• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.3-9
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• 1996

Sowing with an automatic seed metering device is increasing in popularity. Since 100% planting is not likely, a major problem is to find any place which contains no seeds between row spacings in the agricultural field. Automatic sowing technology, including the implementation of a microcomputer, appears to be an attractive alternative to the use of manual labor for accomplishing this task. Thus, the multi-purpose seeder attached to a cultivator was designed and constructed with an automatic seed metering device. This seeder proved to be a reliable system for sowing seeds in the agricultural field. Multi-purpose seeder for cultivator consists of an automatic seed metering device, a trench device, a covering device, and a press wheel

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.147-154
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• 2017

Purpose: To reduce the costs of potato seeds and labor of workers, a fully automatic in-situ seeding machine for cutting seed potatoes was developed. Methods: An experiment was conducted to evaluate the seeder performance of the prototype of potato planter by cutting seeds in farmlands from March to April 2017. The study tested the seeder performance at working speeds ranging from 0.28 to 0.45 m/s. The seeding rate and seeding distance were also investigated according to the planned distance between planted seeds from 20 to 30 cm, with 5 cm intervals. Results: Tests on the performance of the developed cutting blade on the automatic potato seeder show that whole potatoes should be used instead of half potatoes. The seeding rates were 88.8% and 82.5% for whole and half potatoes, respectively. When the tractor working speed was increased from 0.28 to 0.45 m/s, the successful seeding rate decreased from 98.8% to 96.3%, respectively. However, with planted seed distances of 20, 25, and 30 cm, the successful seeding rates were near 98%. Conclusions: The developed automatic potato seeder can to improve the labor productivity and cultivation environment of potato farms by the mechanization of the seeding process, which is currently associated with high-labor, -costs, and -hours. Therefore, based on this study, the developed automatic potato seeder provides the mechanization necessary for improved potato cultivation conditions in farmlands.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.434-443
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• 2011

A large scale seeding system was stable in terms of techniques but a convenient seeding system of small size was unsettled. This study was performed to develop a semi-automatic seeder for small and medium sized scale farm. To investigate optimum needle diameter and vacuum pressure was used vacuum suction needle seeder. Although the needle diameter according to the kinds of seed was different, the needle diameter for salvia and lettuce seed was suitable for 0.34 mm needle nozzle and 0.4 mm taper nozzle. The prototype consisted a seeding frame attached with needle nozzle, seed hopper, vibrating device, seeding part, vacuum ejector, seed tube etc.. As the result with the experiments, the seeding rate of the seeder was 92% and more at 0.34 mm diameter needle nozzle and 0.4 mm taper nozzle. Eccentric weight for seed hopper vibration was suitable that weight is 11 g and eccentric distance is 0.5 mm. Vibration acceleration of upward direction was 0.363 m/$s^2$. Working capacity of the seeder was possible 160 trays per hour. It was possible for sowing small seeds but it was required to make compact and simple model.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 1996년도 학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.192-197
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• 1996

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제22권
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• pp.19-27
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• 2004

마늘 총 재배면적은 우리나라 채소재배면적의 약 9%을 점유하고 있으며, 연간 수요량도 1,000~1,500톤 정도씩 늘어가는 추세이다. 또한 개인 소비량도 약 10kg 내외로 매년 증가추세이므로 농가에서는 중요한 소득 작물로 자리 잡고 있다. 본 연구는 경운기 부착형 마늘 자동 파종기 개발에 필요한 설계인자 구명을 위하여 파종 작업과정, 파종방법, 마늘 종구의 파종깊이와 파종자세에 따른 생육상태를 조사하였고 마늘의 크기와 무게를 측정하였다. 또한 마늘 인편을 자유 낙하시켰을 경우의 인편의 착지자세를 조사하였다. 또한 가장 핵심 부분인 마늘 배종 장치의 자동정렬장치 개발을 위해 Working Model 3D Program를 이용하여 설계요소를 파악하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 마늘의 크기를 측정한 결과 평균 폭 3cm, 높이 3cm 길이 4cm로 나타났다. 2. 마늘의 무게는 평균 4g정도였다. 3. 마늘 파종 깊이는 3cm가 적정함을 알 수 있었다. 4. 마늘 배종장치는 마늘을 자유 낙하시키는 장치로 개발한다. 5. 마늘을 15cm의 일정한 간격으로 파종하기 위해서 종구는 약 0.75초마다 하나씩 파종기에서 배종되어야 한다. 6. 마늘 자동정렬장치의 설계인자는 원통의 지름(D) 4cm, 원통사이의 거리(d) 1cm, 회전수 36rpm, 원통의 경사각(${\Theta}$) $8.4^{\circ}$가 가장 적당한 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.91-98
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• 1994

Planting, transplanting, and harvesting are important processes for the successful production of farm products in Korea because those require the high labor intensity during limitted period. Recently, many researches of using automatic control with a microcomputer are carried in the agricultural field, but are not much spread to the seeder development. Automatic sowing technology would be much attractive if there was a way to assure that each seed was count accurately in the seed metering device. Thus, an automatic seed metering device was designed and constructed to be controlled by microcomputer. This device could be improved in not only counting the number of seeds in but also sowing seeds between row spacings. Automatic seed metering device consisted of conveyor belt and temporary storage device. Performance of seed metering device depends on the apparatus including sensor, stepping motor and DC-solenoid. Research contents and results are summarized as follows. 1. The seed metering device involving seed hopper, sorter and temporary storage device was designed and constructed. 2. A seed counting system with six photo electric sensors, designed and built for this project, was adequate for tranferring and counting seeds accurately. 3. Operating algorithm for stepping motor and photo electric DC-solenoid was developed. The Seed metering device proved to be a smooth and accurate operating device using the algorithm. 4. The performance of second prototype metering device was examined with five kinds of seeds ; mung beans, red beans, white beans, black beans and corn to transfer and count the seeds. The error ratio of seed metering was less than 3.5%.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.123-133
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• 1996

An automatic drum seeder was developed to improve the seeding operation. It consisted of a conveyor to transfer seedling trays, a seed-hopper to supply seeds, a drum to drop seeds on the tray, and an air blower to remove extra seeds. A photo sensor was used to detect the transfer of seedling trays, and its signal was fed into microcomputer which operated a stepping motor driving the drum. The seeds were adhered to the surface of drum by vacuum pressure, and were dropped into tray cells by compressed air. An air connection unit was devised to alternate between vacuum pressure and compressed air. A control program for the system, written in C language, could operate the drum at the given number of revolutions and revolutions per minute. The results showed that the air connection unit could operate well and the seeds were dropped satisfactorily into tray cells. In case of cabbage and perilla seeds, which are regular and spherical shape, the missing rate was low and the single seeding rate was more than 97%. Low missing rate and high multiple seeding rate were observed in lettuce seeds which have narrow ends with tight weight. The missing rate of pepper seed was very high because of heavy weight and irregular shape. To improve the performance of the seeder, adjustment of vacuum pressure based upon shape and weight of the seeds, careful selection of the material of drum, maintenance of consistent air blower pressure, and replacement of stepping motor to DC motor are recommended.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제65권2호
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• pp.151-155
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• 2020

본 연구는 논 직파재배시 적정 파종방법에 따른 인삼의 출아와 생육에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 수행하였고, 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 논 인삼 직파재배농가들이 가장 많이 사용하는 반자동식 파종기(SAS)를 이용할 경우에는 작업속도가 빠르지만 인건비가 높은 단점이 있었고, 굴렁쇠파종기(HS)는 작업속도가 빠르고, 출아율도 높았지만 작업자가 8명이 소요되고, 작업자의 피로도가 높은 단점이 있었다. 파종기별 하루 작업면적은 전동식이 가장 많은 6,611 ㎡ 였지만 파종시 종자소모량이 많은 단점을 보였고, 3,305 ㎡를 파종하는데 걸리는 작업시간은 산파가 가장 길은 15시간이 걸렸고, 반자동식(SAS)은 8시간이 소요되었다. 직파재배 파종방법에 따른 1년생 인삼의 출아율은 산파가 69.1%로 가장 높았고, 수동식파종기와 굴렁쇠파종기 처리구의 출아율도 66.4%와 67.3%로 양호하였으며, 반자동 파종기 처리구의 출아율은 64.2%로 가장 낮았다. 또한, 파종방법에 따른 1년생 인삼의 지상부 및 지하부 생육은 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 따라서 인삼재배 농가의 경제적 규모에 따라 적절한 파종방법을 선택할 수 있는데 영세적 규모일 경우 산파가 적합하고, 규모화 된 재배농가는 전동식 파종기(MDS)를 활용하여 직파하는 것이 적합하다고 생각된다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.22-33
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• 1978

To maintain the self-sufficiency of food production , it is required to improved the productivity and increase the effective utilization of land in the double cropping areas using improved cultivation technology. The following reasons encourage this cours of action because the overlapping rice harvest and barely seeding seasons complete for labour, the lower price of barley makes it financially less attractive to grow and these two facts together are responsible for a decrease in barley being planted in certain more seasonably marginal double cropping areas. Fro these reasons, it is desirable to carry out tests to improve the current cultivation techniques . In this interest , the following studies were carried out in the experimental field located at Banweol-myeon, Whasung-jkun, Gyeonggi-do from October 1977 to July 1978 in order to establish the mechanical method of barley cultivation using the power tiller. The summarized results are as follows. 1. The work performance in the seeding operation using the rotary barley seeder was 68 minutes per 10 ares which compares favourably with 408 min/10a using the conventional method. This is only one sixth of the time required by th conventional method. The operating costs using the rotary barley seeder was 1, 463 won per 10 areas as against 3, 486 Won per 10 ares for the conventional method, showing a saving of about 50% in comparison with the conventional method. 2. In the manure spreading operation, the work performance was 25 min/10a for the manure spreading machine , compared to 1089 min/10a for the manual operations. This is about one fourth of the time required by the conventional method, The operating costs were 810 Won/10a for the machine and 857 Won/10a for the manual labour. This cost shows little advantage by the machine over the manual labor costs. The conventional method of manure spreading will continue pending decision which will develope and improve the machine.3. Work performance in the rolling operation using the barley rolIer was 30 min/lOa which compares favourably with 135 min/10a using conventional method. This was one fourth of the time required by the conventional method. The operating costs were 514 Won/103. for the machine and 1, 003 Won/lOa for manual labour. In the weed control operation, the work performance and operating costs were 45min/lOa, 1, 399won/10a for the herbcide application using the power sprayer, 1, 149min/10a 8, 541won/lOa for the conventional method respectively. This is 26 times higher efficiency in comparison to the conventional method. 4. In the harvesting operation using the reaper binder and tiller attachment, the work performance was 60min/lOa and represents a cost of 2, 039won/10a. The con\ulcornerventional method took 640min/10a at a cost of 4, 757won/lOa. The reaper binder showns a saving of one tenth over the conventional method. The automatic thresher is already recommended for the current situations, and is now being used. 5. From a comparison of the results of the above trials, the serial cultivation system using the attachment for the power tiller such as the rotary barley seeder is now to be recommended for the current barley cultivation system. It is also recommend from these results that the mechanized technology now available must be used to improve and maintain the increase in barley production. It is seen th1t this is the only course now avaihble to solve the peak seasonal requirements of labour needed for l11rvesting and seeding between rice and barley cultivation.