• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.973-984
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• 2014

Seasonal and stational variation of SS and COD were investigated from February 2008 to December 2010 and the relationship between them was discussed. During three years monitoring, SS decreased significantly (46% decline) possibly due to the increase of precipitation and thereby resulting salinity drop. COD on average was the highest in 2009. SS was the highest in autumn and the lowest in winter, and over 72% of SS was FSS. While SS is high in the upper sampling stations of the bay with shallow water, COD values do not show any relationship to the geomorphological characteristics. $COD_{ins}$, which was defined as COD after filtration, ranged 56%(winter) ~ 44.6%(summer) and showed no correlation with SS. It indicates that high SS concentration is not necessarily related to the high $COD_{ins}$. The seasonal $COD_{ins}$/SS data, which can be interpreted as COD density in SS, shows that SS in winter contains the dense COD materials compared to the other seasons.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.467-481
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• 2017

This study sought to determine the changes in weather conditions in urban streets, along with conditions of traffic and roads in urban areas. The variations in weather conditions depending on traffic differed according to distance. First, the temperature difference measured by traffic results is as follows: T1 point $1.03^{\circ}C$, T2 point $1.04^{\circ}C$, T3 point $0.9^{\circ}C$, T4 point $1.01^{\circ}C$, and T5 point $0.31^{\circ}C$. The average difference between the measured temperatures by the point of measurement was $0.86^{\circ}C$. The changes in wind velocity according to traffic volume results of the measurements is T1 point 1.32 m/s, T2 point 0.80 m/s, T3 point 0.29 m/s, T4 point 0.04 m/s, and T5 point 0.09 m/s. The difference between the average wind speeds was 0.51 m/s and traffic jams caused substantial differences in distance. The relative humidity tended to be inversely proportional to temperature. The measurements results ares T1 point 2.29%, T2 point 2.67%, T3 point 2.47%, T4 point 2.16%, and T5 point 0.91% The difference between the average relative humidity was 7.3%. In case of independent sampling T test according to traffic volume, changes in wind velocity and temperature were directly proportional to the level of statistical significance(p<0.01). On the other hand, relative humidity tended to be inversely proportional; however, there was no statistical significance.

• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.374-380
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• 2000

제주-대한해협중 소흑산도에서 부산앞 대마도부근 까지의 제주도 이북의 대륙붕 해역 (33$^{\circ}$30'${\sim}$34$^{\circ}$N 125$^{\circ}$${\sim}$128$^{\circ}$E) 용존탄화수소의 분포와 성인을 조사하였다. 표층 해수중 용존탄화수소 총함량의 시 ${\cdot}$ 공간적 변이는 10배 이상이 대체로 연안에서 높고 외해에서 낮으며, 총함량은 가을에 봄보다 높다. 탄화수소의 성인을 n-alkanes과 pristane함량을 기준으로 보면 해수중 용존 탄화수소는 1998년 4월의 경우, 황해남부(125$^{\circ}$E) 해역에서는 식물플랑크톤기원 및 석유기원 탄화수소가 우세하고, 남해에서는 육상기원과 석유기원이 우세하다. 그리고 1998년 9월에는 남해에 식물플랑크톤과 석유기원이 우세하게 나타났다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.103-114
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• 1992

1989년 가을에서 1990년 여름 사이 아산만에서 otter trawl로 저어류 자료를 수집하여 아산만 저어류의 주야 및 계절 변동을 분석하였다. 주야 자료는 각 조사시기마다 주야 각각 3-5회씩 수집하였다. 동정된 32종의 저어류 중, Chaturichthys stigmatias, Cynoglossus joyneri, Thrissa koreana, Repomucenus lunatus와 Hexagrammos otakii가 총개체수의 $79.5\%$를 차지하였고, 생체량에서는 C. jeyneri, T. koreana, H. otakii, Raja kenoiei와 Kareius bicoloratus가 $67.1\%$%를 차지하여 우점하였다. 밤에 채집된 개체수와 생체량이 낮보다 많았으나, 그 차이는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 또한 각 계절별 어류 군집구조 및 주요 저어류의 평균체장도 밤낮에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 개체수와 생체량은 여름에 높았고 겨울에 낮아 조사 해역 저어류의 양적 변동은 수온, 혹은 수온과 같은 변화를 보이는 요인에 의하여 결정되는 것으로 판단된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.207-212
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• 2012

The effects of sheep urine and dung patches on methane ($CH_4$) and carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) fluxes were investigated during the summer-autumn in 2010, to evaluate their contribution to climate change in a desert grassland in Inner Mongolia, China. Results indicate that the cumulative $CH_4$ emissions for dung patches, urine patches and control plots were -0.076, -0.084, and -0.114 g/$m^2$ and these were net $CH_4$ sinks during the measured period. The level of $CH_4$ intake from urine and dung plots decreased 25.7%, and 33.3%, respectively, compared with a control plot. $CO_2$ fluxes differed (p<0.01) in urine plots, with an average of 569.20 mg/$m^2$/h compared with control plots (357.62 mg/$m^2$/h) across all sampling days. Dung patches have cumulative $CO_2$ emissions that were 15.9% higher compared with the control during the 55-d period. Overall, sheep excrement weakened $CH_4$ intake and increased $CO_2$ emissions.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.205-211
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• 2011

This study presents physiological rates of oxygen consumption, ammonia excretion, feeding rates, O/N ratio and assimilation efficiency of the blood cockle, Scapharca subcrenata, determined from specimens collected in Yeoja bay on the south coast of Korea. Physiological parameters were measured monthly under static, laboratory controlled conditions with ambient conditions, and measurements were performed seasonally in order to estimate scope for growth and its probable sources of variation. Oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion rates have been increased as temperature increased with the highest value of August, 2008. Feeding rate was the highest during April whereas the lowest was during August which is a period of gametogenesis with minimum biomass of phytoplankton around sampling area. Assimilation efficiency was not significantly different seasonally and O/N ratio decreased during July to August. The scope for growth was negative during high temperature months(July to August), reflecting the high temperature and low feeding rate, and had its highest positive values during spring and autumn. Data on the physiological parameters and scope for growth of Scapharca subcrenata obtained in this study will be used to assess the carrying capacity for blood cockle cultivation.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2009년 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.278-283
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• 2009

This study aims to figure out the old people's needs for modification of their housing to maintain an independent lifestyle despite their health status and living arrangements. The total of 438 residents take part in the questionnaire survey research through the quota sampling method grouped by age (60-64 group, 65-69 group, 70-74 group, and over 75 group), sex (male and female), and house type (apartment houses and others). The results are as follows. (1) The old people's most inspired modification needs in interior spaces are remodeling the heating controls in the living room and the bedroom, ventilation facilities and storage spaces in the kitchen, non-slip tile flooring and ventilation facilities in bathroom, an easy door-lock, non-slip tile flooring, a draft cut-off, and storage spaces in the entrance. Besides they require emergency alarm, easy door and window locks, fire and gas alarm, and furniture with easy handling. It is necessary to supply the aged with the appropriate heating controls for their sensitivity to heat, with enough storage spaces for the increased possessions, and with diverse safety systems reflected blunting of mobility and sensibility. (2) As they grow older, the aged require more remote controls and safety facilities such as emergency alarm, easy locks and furniture with distinguishable colors. Male elderly is more concerned with safety, while female elderly do with convenience due to their different time spending in the house. The elderly residents in the apartment houses require the heating controls, a draft cut-off, and storage space less than other types of houses. Thus modification of the heating controls, a draft cut-off, and storage space are regards as basic needs for the elderly residents in non-apartment houses.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2009년 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.264-267
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• 2009

Today, our lifestyle and residential culture has been changed have been changed by interchange with various countries in various sides. In order to become an internationally recognized residential environment designer in this environment, we must understand the housing viewpoint of residents in a country first. Therefore, this study was intended to obtain useful material for residential environment design of both countries by comparing the housing viewpoint between Chinese students studying in Korea and Korean students. A questionnaire was conducted on 205 Korean students and 193 Chinese students (Korean race) from Y University in random sampling basis. The result is as follows. First, both Korea and China have a higher ratio of apartments in both current and previous types of house. But, both Korea and China have similar ratios between detached house and apartment for a desired type of house at the time of moving in. Second, Korean and Chinese university students consider and as the most important functions of residence, and Chinese university students consider more functions of residence than Korean students. Third, both Korean and Chinese consider a living room as the most important space among housing spaces, but Chinese consider a private room more importantly than Korean. Fourth, overall satisfaction rate of Korean students for current houses was average, and most Chinese students were generally satisfied with their houses.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.375-382
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• 1998

우리나라 서해안에 위치한 서천지방 연안에 10m기상 관측탑을 설치하여 1년동안 관측한 바람자료를 사용하여 지상풍의 기초 통계량, 정상도 및 월별 정규성 검정을 조사하였다. 해륙풍과 같은 국지순환의 영향으로 8훨과 9월에 조차 북풍계열이 나타났다. 두 바람성분간의 상관계수는 6월과 9월사이, 10월과 4월사이 기간동안에 각각 양((+)과 음(-)의 값으로 나타났다. 바람의 정상도는 겨울철에 높게.여름철에 낮게 나타났다. 샘플링 시간이 증가함에 따라 S값의 modal이 감소하고 최대 발생빈도값이 5값의 낮은 영역으로의 이동이 뚜렷하게 나타났다. 패도와 초가 첨도에 기초한 월별 정규성 검정으걸 부터 바람의 동서성분은 봄철에. 남북성분은 늦여름과 초가을에 각각 정규분포를 가짐을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.62-68
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• 1994

뽕나무 추기벌채 후 피해가 큰 가지썩음 증상에서 빙핵활성세균의 분리, 생물검정 및 동정과 밀도를 조사하여 본 결과 1. 총 36개의 분리세균 중 -1$0^{\circ}C$ 이상 온도에서 동결이 되는 세균은 12개였으며, -5$^{\circ}C$ 이상의 온도에서는 2개균주였다. 2. 공시세균의 생물검정에 있어서 토마토와 옥수수에서는 -1$0^{\circ}C$ 이상의 동결균주에서는 일정한 경향을 볼 수 없었으나 뽕나무에서는 -5$^{\circ}C$ 이상에서 동결이 되는 세균에서만 육안으로 확실한 동상해피해를 볼 수 있었다. 3. 뽕나무, 옥수수, 토마토유묘에 피해를 주며 -5$^{\circ}C$ 이상에서 영핵활성이 있는 균주 SE9316, SE9338을 동정해 본 결과 gram음성, 간상형, 운동성이 있고 극모를 가지고 호기성균인 Pseudomonas syringae로 동정되었다. 4. 5cm, 10cm 이병뽕나무가지에서 Pseudomonas 속 영핵활성세균의 밀도는 2월과 4월이 가장 높았고, 5월에는 감소하는 경향이었으며 병반에서 멀어질수록 밀도는 감소하였다. 또한 그 밀도는 105cfu/g 이상으로서 동상해를 유발시키기에 충분한 밀도였다.