• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1688-1692
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• 2003

The automatic Landing system is used for the automatic functions of automatic transfer crane in the automated container terminal. It confirms and adjusts the alignment and pose between spreader and container and accomplishes the automatic loading/unloading job of containers in yard. Specially, it is required in the automated container terminal and is well adapted under the coarse external environments. This system used the laser sensors to recognize the alignment between spreader and container. In this paper the algorithm of recognition of the alignment and pose is presented and the result of its simulation is shown.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제10권11호
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• pp.1112-1118
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• 2004

Automated container terminals have been developed over the world years and many countries are interested in them because the amount of containers exported or imported is rapidly increasing. The conventional container terminals were not designed to handle this kind of heavily many containers. They would face many structural problems soon or later, although they have been managed to do well so far. One of the most important things in automated container terminal is the handing equipments able to transfer many containers efficiently. Those are maybe automated transfer cranes, automatic guided vehicles and automated quay-side cranes. The word 'automated' means the equipment is operated without drivers and those equipments are able to work without any interruption in working schedule. Through the researches on the conventional transfer cranes, we decided that the structure of conventional transfer cranes is not proper in automated container terminal and it is not possible to handle so many container in limited time. Therefore we have been studying on the proper structure of the automated container for past several years and a new type of transfer cranes has been developed. Design concept and control method of the new crane are introduced and experimental results are presented in this paper.his paper.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2010

본 논문은 컨테이너터미널의 야드에서 무인으로 하역작업을 수행하는 자동화 크레인(ATC; Automatic Transfer Crane) 에서 신속하고 효율적으로 작업 대상인 컨테이너화물의 컬러 영상 이미지내의 컨테이너번호를 인식하는 방법에 대한 연구이다. 부산의 신선대부두 게이트에는 정부의 연구개발사업인 "지능형 항만물류시스템 기술 개발"에 의해 컨테이너번호 인식시스템이 설치되어 있다. 수출컨테이너화물을 자동으로 인식하기 위해 게이트에 터널식 구조물 내 카메라를 설치하여 컨테이너번호를 인식하는 방식이다. 그러나 컨테이너터미널에 자동화장비가 도입되고 작업의 무인화가 점진적으로 이루어짐에 따라 야드의 자동화크레인에서 작업 대상의 확인을 위한 컨테이너번호 인식시스템을 필요로 한다. 따라서 게이트와는 달리 햇빛, 비, 눈, 그림자 등 영상을 통한 문자인식의 방해요소가 많은 야드의 자동화크레인에서는 그에 맞는 컨테이너번호 인식시스템이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 카메라, 조명, 센서 등 하드웨어 요소들의 변경과 주변 환경의 밝기차 등을 조절하여 번호를 인식하는 알고리즘 등 소프트웨어 요소들의 변화를 통해 태양광이나 하역장비 아래에 짙게 드리워지는 그림자 문제 등을 해결하고 인식시간의 단축과 인식률을 높이는 결과를 도출하였다.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.61-82
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• 2006

In order to cope with improvement of labor cost and cargo volume, Korean ports, especially Busan port, are in need of many new facilities. Of course, current facilities should be fully used, and at the same time it needs to make every effort to maximize its productivity as well as cost saving. To this end, this study has decided to focus on automatic yard operation suitable to the domestic container terminal environments, making a survey of many advanced container terminals, trying to find out their common factors, and finally suggesting several alternatives based on the combination of these factors. Also, this study has suggested the present value of initial investment and operating cost by alternative, and at the same time presented the relationship between cargo handling volume and cost/revenue of the optimal alternative, so that it may be of help in decision making.

• 산업공학
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.69-77
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• 1997

Material handling equipment such as container cranes and transtainer cranes have made larger and faster to improve the efficiency of container handling. As conditions of use in container terminal have become severe, and also the automation level required has become higher. For the high level automation for transtainer crane, the following characteristics have to be developed 1) Container Terminal Operation & Planning System with high efficiency. 2)Autosteering System of transtainer crane with precise position sensing system using image processing and feedback control system. 3)Automatic Position Identification System with transponder. We have developed an AGSS(Automatic Gantry Steering System) of transtainer crane with image processing technology preferentially. In this paper, the system will be introduced.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2009년도 공동학술대회
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• pp.149-150
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• 2009

The problem of vehicle routing problem(VRP) with pair operations of pick up and delivery are well-known in real applications in logistics networks, as in planning the routes for automatic guided vehicles(AGVs) in an automatic container terminal(ACT), warehouses or in some just-in-time services. This paper will present a formulation to modeling the problem mathematically which can be used to generate optimal routes of carried vehicles in the field to reduce the incurred cost of moving goods. This selected model could be used in (semi-)automatic short-term planning systems for vehicle fleet working in ACT, or in modern warehouses which the long list of requests is parted and sorted in preprocessing orders systems.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.567-572
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• 2005

세계무역기구(WTO : World Trade Organization)를 설립된 이후 무역은 세계화가 되고, WTO에서 무역 장벽을 낮춰 국가 간의 경제 교류가 점점 증가하면서 국제적인 물류 시스템이 필요하게 되었다. 원가를 절감하기 위해 대랑 수송 수판으로 컨테이너선을 이용하면서 대형 컨테이너 선사들은 국제적인 물류 시스템의 대안으로 기업에게 화물추적 정보시스템의 제공이나 장비, 기기 관리를 위한 정보시스템 네트워크를 구축하여 자동화 시스템을 도입했다. 컨테이너 터미널 자동화를 위해 본 논문에서는 수시로 변경되는 정보를 인식하여 에이전트간의 정보교환을 위해 유동적으로 대처할 수 있는 XML(eXtensive Markup Language)과 JMS(Java Message Service)를 이용한 멀티에이전트간의 통신모델을 제안했다. 이 논문은 기존의 자동화한 컨테이너 터미널 시스템 사례와 자동화 시스템을 개발하는데 어려움, 컨테이너 터미널 시스템이 요구하는 통신과 자동화에 대하여 분석하였다.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제31권9호
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• pp.771-778
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• 2007

A container terminal gate is not only an entrance of containers, but also the first input point of containers' information. Therefore, to achieve the accuracy of container information, there are various containers' numbers recognition methods used. Gate productivity can significantly vary depending upon those recognition methods. Recently, RFID which is one of the u-IT businesses run by the Korean government is under consideration for application to the gate as an automatic system. If RFID is used, it is expected to have both the qualitative benefits through avoiding defects of other systems and the quantitative benefits by improving productivity. Hence, this study aims to provide some insight on the benefits of RFID, and to compare productivity of the existing gate system with the RFID gate system based on computer simulation.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 1998년도 추계학술대회논문집:21세기에 대비한 지능형 통합항만관리
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• pp.19-49
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• 1998

I try to introduce three types of designs for automatic container operating system which are designed by Institute of Japan Port Research in 1996. Each types are designedto fit with the situations of Japan Port. 'A'type of these designs adapts Dual Container Crane, AGV, RMG, etc. 'B'type of these designs adapts Dual Container Crane, AGV, OHBC, RTG. And 'C'type of these designs adapts Single Container Crane, AGV, OHBC, etc. Even if three designs are introduced, they have some problems to solve for the future. They are Lashing work, Refeer container problem, check for container and seal in main gate, Establishing EDI NETWORK, etc. I expect that this paper will be a helps to development of our port industry.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.53-64
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• 2000

With the recent outstanding advance in computer software and hardware, a number of researches to enhance the processing speed and the process accuracy has been undertaken in the field of container terminal industry,0 this paper, we propose a simulator for container image processing that can be used mainly for tile development of automatic container recognition system. The purpose of this study is to simulate many different algorithms and factors to extract information accurately on the captured container image.