭되었다. 그리고 GD값은 0.420에서 0.854의 범위로 나타났고, 평균 0.654의 값을 나타내었다. 2. 80개의 옥수수 자식계통들의 집단구조를 분석한 결과, 13개의 찰옥수수 자식계통은 group I에 포함되었고, Group II는 7개의 찰옥수수 자식계통과 38개의 종실용 옥수수 자식계통들이 포함되었다. 나머지 22개의 자식계통들은 admixed group에 포함되었으며, 20개 찰옥수수 자식계통과 2개의 종실용 옥수수 자식계통으로 구성되어있다. 3. UPGMA법에 의한 계통유연관계 분석 결과, 80개 옥수수 자식계통들은 유전적 유사성 31.7% 수준에서 크게 3개의 그룹으로 나누어졌다. Group I은 40개의 찰옥수수 자식계통과 11개의 종실용 옥수수 자식계통을 포함하고 있었고, Group II는 27개의 종실용 옥수수 자식계통을, 그리고 Group III은 단지 2개의 종실용 옥수수 자식계통을 포함하고 있었다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과는 앞으로 강원도 농업기술원 옥수수시험장에서 육성한 찰옥수수 및 종실용 옥수수 자식계통들에 대한 유전자원 관리 및 선발 그리고 교배조합 구성 및 예측 등에 유용한 정보를 제공할 것으로 기대된다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.43-53
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• 1991

It is important to harmonize the occlusion with TMJ and neuromuscular system. However, clinically, how to harmonize is very difficult. The mandibular movement is the motion in which all component part of stomatognathic system participate. This study was performed to compare mandibular movement of mandibular prognathic patients group with that of normal group, to ascertain which components of mandibular movement have differences between two groups, and to use for occlusal treatment of mandibular movement. Thirteen adult who have physiologically normal occlusion and are free of TMJ dysfunction were selected as a control group(Group 1). Eight adult who are mandibular prognathic patient and have more than four anterior teeth crossbite, therefore have not anterior guidance function and have posterior interference at protrusion were selected as a experimental group(Group 2). Electronic pantograph, Denar Pantronic (Denar Corp., U.SA.), was used to record mandibular movement. Pantronic survey was performed by using an arbitrary hinge axis according to manufacturer's direction. Of the Pantronic recordings, immediate side shift (ISS), progressive side shift (PSS), orbiting condylar path (ORB), protrusive condylar path (PRO) between two groups were compared and analysed. The results were as follows: 1. The average protrusive and orbiting condylar inclination of mandibular prognathic patient$(28.44^{\circ},\;36.94^{\circ})$ was significantly lower than those of normal group$(40.15^{\circ},\;48.00^{\circ})$ (P<0.01). 2. There was no statistically significant difference between .the average immediate and progressive side shift of mandibular prognathic patient $(0.37mm,\;6.19^{\circ})$ and those of normal group$(0.52mm.\;5.96^{\circ})$ (P>0.01). 3. The significant correlation was found between orbiting condylar inclination and protrusive condylar inclination.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2014

In sleep monitoring system, polysomnography (PSG) is the gold-standard but previous studies revealed that attaching numerous amount of sensors disturb sleep during the test which is the fundamental disadvantage of PSG. We suggest an unconstrained rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep monitoring method measured with polyvinylidene (PVDF) film-based sensor for the normal and the obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. Nine normal subjects and seventeen OSA patients have participated in the study. During REM sleep, rate and variability of respiration are known to be greater than in other sleep stages. Based on this phenomena, respiratory signals of participants were unconstrainedly measured using the PVDF-based sensor with the PSG and REM sleep were extracted from the average rate and variability of respiration. In epoch-by-epoch REM sleep detection, proposed method classified REM sleep with an average sensitivity of 72.3%, specificity of 92.5%, accuracy of 88.9%, and kappa statistic of 0.60 compared to the results of PSG. Student's t-test showed no significant difference between the results of normal and OSA group. This method is potentially applicable to REM sleep detection in homing environment or ambulatory monitoring.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.207-213
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• 2019

Corrosion and mechanical behavior of the hot-rolled 0.5%Gd-0.8%B-stainless steel to develop a spent nuclear fuel storage material was studied in a simulated nuclear waste treatment condition with rolling condition. The austenite and ferrite phases of the 0.5%Gd-0.8%B-stainless steels are about 88:12. The average austenite and ferrite grain size of the plane normal to rolling, transverse and normal directions of the hot rolled specimens are about 5.08, 8.94, 19.35, 23.29, 26.00 and 18.11 [${\mu}m$], respectively. The average micro-hardness of the as-cast specimen is 200.4 Hv, whereas, that of the hot-rolled specimen are 220.1, 204.7 and 203.5 [$H_v$] for the plane normal to RD, TD and ND, respectively. The UTS, YS and elongation of the as-cast and the hot-rolled specimen are 699, 484 [MPa], 34.0%, and 654, 432 [MPa] and 33.3%, respectively. The passivity was observed both for the as-cast and the hot rolled specimens in a simulated nuclear waste solution. The corrosion potential and corrosion rate of the as-casted specimens are $-343[mV_{SHE}]$ and $3.26{\times}10^{-7}[A/cm^2]$, whereas, those of the hot rolled specimens with normal to ND, RD and TD are -630, -512 and -620 [$mV_{SHE}$] and $6.12{\times}10^{-7}$, $1.04{\times}10^{-6}$ and $6.92{\times}10^{-7}[A/cm^2]$, respectively. Corrosion tends to occur preferentially Cr and B rich area.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2016

Control chart is representative tools of statistical process control (SPC). It is a graph that plotting the characteristic values from the process. It has two steps (or Phase). First step is a procedure for finding a process parameters. It is called Phase I. This step is to find the process parameters by using data obtained from in-controlled process. It is a step that the standard value was not determined. Another step is monitoring process by already known process parameters from Phase I. It is called Phase II. These control chart is the process quality characteristic value for management, which is plotted dot whether the existence within the control limit or not. But, this is not given information about the economic loss that occurs when a product characteristic value does not match the target value. In order to meet the customer needs, company not only consider stability of the process variation but also produce the product that is meet the target value. Taguchi's quadratic loss function is include information about economic loss that occurred by the mismatch the target value. However, Taguchi's quadratic loss function is very simple quadratic curve. It is difficult to realistically reflect the increased amount of loss that due to a deviation from the target value. Also, it can be well explained by only on condition that the normal process. Spiring proposed an alternative loss function that called reflected normal loss function (RNLF). In this paper, we design a new control chart for overcome these disadvantage by using the Spiring's RNLF. And we demonstrate effectiveness of new control chart by comparing its average run length (ARL) with ${\bar{x}}-R$ control chart and expected loss control chart (ELCC).

• 태양에너지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.59-66
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• 1993

1990년 12월부터 전국 주요 16개지역에 측정네트�p을 구성하고, 직달일사량 자료를 수집하였다. 측정 된 자료를 토대로 지역별 표준치 설정하여 이들 자료를 집광식시스템의 설계자와 관련 연구자들에게 광범위하게 이용될 수 있도록 제시하였다. 현지 측정사업의 내용을 중심으로 지금까지의 결과를 살펴보면, 1) 우리나라의 법선면 직달일사조건은 청명한 날을 기준으로 하루에 $4,400kcal/m^2$내외이다. 2) 연평균치에 대한 계절별 일사조건은 봄과 여름이 각각 6%, 14% 높았으며, 가을과 겨울은 5%, 15% 정도 상대적으로 낮았다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.160-168
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• 2010

최근 고유동 콘크리트(High Fluidity Concrete 이하 HFC)에 대한 연구는 많은 시공사례와 함께 진행되고 있지만, 콘크리트의 내구성능을 평가하는 항목 중 하나인 염소이온 침투에 대한 연구는 미비하며, 기존의 내구성관련 연구는 고강도 이상(40MPa)연구됨에 따라 보통강도 고유동 콘크리트의 염소이온 침투에 관한 연구는 찾아보기 어려운 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 석회석 미분말을 혼합한 보통강도 HFC를 제조하여 콘크리트의 공극구조 및 염소이온 침투특성을 분석 고찰하였다. 실험결과 석회석 미분말을 혼합한 2성분계 및 3성분계 고유동 콘크리트의 경우 콘크리트의 공극 크기는 0.005~0.05 ${\mu}m$ 사이에서 가장 많이 분포하고 있으며, 석회석 미분말의 혼합률이 증가할수록 평균 공극 직경은 커지는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 석회석 미분말의 혼합률이 증가할수록 염소이온 침투깊이 및 확산계수는 증가하는 경향이 나타나며, 확산계수는 압축강도 및 평균공극직경 사이의 상관관계에서 결정계수 0.90 이상의 양호한 상관성이 있었다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.396-405
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• 2020

Objectives: This study was conducted to compare the nutrient intake of normal healthy adults with those having hypercholesterolemia. Methods: We analyzed data from the 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VI). A total of 12,636 adults (5,223 males and 7,413 females) aged 19 or older were included in the study. Results: Males with hypercholesterolemia were older and had a higher waist circumference, body mass index, fasting blood sugar levels (FBS) and serum triglyceride (TG) concentrations compared to the normal group. Females with hypercholesterolemia were older and had higher FBS levels and serum TG concentrations compared to the normal group. While comparing nutrient intake by the 24-hour recall method, the male normal group showed a higher intake of fat, saturated fatty acid (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), vitamin A and thiamin compared to the hypercholesterolemic group. However, the male normal group had a lower intake of iron and vitamin C compared to the hypercholesterolemic group. The female normal group had a higher intake of energy, protein, fat, SFA, MUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids, cholesterol, riboflavin, and niacin compared to the hypercholesterolemic group, but had a lower intake of iron compared to the hypercholesterolemic group. A comparison of nutrient intake by food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) showed the following: There was no significant difference in nutrient intake between the normal men and women and those with hypercholesterolemia. After adjustment for confounding factors, nutrient intake by FFQ of the male normal group showed higher levels of n-3 fatty acid and vitamin C compared to the group with hypercholesterolemia. However, there was no significant difference in nutrient intake between the two groups of women. Conclusions: The average intake of n-3 fatty acids and vitamin C of the male group with hypercholesterolemia was lower than that of the normal group. However, since KNHANES is a cross-sectional study, prospective cohort studies are required to analyze the risk factors of hypercholesterolemia.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제9권7호
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• pp.808-817
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• 2006

도플러효과를 이용하여 심초음파에서 제공하는 심장의 운동성분석에서 속도지표가 중요하게 사용되고 있지만 판독자 의존도가 높다. 객관성 및 재현성이 높은 게이트 심근 SPECT는 정량화 정보를 제공하고 있으나 속도를 영상화하지는 못하고 있다. 이 연구에서는 게이트 심근 SPECT 영상을 이용하여 속도 영상화 기법을 개발하여 국소 심근 벽 운동에 대한 평가 지표로 사용하고자 하였다. 심근의 분할을 통해 획득되어진 좌표값을 이용하여 심근 모(母)델을 3차원으로 가시화하고 심근벽의 슬라이스별 각 포인트의 속도를 색채 사상을 통해 가시화 하였다. 속도 영상의 유의성 검증을 위하여 총 22명의 데이터에 적용하였으며 정상인 7명과 심근경색 환자 15명으로 그룹을 나누어 각각 적용시킨 결과 정상인의 전체 평균 이동거리는 4.3mm이였고 평균 속도는 11.9mm/s이었으며 환자군에서는 평균 이동거리와 평균 속도가 각각 3.9mm, 10.5mm/s로 나타났으며 정상인의 심벽 움직임 속도가 환자에 비해 빠른 결과를 보였다. 이 논문에서는 게이트 심근 SPECT에서 새로운 지표인 속도 영상화 기법을 개발함으로써 기존의 데이터의 생산성을 향상시키고 재사용성을 증대시켰을 뿐만 아니라 새로운 지표를 이용한 분석을 임상에 적용하는 방안을 제안함으로써 유용성을 검토하였다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.199-208
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• 1987

The chemotherapeutic efficacy of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole ($Bactrim^{\circledR}$) in mice experimentally infected with Toxoplasma gcndii was evaluated. The average survival days and survival rate of mice infected intraperitoneally with $1{\times}10^5$ trophozoites and treated with $Bactrim^{\circledR}$ were compared with those of untreated group. The hematologic findings of blood samples of experimental mice were observed for comparison of side elects between $Bactrim^{\circledR}$ and pyrimethamine ($Daraprim^{\circledR}$), the latter of which has been one of the favorable drugs for the treatment of toxoplasmosis. The results are summarized as follows: 1. $Bactrim^{\circledR}$ showed a strong evidence of potent anti-Toxoplasma activity. The survival rate of mice administered with 24 mg of $Bactrim^{\circledR}$ per mouse per day for 7 days, was 83.3%, and the rate was increased to 100% in mice administered with two-fold concentrated dose of the drug. 2. The average numbers of white blood cells (W.B.C.) in the mouse groups treated with $Bactrim^{\circledR}$ or $Daraprim^{\circledR}$ were more increased than those only infected with T. gondii. The mice treated with $Daraprim^{\circledR}$ however, showed remarkably decreased numbers of W.B.C. as compared with those treated with $Bactrim^{\circledR}$ . 3. The average numbers of red blood cells (R.B.C.) and platelets both in the drug-treated and untreated T. gondii-infected mice were decreased as compared with normal mice. The numbers of R. B. C. in $Daraprim^{\circledR}-treated$ mice, however, were more decreased than in $Bactrim^{\circledR}-treated$ mice. 4. The average levels of hemoglobin both in the drug.treated and untreated T. gondii-infected mice were decreased, compared with normal mice. But there was no difference in the levels of hemoglobin between $Bactrim^{\circledR}$ and $Daraprim^{\circledR}-treated$ groups. In conclusion, trimethoprim.sulfamethoxasole ($Bactrim^{\circledR}$) was proven to be effective and safe for the treatment of murine toxoplasmosis. The efficacy was comparable with pyrimethamine ($Daraprim^{\circledR}$), but bone marrow depression was less severe with $Bactrim^{\circledR}$ treatment.