• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.12-18
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences of middle school students' recognition of food and nutrition part in Home Economics by gender, school location and school type. The study was carried out through questionnaire about three category: perception (interests, practical usefulness, attitude change in food behavior), difficulty (nutrition and health in adolescence, balanced diet, principle of cooking and preparing food), necessity (nutrition and health in adolescence, balanced diet, principle of cooking and preparing food). The subjects were 1014 middle school students of 1st grade in Jeonbuk area; urban 334, suburban 339 and rural 341. The results of this study were as follows. 1) There was difference in ‘interests’ by gender (girls > boys), school location (urban, suburban > rural) and school type (coeducation > boys, girls). There were differences in ‘practical usefulness’ by school location (urban > rural) and in ‘attitude change in food behavior’ by school location (urban > suburban > rural) and school type (boys, girls > coeducation). 2) There was difference in difficulty in section of ‘nutrition and health in adolescence’ by school location (suburban > rural). There were no differences in section of ‘balanced diet’ by gender, school location and school type. But there were differences in section of ‘ principle of cooking and preparing food’ by school location (urban, rural > suburban) and school type (coeducation > boys). 3) There were differences in necessity for ‘balanced diet’ and for ‘ principle of cooking and preparing food’ by school location (urban, suburban > rural) and school type (coeducation > boys, girls). Characteristically, the boys had more necessity for ‘nutrition and health in adolescence’ and for ‘balanced diet’ than girls but girls had more necessity for ‘principle of cooking and preparing food’ than boys. It suggests that gender, school type and school location should be considered for an effective and practical curriculum of food and nutrition part in Home Economics.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.125-132
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to survey several aspects of food-related knowledge, attitude and behavior of college students. Seven hundred male and female students in Seoul and Kyunggi-do area were randomly selected. And self-administered questionnaires were used. It was consisted of weight concern, nutritional knowledge, meal frequency, preference of snacks and psychological aspects of eating behaviors. The results were as followes: 1. The 66.5% of males and 87.9% of females were concerned about weight control. While 42% of male respondents wanted weight gain and 43% weight loss, most of female respondents wanted to lose weight. 2. The score of nutritional knowledge of males was significantly lower than the score of females (p<0.01). 3. The meal frequency was 3.4 times a day for male students and 3.6 for female students. But males showed higher frequency rates in three regular meals and females showed higher rates in snacking. Both male and female students considered that supper was the most important meal of the day and skipped breakfast frequently. 4. Fruits, beverage and milk were favorite snacking items for college students. But there were some differences in selection of food items by snacking time. Carbonated drinks and coffee were frequently selected by morning male and female snackers. Noodles and cookies were preferred by males and cookies were preferred by females as afternoon snack. Fruits were most often preferred by both males and females in the evening. 5. Physical tiredness and/or psychological factors were observed to influence the amount of food intake. After increase of food intake, male students felt more comfortable than female students who were afraid of their weight gain.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.51-62
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• 2011

Financial consumers can invest their financial assets directly or indirectly. This investment type have effect on their financial well-being and may be influenced by their financial characteristics and investment attitude. The purposes of the study were to classify the consumers by direct and indirect investment behavior of their financial assets and to investigate their socio-economic characteristics and investment attitudes to give implications for financial counseling and education. The data came from the 2009 Fund Investors Survey which was conducted by Korea Investors Protection Foundation. Total 2,530 consumers were analyzed using frequency, CROSSTAB, ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test. In general, consumer tended to be rational in choosing the investment type. Noninvestors consisted of 38.5% of the sample. The economic level was the lowest for the noninvestors. The consumers who invest both indirectly and directly consisted of 21.0% and their economic level was the highest. Their investment tendency was between direct and indirect investors'. The proportion of direct investors ws 12.1% and that of indirect investors was 28.4%. Although the economic levels of indirect investors and direct investors were not statistically different, there were differences in their demographics and investment attitudes. The proportions of those aged 30-39, female and nonmarried were greater for indirect investors. They had the tendency to invest safely and diversely for a long term with reserve money. On the other hand, direct investors tended to be male, married and aged 40-49. They tended to invest intensively for a shorter term and seek returns even with borrowing money.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.48
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• pp.183-196
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• 1999

The purpose of the Present research is to investigate the effect of fashion lifestyle on babies' clothing shopping attitude of housewives. In this study shopping attitude includes criteria for shop selection prefered types of shop and prefered shop atmosphere. Subjects are 447 housewives residing in Seoul Bundang Illsan and Pungchon and having child under 4 years old Data was analyzed by factor analysis cluster analysis analysis of variance and chi-square. The results of the study are as follows: 1. Housewives can be classified into four groups according to their fashion lifestyle the group of planned buying conservative/practical group the group of self-actualization/individuality and the high involved and care for shopping group. 2. Fashion lifestyle is different according to their age. The high involved and care for shopping group have the lager proportion in twenties than thirties. The conservative/practical group have a larger proportion in thirties. 3. The factors of shop selection which serve as criteria for shop the quality of service encironment anround shop quality of goods convenience to care about babies fashionable goods location of the shop and price of goods. The group of self actualization/personality prefers shops carrying fashionable and unique style of babies clothing and showing prestige. The conservative/practical group prefers shops carrying good quality clothing and having variety in size and design. The high involved and careful shopping group prefers shops having wide space as well as carrying fashionable goods. 4. Among the types of babies clothing shops. department stroe is the most preferred Low-price brand shop is followed by traditional open market. The conservative/practical group and the group of planned shopping use department strores national bran shops street shops and import shops more often than other groups. 5. The result of the study indicates there are considerable differences in housewives attitudes of babies clothing shopping acording to their own fashion lifestyle. Therefore the retailer of babies clothing should decide their marketing policy on the basis of the understanding and analysis of costomer's fashion lifestyle. And they have to reflect their costomer's shopping attitudes on their marketing policy to improve the satisfaction of both consumer and retailer as well.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.887-894
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the oral health education and oral health care in the implant wearers. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was conducted by 253 patients in 14 different dental hospitals and clinics in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do from July 1 to September 30, 2012. The instrument was adapted from Kang and Lee, Yu and Shim, and Ko and Jang on the basis of the previous study. The questionnaire consisted of 12 questions including general characteristics of the subjects(4 questions), oral health education(3 questions), behavior and attitude of tooth brushing(3 questions), and use of auxiliary supplies(2 questions). Results: 1. 38.3% of the patients received the dental care education for the first time. The most common education method was demonstration by dental hygienists(28.9%). 26.2% of the patients wanted to know the right toothbrushing method. 2. The best toothbrushing methods were rolling method(28.9%) and Leonard's method(28.9%). 19.4% of the patients changed the toothbrushing method after education. 22.5 percent brushed their natural teeth and implant teeth by a different maneuver. 3. The interdental brush was the most commonly used product(35.8%) and most of the patients the interdental brush once a day(36.6%). 4. There was a significant difference between the frequency of toothbrushing and method(p<0.05). 5. There was a significant difference between the separate brushing of implant and natural teeth by the frequency of toothbrushing and method of education(p<0.05). 6. Use of interdental brush had an influenced on education method(p<0.05). Conclusions: Regular dental checkup and use of interdental brush can improve the oral care for the implant wearers. Regular use of interdental brush can prolong the life span of implant tooth and keep the patients' teeth in good condition.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.644-654
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the related factors to nutritional supplements intake of elementary school student aged 7 to 12 years in Incheon area. The subjects were 631 mothers of elementary school students and cross-sectional study was conducted by a self-administered questionnaire. In view of the relation with general circumstances, taking nutritional supplements was shown to be significantly associated with general and socio-demographic factors such as father's job, mothers concern about children's academic record, family's monthly income and food cost, and the experience of other family members' taking nutritional supplement. In view of the relation with anthropometric and health-related factors, taking nutritional supplement was associated with elementary school student' weight obesity index, mothers evaluation of children's height and weight mother's concern about health and growth of children, and ,disease of children. In view of the dietary behavior-related factors, taking nutritional supplements was associated with skipping breakfast, food habits, and mothers beliefs and attitude about nutrition and nutritional supplements. However, it was shown that mothers nutritional knowledge did not affect taking nutritional supplements. Therefore, it may be suggested that general and socio-demographic factors, anthropometric and health-related factors, dietary behavior-related factors, and mother's nutritional beliefs and attitude are important determinants in children's taking nutritional supplements.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.17-28
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• 2011

Backgroud & Objectives: The purpose of the study was to develop an innovative blended learning method on life style and health promotion and evaluate the educational effects for university students. Methods: The blended learning was developed to combine face-to-face lecture(off-line lecture) and on-line lecture that applied the subject of life style and health promotion. This course is a coordinated effort towards providing 5 topics of lifestyle such as smoking, alcohol, exercise, diet, and stress management. This has been verified by an expert in the field of nursing, education, e-learning technician and students. Participants were different part of university students (n=28) with major enrolled in a general culture course for 2 credits which composed of 8 sessions of each 2-hour in the first semester of 2010. The study was a one group posttest design. A self-report about health knowledge, attitude, and health behavior was organized by content analysis after the sessions. Results: Positive feedbacks from students were reflected in the outcome. Student regarded good lifestyle as being the most important. Student concerned those on-line lectures are not only available at most time and site, but also good for individualization, visual understanding and interest. Face-to-face lecture provided student a chance to integrate with knowledge and experience and had desire to improve good lifestyle and health promotion. Conclusions: The blended learning method on good lifestyle and health could make a best use of improvement for knowledge, attitude and behavior concerning. It is needed to identify the long term effects of a blended learning for further study.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.73-86
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• 2007

Objective: The purposes of this study are to understand the characteristics of the participants in a community walking campaign and to analyze the factors related to their participation based on the Transtheoretical Model (TTM). Methods: The study composed of the description of participant characteristics and comparison of them with non-participant characteristics in a walking campaign in K province. The data were collected through a survey of 2,590 participants and 258 non-participants from the same community. The survey instrument included questions about stages of walking and exercise, knowledge and attitude toward walking, and environmental condition for walking. Results: A majority of the walking campaign participants were in the action(24.8%) and maintenance(43.6%) stages of walking and exercise behavior. The non-participant group was split between maintenance(51.6%) and precontemplation (30.6%) stages. Among the participants, effective campaign promotion channels differed by age group while motivation for participation and participation patterns were associated with both age and gender. Favorable physical environment was a significant factor of participating in walking campaign(OR=1.396, CI=1.149-1.696). Although the campaign participants scored higher than the non-participants in most attitude toward walking questions, differences in knowledge scores between two groups were less significant. Conclusion: In conclusion, further social marketing to increase the awareness and to increase the concern of population in the community is needed based on the survey result. Transtheoretical model seems appropriate to apply to the evaluation and the planning the program of the behavior change in the community. Also, more organized and sustainable support in need to maintain the good habit of walking for the participants in walking campaign.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.215-227
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• 1999

Objectives: To investigate compliance of hypertension patients using modified Theory of Reasoned Action(TRA). Methods: The data were collected for 7-12 April 1997, by interviewing 190 Hypertension patients in Hwachon, Kangwon-do. The analytical techniques employed include contingency table analysis and logit analysis. Results: 15.1% of patients were unaware of the fact that he/she has hypertension and 11.2% did not know that he/she should take drug. 20.8% of patients took drug continuously, 20.1% had drug intermittently, and 53.1% had never have treatment. In the contingency table analysis, several variables were found to be significantly related to patient compliance. They included variables for attitude towards the consequences of taking drugs, normative beliefs, systolic BP at the enrollment, knowledge of how to take hypertensive drugs, variables for general health behavior and experience with having health worker's home visit. The logit analysis was performed by two steps. first step uses experience with drug treatment of hypertension as the dependent variable, and second step uses continuity of treatment. Included in the predictors that are significantly related to the former analysis are subjected norms produced by combining normative beliefs and motivation to comply, knowledge of how to take hypertensive drugs, and opinion about natural recovery of diseases. The only significant determinant of continuous treatment was knowledge of how to take hypertensive drugs. Conclusions: The results of analysis suggest the usefulness of TRA as a framework for the study of compliance of hypertensive patients. The findings have some practical implication as well. One is that efforts for enhancing compliance should be directed not only patients but also to other persons influencing patient's attitude and behavior. It also suggest that correct understanding of hypertension treatment is essential to perform the appropriate patient role.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.211-222
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• 2002

The study was performed to investigate the dietary behaviors and attitudes toward the lesson of Food and Nutrition in Home Economics course among middle school students in rural area. The participants of the study were 647 second-grade students in a middle school in Geumsan-gun, Chungcheongnam-do. The main nutrition problems of the students were found to be deviated food-intake habits and irregular meal time. Twenty six percent of female students and 14.8% of male students skipped breakfast. Seventy three percent of the total students have a tendency of food aversions. The food groups they dislike most were vegetables and pulses. They answered they got nutrition information mostly from the class at school. Their favorite topic in the lesson of Food and Nutrition was cooking. Some students did not like Food and Nutrition because it requires too much memorization. Teaching methods they liked were lecture, discussion, and audio-visual presentation. Although 81.7% of the students thought that the lesson of Food and Nutrition was useful, only 17.1% of the students practiced what they learned from the lesson. These results confirm that nutrition education in middle school is essential to the students in rural area and that it is needed to find an effective teaching method and materials for them to change positively their food behaviors at daily life.