• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.624-631
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• 2001

The relationship between the catch of squid, Todarodes pacificus, according to the jigging depth and underwater illumination by fishing lamps was investigated during nighttime operations off-Tusima Islands in November 1994 and off-Oki Islands in November 1995. We used echo sounder to observe the distribution of squid. Echo images on the echo sounder showed the distribution of squid at the water layer of 50 meter depth at the beginning of jigging operation. After the time elapsed, a continuous dense image had moved to the layer of 60-80 meters jigging depth. A larger number of squid were caught by jigging machines set at a lowest depth of 90 meters, when it compared with machines set at a 60 meters. However, Catch increased around 60 meters jigging depth, when fishing lamps output were switched to 24 kW halogen lights:.The underwater illumination, under the each light power of fishing lamps of squid jigging boat was continuously measured with an underwater illuminometer. Values of the underwater illumination, when schools were distributed from 60 to 80 meters, ranged from $3.0\times10^{-2}lx\;to\;3.4\times10^{-3}lx$ in average at $80\~360$ kW fishing lamps output of squid jigging boat.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.223-232
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• 2014

The feasibility of a virtual colored overlay is based on constraints of computer and user preference and it is evaluated for people with Scotopic Sensitivity Syndrome. We draw ${\alpha}$ and chromaticities of virtual colored overlay which will be implemented on IT devices by measuring optical characteristics of 2 representative film overlays and simulating them. We analyzed the influence of two illuminating conditions on the virtual colored overlay. We find that it is possible to get the multiple combinations of alpha and source RGB values to match a chromaticity which is presented in CIE-Luv color space under ideal white condition of display, a user can select one among them with respect to clarity and comfort. Under 100 lx difference of illumination conditions, the changes of chromaticities are negligible, but luminances are increased $37.8cd/m^2$ average(std 2.006) at high illumination condition.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.225-241
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• 2011

The purposes of this study were to determine the actual state of the indoor environment, and to analyze the relationship between the architectural or living factors and indoor physical elements in the elderly hall at apartment complexes during winter. The field surveys consisted of measurements of the physical elements, observations of living factors, and interviews with users. The field surveys were carried out at 5 halls in February 2009. The measured elements were air temperature, relative humidity, $CO_2$, CO, PM10, TVOC, HCHO, and illumination. The results showed that the averages of indoor temperature for the hall was between $22.7{\sim}25.1^{\circ}C$, relative humidity was 22.0~48.2%, $CO_2$ level was 892.4~2066.7ppm, CO level were 0~0.4ppm, PM10 level were $22.3{\sim}31.4{\mu}g/m^3$, HCHO level was 0.00~0.24ppm, and illumination level was 94~391.6lux. TVOC level was detected at 0.00~0.54ppm in only one hall. The average clothing amount of the users was 1.18clo and activity was 0.7~1.6met. It was evaluated to be a comfortable state at indoor temperature, CO level, PM10 level, and TVOC level, but an uncomfortable state at relative humidity, $CO_2$ level, HCHO level, and illumination level. The main reason seemed to be lack of ventilation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.37-42
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• 1980

The purpose of the present study is to find the color induced maximum gathering rate and to observed'the trend of the - gathering rate by using two species of commercial fishes: rock bream, Oplegnathus fasciatus (Temminet et Schlegel) and 'grass puffer, Fugu niphobles (Jordan et Snyder). An experimental tank($360L{\times}50W{\times}55H cm$) was set up in a dark room. An illumination system was attached to the two end of tank to fix horizontal light intensity by co~bination c' one light bulb(20W) and four filters (red, blue, yellow, white) and the five regulating filters in order to fix light intensity. During the experiment water depth was maintained 50 cm lever in the tank. The tank was marked into six longitudinal sections each being 60 em long to observe the distribution of fish. The fish were acclimatized in dark condition for 40 minutes prior to the main experiment. Upon turning on the light, the number of fish in each section was counted 40 times every 30 seconds, and the gathering rates ,were obtain from the average number of fish in each secion. The color induced maximum gathering rate of rock bream appeared to be red, blue yellow and white color orderly.However, that of grass puffer appeared to be blue, white, yellow and red color orderly. Trend of the gathering rate in illumination time showed the remarkable fluctuation in the rock bream and little difference at the two color light sources. However, trend of the gathering rate in illumination time showed the little fluctuation in grass puffer and much difference at the two color light sources.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.27-39
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• 2015

Under the goal of analyzing the compulsory supply share of new renewable energy according to the application of a daylighting system to indoor gymnasiums, this study conducted analysis of energy consumption and operation schedule at three indoor gymnasiums in the nation through a survey. The investigator did an Energy Plus simulation on Building A based on the analysis results and analyzed the supply share of new renewable energy in the saving effects of lighting energy according to the application of a daylighting system. As a result, When 92 prism daylighting system were installed in the upper ceiling of a stadium, they were able to meet the criteria for the minimum illumination for official games(Min : 600㏓) and optimum illumination for general games and recreations, thus saving lighting energy during the daytime(09:00~17:00). The resulting saving effects of lighting energy amounted to 44.4% for official games, 57.6% for general games, and 66.7% for recreations. In addition, the daylighting systems had a compulsory supply share of new renewable energy at 2.04% for official games, 2.75% for general games, and 2.62% for recreations, recording an average compulsory supply share of 2.5%.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.211-220
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• 2021

Low-pressure sodium lamps, high-pressure sodium lamps, and fluorescent lamps are mainly used for tunnel lighting in Rep. of Korea, which accounts for the highest percentage in the tunnel maintenance costs. Therefore, tunnel lights are being replaced by LED lamp that have advantages with respect to low power consumption and sustainability. To analyze the effect of replacement high pressure sodium lamp with LED lamp, illumination and monthly power usage per year have been investigated for 10 tunnels. The usage of LED lamp results in illumination improvement from 27.9% to 490% and power saving around average 47.1%.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.331-333
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• 2018

The incorporation of Shiitake culture into sawdust is a widely utilized technique that can assist in reducing the cost and time consumption associated with oak cultivation. In sawdust cultivation, browning of the surface mycelia is an important stage with respect to the utility and longevity of the sawdust media. Surface browning forms a protective coating on the substrate, which can inhibit the invasion of pathogens and suppress water evaporation. Several different light sources (red LED, white LED, blue LED, and fluorescent light) were used and the intensity of illumination was carefully controlled (1.5, 10.5, $20.5{\mu}mol/m^2s$ for LEDs and 10, 100, 300 lux for the fluorescent light) to induce browning. The light sources were regulated via a 1 h on/off cycle in a controlled room environment at a temperature of $20^{\circ}C$, 60% humidity, and 1200 ppm $CO_2$ concentration for 60days. The browning effect varied depending on the source and the intensity of illumination. This effect was most effectively induced at $1.5{\mu}mol/m^2s$ for the red and blue LEDs. All light sources induced less browning at the highest intensity of illumination. This indicates that intensity values higher than $20.5{\mu}mol/m^2s$ in the case of the LEDs and 300 lux for the fluorescent light are not effective. After harvesting of the fruit bodies, we measured the weight, length, and width of the pileus and stipe in addition to their chromaticity and hardness. Treatment with $1.5{\mu}mol/m^2s$ blue LED produced the best harvest with the highest average chromaticity, weight (21.2 g), stipe length (30.8 mm), and hardness (377.9 g), with a fine length and width of the pileus.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.445-446
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• 2007

The goal of this paper is accuracy improvement of appearance inspection by using image separation average value matching method. The appearance inspection of various electronic products and parts has been executed by the eyesight of human. But inspection by eyesight can't bring about uniform inspection result. Because the appearance inspection result by eyesight of human is changed by condition of physical and spirit of the checker. So machine vision inspection system is currently used to many appearance inspection fields instead of the checker. However the inspection result of machine vision is changed by the illumination of workplace. Therefore we have used a average value matching in this paper for improvement of vision inspection accuracy and could increase inspection accuracy of vision system. In other words, we made an effort for elevation of vision inspection accuracy by making the identical image separation average value of reference image and input image. Also this system has been developed only using PC, CCD Camera and Visual C++ for universal workplace.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.3 no.3_4
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• pp.507-518
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• 2012

It is now widely accepted that the resulting displacement field within elastic, inhomogeneous, anisotropic solids subjected to equipartitioned, uniform illumination from uncorrelated sources, has intensities that follow diffusion-like equations. Typically, coda waves are invoked to illustrate this concept. These waves arrive later as a consequence of multiple scattering and appear at "the tail" (coda, in Latin) of seismograms and are usually considered an example of diffuse field. It has been demonstrated that the average correlations of motions within a diffuse field, in frequency domain, is proportional to the imaginary part of Green's function tensor. If only one station is available, the average autocorrelation is equal to the average squared amplitudes or the average power spectrum and this gives the Green's function at the source itself. Several works address this point from theoretical and experimental point of view. However, a complete and explicit analytical description is lacking. In this work we study analytically some properties of the Green's function, specifically the imaginary part of Green's function for 2D antiplane problems. This choice is guided by the fact that these scalar problems have a closed analytical solution (Kausel 2006). We assume the diffusiveness of the field and explore its analytical consequences.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.52-59
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• 2009

In general, methods based on histogram or a correction of gamma curve are usually utilized to enhance the contrast of captured image in the dark scene. These methods are efficient to enhance the contrast globally, however, they locally induced the low quality of image. Recently, to resolve the problem, the multi-scaled refiner algorithm improving the contrast with locally averaged lightness is proposed. However, estimating the locally averaged lightness, if there is the object with a high saturated color, the color distortion might be induced by the color of object. Thus, in this paper, the dominant chromaticity of image is estimated to correct the locally averaged lightness in multi-scaled retinex algorithm. Because the average chromaticity of image includes the chromaticity of illumination, the dominant chromaticity is estimated with dividing the average chromaticity of image by the estimated chromaticity of illumination from highlight region. In addition, to improve the lower chroma by multi-scaled retinex algorithm generally, the chroma was compensated preserving the hue in the CIELAB color space.