• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제103권1호
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• pp.37-42
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• 2014

본 연구는 소나무 임분을 대상으로 토양 코어 샘플링과 미니라이조트론 방법을 이용하여 세근의 분포를 파악하고, 미니라이조트론 자료를 세근 바이오매스로 환산할 수 있는 변환계수와 회귀식을 개발하는 목적으로 수행되었다. 토양 코어 샘플링은 2012년 10월부터 2013년 9월까지 겨울을 제외하고 매월 1회씩 총 9회 실시하여 세근 바이오매스를 측정하였고, 미니라이조트론을 이용하여 2013년 5월부터 8월까지 매월 1회씩 총 4회 세근 표면적을 측정하였다. 0-30 cm 토양 깊이에서 세근 바이오매스와 표면적은 지표에 가까울수록 유의하게 높았으며, 계절별 바이오매스($kg{\cdot}ha^{-1}$)는 여름(3,762.4)과 봄(3,398.0)에 가을(2,551.6)보다 유의하게 높은 값을 보였다. 이와 같은 토양 깊이별 분포는 토양의 양분, 용적밀도 그리고 온도 등의 차이 때문으로 사료되며, 계절적 경향은 대기 온도 및 토양 온도변화에 의해 나타나는 것으로 보인다. 또한 토양 깊이별 세근 표면적과 바이오매스 사이의 변환계수를 구하고, 이를 통하여 미니라이조트론 자료를 환산한 세근 바이오매스와 토양 코어 샘플링 자료인 실측값 사이의 선형회귀식(y = 79.7 + 0.93x, $R^2=0.81$)을 개발하였다. 본 연구에서 개발된 변환계수 및 회귀식은 추후 국내 소나무림의 장기적인 세근 동태를 추정하는데 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.65-75
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• 1978

This study was carried out to investigate air pollution by total suspended particulate(T.S.P.), benzene soluble matter and benzo(a) pyrene in Seoul city. The sampling areas were divided into commercial(Kwang Hwa Moon), indus-trial(Ku Ro Dong) and residensial area(Shin Chon). Sampling was undertaken by High Voulme Air Sampler for four seasons from January 1917 to November 1977. The T.S.P. was extracted with Soxhlet apparatus by benzene and benzo(a) pyrene was separated by column chromatography and thin layer chromatography. The concentrations of benzo(a) pyrene were measured by means of fluorophotometer, and following results were obtained. 1. Arithmetic average concentration for 1-day averaging time of total suspended particulate were $275.6ug/m^3$ in Kwang Hwa Moon, $325.9ug/m^3$ in Ku Ro Dong and $193.0ug/m^3$ in Shin Chon. 2. The seasonal variance of total suspended parti-culate at Ku Ro Dong and Shin Chon were $102.7ug/m^3\;99.6ug/m^3$ respectively and at Kwang Hwa Moon $39.9ug/m^3$. And the concentration of autumn is higher than of that spring at Ku Ro Dong and at Shin Chon, but at Kwang Hwa Moon, the seasonal variance is very little. 3. The concentrations of 50% frequency from geometric mean for 1-day averaging time were $264ug/m^3,\;300ug/m^3\;and\;178ug/m^3$ at Kwang Hwa Moon, Ku Ro Dong and Shin Chon. And geometric standard deviation were 1.27, 1.38 and 1.41 respectively. 4. The concentrations of benzene soluble mater were $26.9ug/m^3$ at Kwang Hwa Moon, $22.7ug/m^3$ at Ku Ro Dong and $15.5ug/m^3$ at Shin Chon, and the ratios to the T.S.P. were 9.8%(range 5.6-14.8%), 7.0%(range 2.4-14.4%) and 8.0%(range 5.5-22.1%) respectively. 5. The concentrations of benzo(a) pyrene were $8.5ug/m^3$ (range $0.8-29.9ug/m^3$) at Kwang Hwa Moon $10.9ug/m^3$(range $1.1-52.0ug/m^3$) at Ku Ro Dong and $5.8ug/m^3$(range $1.5-11.4ug/m^3$) at Shin Chon. 6. The results of this investigation were relatively high in compared with the recommended standards of suspended particulate in air of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and observed levels of benzo(a)-pyrene in U.S. city.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.441-451
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• 2013

인천연안 8개 지역 갯벌의 72개 지점의 표층퇴적물과 24개 지점의 주상퇴적물 시료를 2011년 봄 가을 2회에 걸쳐 채취하여, 다환방향족탄화수소(PAHs), 석유계총탄화수소(TPHs) 및 벤젠-톨루엔-에틸벤젠-자일렌(BTEX)의 시 공간적 농도분포 특성을 조사하였다. 또한 PAHs 화합물 구성비에 의한 오염발생기원을 평가하였다. 갯벌 전체의 PAHs 평균농도는 $95.62{\mu}g/kg$으로 조사되었고, 계절별 PAHs 농도분포는 가을철이 봄철보다 낮은 특징을 보였다. 주상퇴적물의 PAHs 농도가 표층퇴적물보다 높았으며, 주상퇴적물의 상부가 하부보다 높은 농도분포를 보였다. 전체 갯벌의 TPHs 평균농도는 46 mg/kg으로 조사되었고, TPHs 평균농도 분포 양상은 봄철보다 가을철이 현저하게 높고, 표층퇴적물이 주상퇴적물보다 높게 나타났다. 갯벌 퇴적물내 PAHs의 오염발생 기원을 평가한 결과, 장화리 갯벌의 표층퇴적물과 소래 및 옥련 갯벌의 주상퇴적물의 PAHs 배출원은 연소와 석유류기원으로 조사되었고, 나머지 모든 갯벌은 연소기원으로 나타났다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2021

This study was performed to identify the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis in diarrhea feces of Korean native calves raised in Gimje, Jeollabuk-do, with a rapid diagnostic kit. The prevalence of both diseases were classified according to the age of calf, season of sampling period, and sampled farm where diarrheic calf is commonly observed. In diarrhea feces of 431 calves, cryptosporidiosis had a high incidence rate between 1 and 3 weeks of age, whereas giardiasis showed a high incidence between 4 and 6 weeks of age. It is thought that the incidence of protozoan diseases is markedly influenced by the calf's postnatal age. Regarding with the sampling season, the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis in calves was significantly higher in spring and summer than in autumn and winter (P<0.05). Among the sampled farms where both diseases are commonly observed, cryptosporidiosis was more frequently detected than giardiasis in calves. Particularly, in farms where cryptosporidiosis is common, it tends to be a disease that is difficult to eradicate as it occurs continuously throughout the year. Hygiene management such as regular cleaning and disinfection of the livestock and the surrounding environments is considered necessary to reduce and prevent damage from these protozoal diseases.

• 생태와환경
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.374-383
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 국내 유일의 민물김 서식지이며 생태·경관보전지역인 소한계곡의 저서성대형무척추동물 다양성을 분석하였다. 저서성대형무척추동물의 조사는 소한계곡의 발원지를 포함하여 총 3개 지점에서 계절 조사를 수행하였으며, 2011년에 수행된 과거 조사 자료와 비교하였다. 본 연구의 조사 결과, 총 2문 3강 7목 25과 42종의 출현이 확인되었으며, 개체수 및 종수는 2020년 삼척시에 직접적인 영향을 끼친 태풍 하이선, 마이삭의 영향으로 모든 조사지점에서 급격하게 감소하였다. 섭식기능군 분석 결과 주워먹는 무리의 비율이 전 조사지점에서 가장 높았으나, 가을철 최상류 구간에서 썰어먹는 무리의 비율이 13.4~42.4%로 증가하였다. 기존에 수행된 2011년 조사와 비교시 총 2문 3강 8목 22과 53종의 출현이 확인되어 본 연구보다 11종이 많이 출현하였다. 하루살이목, 강도래목, 날도래목의 종 및 개체수 비율이 조사연도와 관계없이 50% 이상을 차지하였으며, 하루살이목의 종수만 2.9종에서 6.7종으로 유의하게 증가하였다. 본 연구에서는 기존에 수행된 2011년과 비교하였을 때 저서성대형무척추동물의 다양성에 큰 변화는 확인되지 않았으나, 강수량 변화 등과 같은 기후영향에 따른 저서성대형무척추동물의 급감, 종조성 변화가 확인된 바 지속적인 모니터링을 통해 생태·경관보전지역인 소한계곡의 보전·관리 방안 마련을 위한 기초자료 확보가 필요한 것으로 판단된다.

• 생태와환경
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.499-511
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• 2008

The major focus of this study is to evaluate a newly developed stream naturalness index system 'Habitat-riparian Indexing System (HIS).' There have been many studies that have assessed stream naturalness in order to provide information required for restoration. The results of these studies were enough for the purpose of the studies; however, the methodologies were limited especially with respect to rapid measurement and the representation of ecological habitats. Therefore, we derived crucial variables from a popularly utilized method and merged them with other criteria obtained from overseas approaches, resulting in the development of the HIS method. The stability of HIS was evaluated by comparing the results with the Stream Naturalness Index (SNI) of Cho (1997). We monitored 100 stream sites in the Nakdong River system using the two different methods for two sampling periods (spring and autumn), and the results were compared using statistical analyses. The determination coefficients between the index values from two methods were c.a. 0.6 for both seasons, and statistics revealed that HIS had a relatively higher stability, providing index values for stream environments. The results of this work suggest a possibility of the utility of HIS for other stream habitats.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.438-445
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• 1993

1991년 가을에는 1992년 여름 사이 아산만에서 otter trawl로 저어류 자료를 수집하여 저어류의 계절 및 정점간의 군집구조를 분석하였다. 출현한 34종 중, 참서대(Cynoglossus joyneri), 민태(Johnius belengeri), 곤어리(Thrissa koreana) 및 등가시치(Zoarces gillii)가 총 채집개체수의 $93\%$를 차지하였다. 위의 4종 중 부어류인 곤어리를 제외한 우점 3종은 저질이 세립질인 만 내부에서 생물량이 많았다. 각 계절 정점간 군집구조를 rank correlation을 이용하여 주성분 분석한 결과, 정점간에는 큰 차이가 없었고 계절에 따른 군집구조 변화는 뚜렷하였으며, 그 변화는 수온, 혹은 수온과 상관관계를 갖는 요인에 의하여 좌우됨을 알 수 있었다. 조사해역은 수온의 연교차가 크고, 조류에 의한 해수의 혼합이 활발하여 이에 적응한 소수종이 우점하고 이 우점저어류는 퇴적물의 입도에 따라 그 분포가 결정되지만, 출현 개체수가 적은 대부분의 종은 정점간에 큰 차이를 보이지 않고 계절에 따라 군집구조가 변하여 가는 것으로 보인다.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2006년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.115-122
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• 2006

"Purpose of this study was to investigate influence on preference of cohousing (eg. intention to spread and intention to move in cohousing) according to sense of community by married people residing in Seoul and its outskirts. Research method used for this study was a social survey. Respondents were 214 people by accidential sampling. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS 12.0 program using frequency, mean, average, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Duncan's Multiple Range test and Multiple Regression. Findings of this study were as follows. 1) Though respondents took part in interaction meetings rarely, they took part more often in meetings for health issue, leisure and hobby. Members of meetings were mostly job colleagues. 2) The respondents were interested in meetings for exchange of used stuffs, and children and the youth program most. It was revealed that the group taking part in meetings more often have higher sense of community than others. 3) Respondents who were older, who have been living longer in the same town had higher sense of community as well as closer interaction with neighbors than others. 4) As respondents showed positive response about preference of cohousing, there was a difference between intention to spread and intention to move in cohousing. While women, more educated, less income, and higher sense of community groups showed higher intention to spread cohousing, home owner and higher sense of community groups showed higher intention to move in cohousing.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2006년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.123-130
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• 2006

This is a basic study to investigate possibility to application of cohousing model into Korea. Purpose of this study is to grasp respondents' housing value, and its influence on intention to live in cohousing. Research method used for this study was a social survey. Respondents were 214 married people residing in Seoul and its outskirts by accidential sampling. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS 12.0 program using frequency, mean, average, factor analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Duncan's multiple range test, multiple regression and logit analysis. Result of this study was as follows. Housing values were classified into three categories named as individualism oriented housing value, tradition oriented housing value, and economy oriented housing value. Housing values were different by respondents groups. For example, individualism oriented housing value showed difference according to age and housing area. Tradition oriented housing value showed difference according to sex, occupation, and period of residence, while economy oriented housing value showed difference according to number of family members, housing type, and home ownership. In detail, men than women, single-income family than double-income family, and detached house resident than flat resident had higher tradition oriented housing value. The younger than the elder, and Seoul resident than outskirts resident had higher economy oriented housing value. Also home owner than tenant, and the higher tradition oriented group had stronger intention to live in cohousing than others.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.407-414
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• 2012

Objectives: This study was performed to assess based on field investigation the distribution characteristics of airborne fungi in an area of Seongdong-gu, Seoul. Methods: Three sites, a living area, forest and traffic site, were selected for evaluation of monthly level of outdoor airborne fungi. An on-site survey was executed between January 2009 and December 2009. During the experimental period, air sampling was performed every month in the afternoon (2:00 pm-5:00 pm) using a cascade impactor. Results: Outdoor airborne fungi measured in Seoul, Korea over one year showed a concentration range from 850CFU $m^{-3}$ to 15,200CFU $m^{-3}$. The mean respirable fraction of outdoor airborne fungi was 67% compared to total concentration. Regardless of measurement site, there was no significant concentration difference in outdoor airborne fungi between periods of yellow dust and non-yellow dust (p>0.05). There was no significant correlation relationship between outdoor airborne fungi and atmospheric factors such as temperature and relative humidity. The predominant genera of airborne fungi identified were Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Paecilomyces and Penicillium. Conclusion: Monthly levels of outdoor airborne fungi were highest in April and November and lowest in August. In seasonal concentration distribution, the autumn showed the highest level of outdoor airborne fungi, followed by spring, summer and winter. In regional concentration distribution, the highest level of outdoor airborne fungi was generally found in the forest, followed by the living area and traffic site.