• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2020

The main purpose of the research is to prevent residents who are using underground parking lot from being exposed to pollusion, and to allow them to enjoy clean indoor environment. The study subject for the research are underground parking lots in 20 different apartments, 4 of them were constructed before 2000, 10 were constructed from 2000-2010, and the rest were constructed after 2010. By analyzing the air quality in these underground parking lots, we found out that O3, NO2, CO, PM10, Radon in all parking lots were not excessive compared to the standard limit. TVOC rate was measured with the value in between 312 ~ 2,137㎍/m3, with CO2 value in between 193~1,824 ppm, and HCHO with the value in between 0.01~1.52ppm. The lightning system in underground parking lots in apartments constructed before 2000 were using manual light control system, while automatic light control system was used in all apartments constructed after 2000, and the brightness of parking lots in apartments constructed before 2000 was quite low. The apartments constructed after 2000 are performing cleaning and ventilation due to management agreement, while the apartments constructed before 2000 are not performing regular cleaning and there was no mechanical ventilation system installed. The difference of indoor air quality was significant seasonally, daily, and yearly (year of construction), while illuminance was significantly different yearly.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.1083-1088
• /
• 2014

최근 영상 기술과 ICT 기술의 발전으로 인해 다양한 형태의 영상처리 서비스가 가능하게 되고, 이러한 기술을 활용하는 응용 서비스가 다양화 되고 있다. 자동차 번호판 인식은 주차관리 등 차량의 정보를 인지하는 곳에 사용되는데 기존의 시스템들은 주차권 발급이나 불필요한 장비 부착 등 경제적인 단점을 갖고 있다. 이러한 문제점을 개선하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 OpenCV를 근간으로 한 emguCV를 이용하여 차량의 고유번호인 자동차 번호판 인식을 통한 자동 주차관리 시스템을 설계 및 구현하였다. 그리고 사용자 프로그램 개발에 가장 최신 기술인 WPF를 이용하여 각 주차 차량의 상세정보와 주차 시간 및 남은 주차 공간 정보 등 전체 주차관리 사항을 화면이동 없이 관리할 수 있도록 개선된 UI를 설계하였다. 본 논문에서 사용된 emguCV는 Intel 기반의 환경에서 최적화된 성능을 나타내었다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 0.5초 이내의 번호판 인식 처리 시간과 90% 이상의 인식률이라는 결과를 얻었다. 또한 관리자가 전체 시스템을 간편하고 직관적으로 관리할 수 있게 UI가 개선되었음을 보였다.

• 문화기술의 융합
• /
• 제7권4호
• /
• pp.635-640
• /
• 2021

본 논문에서는 촬영된 주차장 사진으로부터 빈 주차 공간을 자동 식별할 수 있는 주차 공간 자동 식별 시스템에 대해 설명한다. 이 시스템은 딥러닝 기법에 기반한 시스템으로, 다양한 주차장 사진들을 토대로 학습을 진행하여 식별 결과의 정확도가 높으며, 기존의 주차 관리 시스템에 적용할 수 있다. 한편, 본 시스템은 손쉬운 적용 테스트를 위해, 스마트폰용 애플리케이션으로도 개발되었다. 따라서 스마트폰 카메라를 통해 주차장 사진을 찍으면, 촬영된 이미지를 자동 인식하며 빈 주차 공간을 자동 식별할 수 있다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.591-598
• /
• 2016

자동차 운행에 있어서 최종적인 단계는 주차로 마무리 되는데, 특히 운전을 처음 배우는 사람들이 가장 어려워하며, 협소한 주차공간에서의 주차는 초보자뿐만 아니라 일반 운전자도 편하지는 않다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 주차 조향 보조 시스템, 자동 항속 제어 시스템 등이 개발되어 운전자의 편의성을 향상시키고 있고, 초음파, 카메라, 열화상 카메라 또는 레이더 등을 이용하여 운전자에게 주변 환경을 보다 정확하게 인지할 수 있도록 주차 보조 시스템이 개발되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 카메라 위치가 차량 후면 어느 곳에 위치하든 중앙부에 위치했을 때와 동일하게 영상을 처리할 수 있도록 후진 회전 반경 식을 제안하고, 실차 검증을 통해 주차 가이드라인을 생성하고자 한다.

• 교통기술과정책
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.105-107
• /
• 2010

• 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
• /
• 제50권3호
• /
• pp.114-119
• /
• 2001

An automatic train operation(ATO) system executes the operation of constant speed travelling and fixed point parking by using microprocessors instead of driver's manual operation. This paper describes the mathematical model for the train considering unknown disturbances which consist of start resistance, travelling resistance, slope resistance, curve resistance, and so on. The speed controller of ATO system is designed by considering the disturbances. The simulation is executed to verify the speed control and fixed point parking performance and to compare its performance with that of a PID-type ATO control system under disturbances. Simulation results show that the control performance of gain scheduled control scheme for ATO system is better than that of the conventional PID controller.

• 로봇학회논문지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.33-41
• /
• 2015

Recent developments in robotics and intelligent vehicle area, bring interests of people in an autonomous driving ability and advanced driving assistance system. Especially fully automatic parking ability is one of the key issues of intelligent vehicles, and accurate parked vehicles detection is essential for this issue. In previous researches, many types of sensors are used for detecting vehicles, 2D LiDAR is popular since it offers accurate range information without preprocessing. The L shape feature is most popular 2D feature for vehicle detection, however it has an ambiguity on different objects such as building, bushes and this occurs misdetection problem. Therefore we propose the accurate vehicle detection method by using a 3D complete vehicle model in 3D point clouds acquired from front inclined 2D LiDAR. The proposed method is decomposed into two steps: vehicle candidate extraction, vehicle detection. By combination of L shape feature and point clouds segmentation, we extract the objects which are highly related to vehicles and apply 3D model to detect vehicles accurately. The method guarantees high detection performance and gives plentiful information for autonomous parking. To evaluate the method, we use various parking situation in complex urban scene data. Experimental results shows the qualitative and quantitative performance efficiently.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국철도학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.280-287
• /
• 1999

An automatic train operation(ATO) system executes the operation of constant speed travelling and fixed point parking by using microprocessors instead of drivers manual operation. This paper describes the mathematical model for the train considering unknown disturbances which consist of start resistance, travelling resistance, slope resistance, curve resistance, and so on. The speed controller of ATO system is designed by considering the disturbances. The simulation is executed to verify the speed control and fixed point parking performance and to compare its performance with that of a PID-type ATO control system under disturbances. Simulation results show that the control performance of gain scheduled control scheme fur ATO system is better than that of the conventional PID controller.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국철도학회 1998년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.255-261
• /
• 1998

The train automatic operation control system is an on-board train control system that is widely adopted in modern rapid transit systems. The control system consists of TCMS(Train Control and Monitoring System), ATC(Automatic Train Control), ATO(Automatic Train Operation) and TWC(Train to wayside communication) in the train and wayside facilities. The functions of the system is to regulate train riding comfort, to service limited speed and smoothness during start, acceleration, constant speed travel, and fixed point parking under the corresponding commands. The paper describes the simulation model of the train automatic operation control of subway system, configuration of simulator hardware and software and operational algorithms.

• 로봇학회논문지
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2008

Automatic parking assist system is one of the key technologies of the future automobiles. Control problem of a car-like vehicle is not easy due to the nonholonomic constraints. In this paper, a practical solution for planning a car-parking path is proposed according to the proposed motion space (M-space) approach. The M-space is the extension of the conventional configuration space (C-space). A collision-free, nonholonomic feasible path can be directly computed by the M-space conversion and a back-propagation of reachable regions from the goal. The proposed planning scheme provide not a single solution, but also a candidate solution set, therefore, optimization of the parking path can be easily carried out with respect to performance criteria such as safety, maneuvering, and so on. Presented simulation results clearly show that the proposed scheme provides various practical solutions.