• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제32권9호
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• pp.737-742
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• 2008

In this paper, we deal with an allocation model of vertical type container yard for minimizing the total ATC (Automated Transfer Crane) working time and the equivalence of ATC working load in each block on automated container terminal. Firstly, a layout of automated container terminal yard is shown The characteristic of equipment which work in the terminal and its basic assumption are given Next, an allocation model which concerns with minimizing the total working time and the equivalence of working load is proposed for effectiveness of ATC working in automated container terminal. Also, a weight values on critical function are suggested to adjust the critical values by evaluating the obtained allocation plan. For ATC allocation algorithm, we suggest a simple repeat algorithm for on-line terminal operation.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제31권7호
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• pp.605-611
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• 2007

In order to become a mega hub port, major ports all over the world are making every effort to enhance their productivity through efficiency of internal operation. Accordingly, in order to enhance the competitiveness of a container terminal, an automated container terminal is considered as the best alternative. An automated container terminal is using such automated handling equipment as AGV(Automated Guided Vehicles) and ATC(Automated Transfer Crane). The efficient equipment operation plays a critical role in enhancing the productivity of an automated container terminal. In an automated container terminal, the most important equipments are AGV and ATC. Each block of containers with a vertical layout is generally operating two ATCs. The two ATCs can be crossed or not at each block. In the case of operating crossover ATC, it has an advantage of high flexibility that ATC work is possible at both TP(Transfer Point) of each block. But it has also a disadvantage that the yard has to be operated at a low storage level of containers in the terminal yard. Recently, for automated container terminals, which are being prepared for opening in Korea, they plan to use uncrossed twin ATC in order to make the storage level of their yards high at a low cost. Therefore, studies have to be made in order to increase the efficiency of twin ATC system based on the flexibility that the crossover ATC system has. This research aims to suggest an operation strategy to improve efficiency of twin ATC at each storage block in a yard.

• 산업공학
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.233-241
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• 2004

The main subject to become a hub port is automation. The automated container terminal has already operated in advanced ports and it has been planned for the basic planning and operation design in domestic case. The key of automated container terminal is effective operation of both ATC(automated transfer crane) and AGV(automated guided vehicle) which is automated handling equipments. This is essential to productivity of automated container terminal. This study suggests the most optimal method of equipment operation in order to minimize loading time using each three types of effective ATC operation methods and AGV dispatching rules in automated container terminals. As the automated equipment operation causes unexpected deadlocks or interferences, it should be proceeded on event-based real time. Therefore we propose the most effective ATC operation methods and AGV dispatching rules in this paper. The various states occurred in real automated container terminals are simulated to evaluate these methods. This experiment will show the most robust automated equipment operation method on various parameters(the degree of yard re-marshaling, the number of containers and AGV)

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제10권11호
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• pp.1112-1118
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• 2004

Automated container terminals have been developed over the world years and many countries are interested in them because the amount of containers exported or imported is rapidly increasing. The conventional container terminals were not designed to handle this kind of heavily many containers. They would face many structural problems soon or later, although they have been managed to do well so far. One of the most important things in automated container terminal is the handing equipments able to transfer many containers efficiently. Those are maybe automated transfer cranes, automatic guided vehicles and automated quay-side cranes. The word 'automated' means the equipment is operated without drivers and those equipments are able to work without any interruption in working schedule. Through the researches on the conventional transfer cranes, we decided that the structure of conventional transfer cranes is not proper in automated container terminal and it is not possible to handle so many container in limited time. Therefore we have been studying on the proper structure of the automated container for past several years and a new type of transfer cranes has been developed. Design concept and control method of the new crane are introduced and experimental results are presented in this paper.his paper.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2001년도 ICCAS
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• pp.74.1-74
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• 2001

In this paper, we deal with an allocation model of vertical type container yard for minimizing the total ATC work time and the equivalence of ATC work´s load in each block on automated container terminal. Firstly, a layout of automated container terminal yard is shown. The characteristic of equipment which is operated in the terminal and basic assumption are given. Next, an allocation model which concerns with minimizing the total work time and the equivalence of work´s load is proposed for the effectiveness of ATC work in automated container terminal. Also, a weight values on critical function are suggested to adjust the critical values by evaluating the obtained allocation plan. To find the solution of allocation model in given terminal yard situation, a GA is applied, where the real information of container is used ...

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.479-485
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• 2004

세계적으로 컨테이너 물동량의 증가, 선박의 대형화 및 고속화, 터미널 운영비의 증가 및 기술환경의 변화로 인해 자동화 컨테이너터미널(Aotomated Container Terminal： ACT)에 대한 관심이 고조되고 있고, 기존의 외국 ACT는 자동화 영역을 확장해 가고 있으며 세부 기술연구에 박차를 가하고 있는 실정이다. 국내에서도 세계적 추세를 인지하고, ACT의 필요성을 절감하여 1998년 10월 해양수산부에서 "ACT 개발 추진계획"을 수립하면서 ACT 개발에 관한 연구에 지원하고, ACT 건설을 추진하기로 하였다. 이후 1999년 12월에 해양수산부와 과학기술부는 "첨단항만 핵심기술 개발사업"을 "국가중점연구개발사업"으로 선정하였고, 현재 정부 지원아래 추진 및 연구 중에 있다. 이러한 자동화 컨테이너터미널 계획 및 개발에 관한 프로젝트가 추진되면서 터미널 운영, 자동화 장비, 정보시스템 구축에 관한 기술발전이 이루어지고 있다. 컨테이너터미널의 자동화는 장비뿐만 아니라 정보시스템과의 원활한 연계를 통해 이루어질 수 있다. 그래서 자동화의 수준은 운영시스템의 개발시기, 신뢰성, 투자비용, 취급물동량, 기술수준 등 제반요소에 따라 달라진다. 본 연구는 해외 선지 ACT의 유형 및 유형별 특성을 파악하고, 각 유형별 특성을 분석함으로써 향후 ACT 개발 시 핵심적으로 고려해야 할 사항들을 제시할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2003

The operation rules to remarshaling works in yard is very important in automated container terminal (ACT). However, the decision rules for conventional container terminals have some restrictions to be applied to ACT whose block layout Is vortical for berth. The objective of this study is to propose the efficient operations rules for remarshaling works of automated transfer crane (ATC) in ACTs. Then, the various operation rules are simulated to verify the proposed operation rules. The results of the simulation study on various rules are provided and discussed.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제10권12호
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• pp.1287-1294
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• 2004

Automated container terminals have been being developed over the world for recent years and many countries are interested in it because the amount of containers exported or imported is rapidly increasing. The conventional container terminals were not designed to control this kind of heavily many containers. They would face many structural problems soon or later, although they have managed to do well so far. One of the most important things in developing automated container terminal is to develop the equipment able to handle many containers efficiently. Those are maybe automated transfer cranes, automatic guided vehicles, and automated quay-side cranes. The word 'automated' means the equipment is operated without drivers and those equipments are able to work without any interruption in working schedule. Through the researches on the conventional transfer cranes, we decided that the structure of the conventional transfer cranes is not efficient in automated container terminal and it's not possible to handle so many containers in limited time. Therefore we have been studying on the proper structure of the automated container crane for past several years and a new type of transfer crane has been developed. Design concept and control method of a new type of transfer crane had been presented in the previous paper: Part Ⅰ. Experimental features will be presented with a model transfer crane in this paper: Part Ⅱ.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.746-751
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• 2004

Demands for higher productivity in container terminal environments continues to escalate consideration of equipment upgrades. And then transportation of containers using the automated container crane becomes more and more important for productivity enhancements. Introducing a hybrid control architecture to the container crane, it provides a effective means to the automated operation of the container crane. This paper addresses the methodology for automation of container cranes. In addition, this paper proposes a new control architecture for the automated container crane and explains each component of that architecture. The control architecture is composed of a deliberative control layer, a sequencing layer, and a reactive control layer. The proposed architecture is applied to a dual-hoist double-trolley container crane.

• 한국정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보시스템학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.122-137
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• 2004

Automation of a container terminal is a world-wide tendency nowadays. The interest of ACT (Automated Container Terminal) is increasing more and more because of necessity of container terminal with higher competitive power and ultramodern equipment to down the cost and up the efficiency. ECT (Europe Combined Terminals) and CTA (Container Terminal Altenwerder) have studied a detailed technique for the operation of ACT. In Korea, many projects related to the development of ACT are working at present. However, indiscreet introduction of ACT may cause tremendous loss. Thus it is much important thing that we search relevant automation level or type for an environment In this study, we propose the necessary strategy in developing ACT through analyzing the present condition, automated equipments and property of operation at advanced An. If the strategy is applied in development of domestic ACT, we'll be able to build ACT with higher competitive power.