• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2016년도 제50회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.217-217
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• 2016

The amorphous InGaZnO (a-IGZO) is widely accepted as a promising channel material for thin-film transistor (TFT) applications owing to their outstanding electrical properties [1, 2]. However, a-IGZO TFTs have still suffered from their bias instability with illumination [1-4]. Up to now, many researchers have studied the sub-gap density of states (DOS) as the root cause of instability. It is well known that defect states can influence on the performances and stabilities of a-IGZO TFTs. The defects states should be closely related with the deposition condition, including sputtering power, and pressure. Nevertheless, it has not been reported how these defects are created during conventional RF magnetron sputtering. In general, during conventional RF magnetron sputtering process, negative oxygen ions (NOIs) can be generated by electron attachment in oxygen atom near target surface and then accelerated up to few hundreds eV by a self-bias; at this time, the high energy bombardment of NOIs induce defects in oxide thin films. Recently, we have reported that the properties of IGZO thin films are strongly related with effects of NOIs which are generated during the sputtering process [5]. From our previous results, the electrical characteristics and the chemical bonding states of a-IGZO thin films were depended with the bombardment energy of NOIs. And also, we suggest that the deep sub-gap states in a-IGZO as well as thin film properties would be influenced by the bombardment of high energetic NOIs during the sputtering process.In this study, we will introduce our novel technology named as Magnetic Field Shielded Sputtering (MFSS) process to prevent the NOIs bombardment effects and present how much to be improved the properties of a-IGZO thin film by this new deposition method. We deposited a-IGZO thin films by MFSS on SiO2/p-Si and glass substrate at various process conditions, after which we investigated the morphology, optical and electrical properties of the a-IGZO thin films.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.553-560
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• 1999

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) membrane exposure on the initial healing of the periodontal tissue in guided tissue regeneration (GTR) procedure. 90 sites selected from 90 patients were treated with gingival flap surgery supported by an e-PTFE membrane. The material included angular bony defects with probing attachment loss of > 5mm or degree II furcation involvement. Treated sites were classified with membrane exposure group and non-exposure group at membrane removal and evaluated healing type. The results were obtained as follows. 1. e-PTFE membrane was exposed at 61 sites (67.8%) among 90 sites. 2. Thirteen sites (14.4%) depicted rapid healing type, 65 sites (72.2%) depicted typical healing type, 9 sites (10%) showed delayed healing type and 3 sites (3.3%) were categorized as adversed healing type. 3. In e-PTFE membrane exposure group, 1 site (1.6%), 51 sites (83.6%), 6 sites (9.8%) and 3 sites (4.9%) showed rapid healing type, typical healing type, delayed healing type and adverse healing type respectively. 4. In e-PTFE membrane non-exposure group, 12 sites (41.3%), 14 sites (48.3%) and 3 sites (10.3%) showed rapid healing type, typical healing type and delayed healing type respectively. Adverse healing type was not observed. 5. The rate of favourable healing between e-PTFE membrane exposure group and non-exposure group was not statistically significant(p=0.56). These results suggest that the prevention of membrane exposure may be important to obtain rapid healing type. However favourable healing could be obtained with stringent infection control program even if membrane was exposed.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.312-318
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• 2010

Multilayer Poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA)/ Poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) bone plates were fabricated using electrospinning and in vitro investigations were carried out for pre-clinical biocompatibility studies. The initial cellular cytotoxicity of the methacrylate (PMMA)/ Poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) bone plates was measured by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay using fibroblast-like L-929 cells. Cellular adhesion and differentiation studies were carried out using osteoblast-like MG-63 cells. As simulated body fluid (SBF) contains the same ionic concentration of body fluid and any bioactive material tends to deposit bone-like apatite on the samples surfaces into the SBF, in vitro bioactivity of the multilayer bone plates were investigated using SBF. We also studied the internal organization and tensile strength of the multilayer PMMA/PVA bone plates using micro-computed topography (${\mu}$-CT) and universal testing instrument (UTI, Korea) respectively. The cellular cytotoxicity study with MTT confirmed that the cellular viability was 78 to 90% which indicates good cyto-compatibility. Scanning electron microscopic findings revealed a good attachment and adhesion phenomenon of MG-63 cells onto the surfaces of the samples. Cellular differentiation studies also showed that osteogenic differentiation was switched on in a timely manner and affirmed along with that of the control group. Bone-like apatite formation on the surfaces was confirmed within 14 days of SBF incubation. Initial organizations of the multilayer PMMA/PVA bone plates were characterized as dense and uniform. The tensile strength of the post-pressing electronspun mat was higher than that of the pre-electronspun mat. These results suggest that a multilayer PMMA/PVA bone plate system is biocompatible, bioactive and a very good alternative bone plate system.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.679-690
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• 2008

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of EMD on demineralized root surface using human periodontal ligament cells and compare the effects of root conditioning materials(tetracycline(TCN), EDTA). Material and Methods: Dentin slices were prepared from the extracted teeth and demineralized with TCN and EDTA. Demineralized dentin slices were incubated at culture plate with 25, 50 and $100{\mu}g/ml$ concentration of EMD. Cell attachment, alkaline phosphatase activity test, protein synthesis assay and scanning electronic microscopic examination were done. Results: Cells were attached significantly higher in EMD treated group at 7 and 14 days. Cell numbers were significantly higher in EMD treated group. Alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly higher in EMD treated group at 7 and 14 days. Protein synthesis was significantly higher in EMD treated group at 7 and 14 days. Conclusion: Enamel matrix derivatives enhance the biologic activities of human periodontal ligament cells on demineralized root surface and its effects are dependent on the concentration of EMD.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.595-602
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• 2008

Purpose: Ti-6Al-4V alloy is widely used as an implant material because of its good biocompatibility and good mechanical property compared with commercial pure titanium. Otherwise, toxicity of aluminum and vanadium in vivo has been reported. Ti-8Ta-3Nb alloy is recently developed in the R&D Center for Ti and Special Alloys and it was reported that this alloy has high mechanical strength, no cytotoxicity and similar biocompatibility to commercial pure titanium, but many studies are needed for its clinical use. In these experiment, we carried out different surface treatment on each Ti-8Ta-3Nb alloy disks, then cultured cell on it and assessed biological response. Materials and Methods: cpTi, Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-8Ta-3Nb alloy disks were prepared and carried out sandblasting and acid etching (SLA) or alkali-heat treatment (AH) on the Ti-8Ta-3Nb alloy disks. We cultured primary rat calvarial cells on each surface and assessed early cell attachment and proliferation by scanning electron microscopy, cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity. Result: The rates of cell proliferation on the cpTi, Ti-8Ta-3Nb AH disks were higher than others (p<0.05) and alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly enhanced on the Ti-STa-8Nb AH disks(p<0.05). Conclusion: Most favorable cell response was shown on the Ti-8Ta-3Nb AH surfaces. It is supposed that alkali-heat treatment of the Ti-8Ta-3Nb alloy could be induced earlier bone healing and osseointegration than smooth surface.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.219-225
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• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 CR과 DR에서 가열장치를 구비한 부착형 탄소발열체 X선 촬영대의 사용에 따른 SNR과 CNR을 측정하여 부착 전과 부착 후의 화질을 평가하고자 한다. 알루미늄 계단 실험에서 CR은 부착 후에 SNR과 CNR이 증가하였지만 DR에서는 SNR과 CNR이 감소하였다. 인체모형팬텀 실험에서는 CR의 경우에 저에너지 저선량과 고에너지 고선량에서만 SNR과 CNR이 증가하였지만 다른 모든 조건에서는 SNR과 CNR이 감소하였다. 결론적으로 환자에게 온화한 느낌과 안전감을 제공하고 심적인 불안감을 해소하여 검사에 도움을 줄 수 있지만 임상적용에 있어서는 탄소발열체를 포함한 바닥필름과 보호필름의 두께와 재질을 고려하지 않으면 화질에 영향이 주기 때문에 향후 지속적인 연구가 필요하다고 사료된다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제17권6호통권79호
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• pp.689-697
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• 2005

보 플랜지 절취형 (Reduced Beam Section, RBS) 내진 철골모멘트접합부의 최근 실험결과를 살펴보면, 보 웨브를 볼트 접합한 시험체는 보 웨브를 용접한 시험체에 비해 조기에 스캘럽에서 취성파단이 발생하는 열등한 내진성능을 나타냈다. 과거 여러 연구자들이 수행한 실험 결과 및 본 연구의 수치해석 결과를 종합해 볼 때, 이러한 접합부의 조기 취성파괴는 고전 휨이론과 매우 다른 응력전달 메카니즘에서 기인하는 웨브 볼트의 슬립, 그리고 재료의 인성이 가장 낮은 스캘럽 부근의 응력집중과 밀접한 관련이 있는 것으로 분석된다. 본 연구에서는 실험 및 해석결과를 바탕으로 RBS 접합부의 실제 응력전달경로에 부합되는 새로운 보 웨브 볼트 설계법 및 개선된 상세를 제시하고 실물대 실험을 통하여 방안의 타당성을 입증하였다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제36권9호
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• pp.633-637
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• 2003

일시적인 삼첨판 절개법은 좋은 시야를 제공하고 심실을 열지 않고 심실중격결손의 폐쇄수술을 할 수 있다. 그러나 대부분의 외과의는 삼첨판막의 폐쇄부전의 염려로 주저하게 된다. 특히 최근의 교과서에서는 일시적인 삼첨판 절개법은 장기성적의 발표가 예외적인 방법으로만 기술되어 있고 더 이상의 분석이나 기술이 되어 있지 않다. 대상 및 방법: 1985년부터 1994년까지 수술받은 11명으로부터 술 전의 자료, 술 후 경과, 최근 심초음파와 심전도를 토대로 후향적 연구를 시행하였다. 결과: 심초음파에서 삼첨판폐쇄부전은 없는 경우가 9명, 미세한(trivial) 경우가 2명이었고, 심전도상 의미있는 심전도블록은 없었다. 결론: 삼첨판 절개법은 심실중격결손의 폐쇄수술을 시행하는 데 안전하며 향상된 시야를 제공하는 데 효과적인 방법이며, 삼첨판 이상이나 심전도상에 나쁜 영향을 끼치지 않는다.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.209-214
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• 2012

본 논문은 항만폐기물 수거에 및 관리에 자동인식 시스템인 RFID를 활용하기 위한 선행연구로써, 최근 급속히 늘고 있는 구리와 아연합금의 양식용 철제 가두리에 대하여 RFID를 부착하는 효율적인 방안을 제시하고자 한다. 이는 재활용률 향상과 환경오염 예방을 위하여 꼭 해결이 필요한 과제인데, 철제 가두리는 사용 환경 특성으로 인하여 수분이 함유된 철제 어구(fishing equipment)인 바, 금속 혹은 고무, 유리 등과 같은 물질에 RFID 태그를 부착할 때 발생하는 RFID 인식률과 관련된 중요한 기술적 난제인 RFID에너지의 반사와 흡수 현상을 극복할 수 있는 실용적 방안이 강구되어야 한다. 최근 스티로폼(Styrofoam)이나 합성수지 등을 이용하여 금속에 부착할 수 있는 900MHz 대역의 금속태그가 개발되어 보급되고 있으나, 이 또한 일반 태그에 비하면 가격이 상대적으로 고가인 현실적인 문제점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 전형적 금속형 어구인 철제 가두리를 대상으로 RFID 인식률 향상을 위한 스치로폼 패드(styrofoam pad) 활용 방안을 제시하고, 아울러 안테나 각도 등의 리더기 활용 최적조건 등을 실험을 통하여 살펴본다. 실험계획 및 분석은 다구찌(Taguchi)기법을 적용하였고, Minitab S/W를 활용하였다. 실험결과로써, 스티로폼 패드의 두께는 두꺼울수록 좋으며, 태그의 부착위치는 모서리(edge)부분, 리더기 각도는 $0^{\circ}$(정면)가 인식률이 가장 좋은 것으로 나타났다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.143-153
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• 2006

Temporomandibular joint(TMJ) ankylosis is characterized by the formation of bony or fibrous mass, which replaces the normal articulation. Ankylotic block formation causes reduction of mandibular mobility, particularly hindering mouth opening, due to a mechanical block of the condylar head in its roto-transfatory motion. Surgery in TMJ ankylosis treatment entails complete ankylotic block removal and subsequent arthroplasty, possibly with autologous tissue between articular surfaces or heterologous material to restore the anatomic structure and normal function. Temporalis myofascial flap holds great promise for the reconstruction of various maxillofacial defects. In more recent years, a pedicled temporalis myofascial flap has been advocated in TMJ ankylosis surgery. Advantages of the temporalis myofascial flap in TMJ reconstruction include close proximity to the TMJ, adequate blood supply from the internal maxillary artery, and its attachment to the coronoid process, which provides movement of the flap during function, simulating physiologic action of the disc. This study evaluated 8 patients(11 TMJs) affected by TMJ ankylosis. All patients underwent surgical treatment of the removal of the ankylotic block and subsequent interpositional arthroplasty with temporalis myofascial flap. Bilateral TMJ ankylosis was observed in 3 patients(6 TMJs), right-sides in 3 patients, left-sided in 2 patients. Epipathogenesis was traumatic in 6 patients(8 TMJs), ankylosing spondylitis in 2 patients(3 TMJs). In 3 patients coronoidotomy was underwent. Average follow-up was 16.8 months after surgery, with a range of 7 to 28 months. No patients underwent additional TMJ procedures after the temporalis myofascial flap. All patients showed a distinctive improvement both in articular functionality and symptoms. We found that temporalis myofascial flap is very valuable in reconstruction of TMJ ankylosis.