• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.10B no.2
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• pp.127-134
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• 2003

This paper is intended to develop an algorithm for automatic detection of traffic accidents using image sequences. This algorithm is designed for detecting stopped vehicles traffic accidents, break down, illegal stop in the road shoulder - on the range of camera view. Virtual traps are set on accident-prone spots. We analyze the changes in gray levels of pixels on the virtual traps which represent the motion of vehicles on the corresponding spots. We verify the proposed algorithm by simulating some situations and checking if it detect them correctly.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.43 no.9 s.351
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• pp.135-141
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• 2006

In order to prevent traffic accident, it is very important that the driver regulates the location of rear view mirror using the automatic seat regulation system which guarantees the maximum vision of the possibility for accuracy. In order to solve this problem the paper deals with the automatic seat control system which guarantees comfortable and safe seating and good visual field. Also a automatic car seat control algorithm has been developed to regulate the back mirror. Particularly, the automatic seat control algorithm function for the air bag operation in case of an accident has been added depending on passengers weight. Moreover when the driver passes a dangerous area an algorithm has been developed which gives the driver a naming sign and has been simulated in a ubiquitous environment. The simulation result proved that the Intelligence analysis for traffic accidents can reduce franc accidents more than 25% than the currently existing methods.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.33 no.10
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• pp.685-690
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• 2009

International Maritime Organization (IMO) recommends the installation of an Automatic Identification System (AIS) according to requirements by SOLAS to avoid maritime collision. AIS provides traffic information of other ships that may be used for maritime traffic control, SAR (Search and Rescue) and collision avoidance to apply safety management. In this paper, preliminary results to implement an aeronautical surveillance transceiver using AIS transceiver based on ADS-B concepts are described. Although altitude information is not required for AIS since the AIS is operated at MSL (Mean Sea Level), altitude information can be extracted by a GPS (Global Positioning System) chip-set in the AIS transceiver. ADS-B transceiver is implemented by defining a surveillance message format including the altitude information and modifying SOTDMA (Self-Organizing Time Division Multiple Access) protocol. Ground tests and flight tests are performed to validate the implementation results.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.19-20
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• 2009

International Maritime Organization(IMO) recommends the installation of an Automatic Identification System(AIS) according to requirements by SOLAS Chapter 5 to avoid maritime collision. AIS provides traffic information of other ships that may be used for maritime traffic control, SAR(Search and Rescue) and collision avoidance to apply safety management. In this paper, preliminary results to implement an aeronautical surveillance transceiver using AIS transceiver based on ADS-B concepts are described. Although altitude information is not required for AIS since the AIS is operated at MSL(Mean Sea Level), altitude information can be extracted by a GPS chip-set in the ALS transceiver. ADS-B transceiver is implemented by defining a surveillance message format including the altitude information and modifying SOTDMA protocol. Ground tests and flight tests are performed to validate the implementation results.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.256-261
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• 2013

The AIS(Automatic Identification System) has been widely used for ship safety at sea over the last 10 years. The AIS traffic load at VDL(VHF Data Link) has been continuously increased. As the traffic load at VDL increases, the quality of AIS service may be deteriorated. In the previous research, the AIS traffic has been analyzed in the major ports of Korea, and its problem due to traffic overload has been suggested. However, no solutions has been given so far. In this paper, the method of autimatically controlling the VDL traffic at AIS base station is represented.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.17C no.1
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• pp.99-108
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• 2010

The traffic classification is a preliminary but essentialstep for stable network service provision and efficient network resource management. While various classification methods have been introduced in literature, the payload signature-based classification is accepted to give the highest performance in terms of accuracy, completeness, and practicality. However, the collection and maintenance of up-to-date signatures is very difficult and time consuming process to cope with the dynamics of Internet traffic over time. In this paper, We propose an automatic payload signature generation mechanism which reduces the time for signature generation and increases the granularity of signatures. Furthermore, We describe a signature update system to keep the latest signatures over time. By experiments with our campus network traffic we proved the feasibility of our mechanism.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.887-892
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• 2023

Vessel traffic service(VTS) centers are equipped with RADAR, AIS(Automatic Identification System), weather sensors, and VHF(Very High Frequency). VTS operators use this equipment to observe the movement of ships operating in the VTS area and provide information. The VTS data generated by these various devices is highly valuable for analyzing maritime traffic situation. However, owing to a lack of compatibility between system manufacturers or policy issues, they are often not systematically managed. Therefore, we developed the VTS Bigdata Platform that could efficiently collect, store, and manage control data collected by the VTS, and this paper describes its design and implementation. A microservice architecture was applied to secure operational stability that was one of the important issues in the development of the platform. In addition, the performance of the platform could be improved by dualizing the storage for real-time navigation information. The implemented system was tested using real maritime data to check its performance, identify additional improvements, and consider its feasibility in a real VTS environment.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.203-209
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• 2016

Among the various fields in the communications, navigation, and surveillance/air traffic management (CNS/ATM) scheme, the surveillance field, which includes an automatic dependent surveillance - broadcast (ADS-B) system and a multilateration (MLAT) system, is implemented using satellite and digital communications technology. These systems provide better performance than radar, but still incur position error. To reduce the error, we propose an efficient information fusion method called the reweighted convex combination method for ADS-B and MLAT systems. The reweighted convex combination method improves aircraft tracking performance compared to the original convex combination method by readjusting the weights given to these systems. In this paper, we prove that the reweighted convex combination method always provides better performance than the original convex combination method. Performance from the fusion of ADS-B and MLAT improves an average of 51.51% when compared to the original data.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.74-85
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• 2010

For the purpose of compromising hosts, attackers including infected hosts initially perform a portscan using IP addresses in order to find vulnerable hosts. Considerable research related to portscan detection has been done and many algorithms have been proposed and implemented in the network intrusion detection system (NIDS). In order to distinguish portscanners from remote hosts, most portscan detection algorithms use a fixed threshold that is manually managed by the network manager. Because the threshold is a constant, even though the network environment or the characteristics of traffic can change, many false positives and false negatives are generated by NIDS. This reduces the efficiency of NIDS and imposes a high processing burden on a network management system (NMS). In this paper, in order to address this problem, we propose an automatic portscan detection system using an fast increase slow decrease (FISD) scheme, that will automatically and adaptively set the threshold based on statistical data for traffic during prior time periods. In particular, we focus on reducing false positives rather than false negatives, while the threshold is adaptively set within a range between minimum and maximum values. We also propose a new portscan detection algorithm, rate of increase in the number of failed connection request (RINF), which is much more suitable for our system and shows better performance than other existing algorithms. In terms of the implementation, we compare our scheme with other two simple threshold estimation methods for an adaptive threshold setting scheme. Also, we compare our detection algorithm with other three existing approaches for portscan detection using a real traffic trace. In summary, we show that FISD results in less false positives than other schemes and RINF can fast and accurately detect portscanners. We also show that the proposed system, including our scheme and algorithm, provides good performance in terms of the rate of false positives.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.28-36
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• 2002

The main purpose of this study was to estimate a new regression model to explain the relationship between urban forest and air temperature in summer, 2001. This study consists of two parts: correlation coefficient analysis and regression analysis. According to correlation coefficient analysis, thermal infra-red radiations of the major land use categories found significant difference in each category. However there were no significant relationship between the data (thermal infra-red radiation and NDVI) derived from Landsat-7 ETM+ image and air temperature at Automatic Weather Stations(AWSs). After estimating various regression models for summer air temperature, the final models were chosen. The final regression models consisted of two variables such as forest m and traffic facilities area. The regression models explained over 78% of the variability in air temperatures. The regression models with variables of forest area and traffic facilities area showed that the coefficient of the first variable was even more significant than the second one. However, the negative impact of the traffic facilities area was slightly greater than the positive impact of the forest area. Consequently, the effects of forest area and traffic facilities area were apparent to explain summer air temperature in Seoul. Therefore two policies have the most important implications to mitigate the summer air temperature in Seoul: to expand and to conserve the urban forest; and to change the Oafnc facilities'characteristics. The results from this study are expected to be useful not merely in informing the public that urban forest mitigates summer air temperahne, but in urging the necessity of budgets for trees and managing urban forests. It is recommended that field swey of summer air temperature be Performed for the vadidation of the models. The main purpose of this study was to estimate a new regression model to explain the relationship between urban forest and air temperature in summer, 2001. This study consists of two parts: correlation coefficient analysis and regression analysis. According to correlation coefficient analysis, thermal infra-red radiations of the major land use categories found significant difference in each category. However there were no significant relationship between the data (thermal infra-red radiation and NDVI) derived from Landsat-7 ETM+ image and air temperature at Automatic Weather Stations(AWSs). After estimating various regression models for summer air temperature, the final models were chosen. The final regression models consisted of two variables such as forest m and traffic facilities area. The regression models explained over 78% of the variability in air temperatures. The regression models with variables of forest area and traffic facilities area showed that the coefficient of the first variable was even more significant than the second one. However, the negative impact of the traffic facilities area was slightly greater than the positive impact of the forest area. Consequently, the effects of forest area and traffic facilities area were apparent to explain summer air temperature in Seoul. Therefore two policies have the most important implications to mitigate the summer air temperature in Seoul: to expand and to conserve the urban forest; and to change the traffic facilities'characteristics. The results from this study are expected to be useful not merely in informing the public that urban forest mitigates summer air temperature, but in urging the necessity of budgets for trees and managing urban forests. It is recommended that field survey of summer air temperature be Performed for the vadidation of the models.