• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제3권1_2호
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• pp.23-33
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• 1973

The effect of atractylis on the renal function of the dog was investigated in this study. Alcohol extract of atractylis, when given intravenously in dose 15mg/kg, elicited antidiuresis rather than diuresis. Also, free water clearance $(C_{H_2O})$ decreased in proportion. No alterations of the renal clearances of creatinine and PAH were detected in the range of doses which are effective in inhibiting diuresis. The effects were obtained with smaller doses when the atractylis was given through the intracarotid artery route rather than intravenously. When infused directly into a renal artery, atratylis exhibited identical action on both kidneys, indicating that the renotropic action is mediated by some endogenous humoral agents. It is therefore suggested that atractylis is capable of releasing ADH from the neurohypophysis.

• 대한약리학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.33-36
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• 1968

The effect on schedule controlled behavior and toxicity of Atractylis alkaloid was investigated in the pigeons which were trained on a multiple fixed-ratio fixed-interval schedule of food presentation. Atractylis alkaloid decreased the rate of responding during both the fixed-interval and fixed ratio component of the schedule at 10 mg/kg. Further depression occurred at 30 mg/kg. This 'flat dose-response curve for depression of conditioned behavior was typical of tranquilizers. Conclusively it was suspected that Atractylis alkaloid had major tranquilizing activity.

• 약학회지
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• 제2권1_2호
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• pp.8-11
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• 1953

Rhizoma atractylis is the root of Atractylis ovata thumb, Form this root, Dexrose (identified as glucosazone), Iso-Vlaeric acid (identified as P-bromophenacyl ester) and Linolic acid (identified as tetrabromide and sativinic acid) are isolated.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.227-230
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• 2001

Bioassay techniques using young leaves and roots were developed to screen resistance of Atractylis spp. against Phytophthora drechsleri. Among 638 plants collected from various regions of Korea from 1994 to 1996, 67 were pre-screened in fields naturally infested with P. drechsleri, which is the causal pathogen of rhizome rot of Atractylis. Among the pre-screened sources, 18 (ca. 26.8%) were highly resistant to the pathogen in leaf inoculation. In the root inoculation test, abundant sporangia were formed in susceptible plant roots, while only a few or no sporangia were produced on the roots which were found resistant in the leaf inoculation test. Among the selected resistant plants, A. japonica 96066 and 96104 were used to cross with another species, A. macrocephala 96362 that showed high yield with good quality of rhizome but susceptible to the pathogen. The F$_1$hybrids designated as HA03 turned out to be resistant to the pathogen, indicating that resistant gene(s) was inherited. Among intra-species hybrids of A. japonica, HA07 and HA09 were resistant to the pathogen in leaf inoculation and moderate in root inoculation. However, HA08 was susceptible in both inoculation tests. This result suggests that the parent material might be genetically heterogeneous. Further genetic study should be carried out to verify this phenomenon.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.89-98
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 Atractylodes속과 혼용되는 Atractylis속 6분류군의 화분을 광학현미경과 주사전자현미경으로 관찰하였다 본 속의 화분은 단립(monad)으로, 극축의 길이는 46.5-66.7$\mu\textrm{m}$, 적도면의 나비는 43.6-60.47$\mu\textrm{m}$이 었다. 발아구는 3공구형 (tri-colporate)으로서 , 구구(colpus)의 길이는 19.6-29.1 $\mu\textrm{m}$, 나비는 7.3-11.0$\mu\textrm{m}$이 었고, 공구의 직경 은 6.4-10.6$\mu\textrm{m}$ 이었다. 화분벽은 외표벽 (ektexine)은 기저층(foot layer)과 원주층(columellae), 피복층(tectum)으로 구성되고, 두에는 5.2-8.3$\mu\textrm{m}$이었다. 화분의 표면 돌기는 자상(echinate)으로서 길이가 1.4-5.8$\mu\textrm{m}$이었으며, 단위면적당(No./20$\mu\textrm{m}$$^2$) 분포는 6-33개 이었다 본 연구에서 취급된 분류군들의 화분, 특히 Atractylis arabica, A. aristata, A. carduus, A. microcephala의 화분형 태는 Atractylodes속의 화분과 매우 유사하였으며, 따라서 화분에 관련된 형질은 두 속을 구분하는 식별형질로 적용할 수 없었다. 그러나 화분에 관련된 형질이 Atractylodes속에서는 화분의 크기만이 속내 분류군간의 식별형질로서 기여도가 적은 반면, Atractylis속에서는 화분의 크기뿐만 아니라 형태 및 표면무늬와 자상돌기의 크기 등에 있어서 분류군간 의 식별형질로서 적용되어 분류학적 기여도가 다소 큰 것으로 판단된다. 또한 본 연구에서 취급된 분류군 중 A. cancellata와 A. prolifera는 나머지 분류군들과 달리 자상돌기가 작고 적도면상이 긴 특징은 본속의 화분의 진화경 향성을 파악하는데 매우 유용하였다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.89-97
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• 1988

한의원에서 오래 전부터 사용되어 오고 있는 몇 종의 한약재를 구입하여 이들을 chloroform으로 추출하여 추출물을 조제한 다음 공시균(Aspergillus parasiticus R-716)의 생육과 aflatoxin 생성에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 목단 추출물 첨가군에서 가장 현저하게 공시균의 생육이 저해되었고 그 외의 첨가 군에서도 강황, 봉출, 향부자, 백작양, 백출의 순으로 저해되었다. 2. Aflatoxin 생성은 백출과 강황 추출물 첨가군에서만 저해되었고, 나머지 첨가군에서는 오히려 증가되거나 효과가 적었다. 3. 백출 추출물 0.2$m\ell$ 첨가 시 3일째부터 균체 생성을 시작하여 9일째에 0.953/30ml이었고 aflatoxin 함량은 792${\mu}\ell$으로서 대조군에 비해 약 50%가 감소되었다. 균체 g당 aflatoxin 함량은 992${\mu}\ell$으로서 대조군의 1,467${\mu}\ell$에 비해 역시 크게 감소되었으며 NADPH oxidase 활성은 대조군 보다 높아 백출추출물이 공시균의 생성과 aflatoxin 생성에 저해 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.159-166
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• 1974

The Yellow needle crystal was isolated from Atractylis Rhizoma, having mp $124{\sim}126^{\circ}C$(decomp.), the chemical composition $C_{16}H_{21}N_{3}O_{6}$, and its m.w. 251. The pharmacological actions of this alkaloid were studied by various psycopharmacological experiments. 1) In order to see the effect of this Atractylis(=At.) alkaloid on gross general behaviors in mice, a behavioral analysis experiment was adapted. The occurrence number of sleep and lying in At. alkaloidal animals with the doses 10mg/kg or 20mg/kg was increased but the number of jumping, exploration, rearing and defecation was significantly decreased than those of placebo. 2) The effect of the At. alkaloid on unlearned emotional behaviors of mice was studied with an open-field method. The At. alkaloidal groups with the doses 20mg/kg or 30mg/kg showed less often the frequency of locomotion than that of placebo. 3) To know the effect of the At. alkaloid on the learning, a standard water maze experiment and conditioned avoidance response were conducted. As compared to placebo control, the aquisition rate of the maze learning in the alkaloidal mice with the dose of 10mg/kg or 20mg/kg was significantly impaired and the speed of swimming was also signficantly delayed. In the conditioned avoidance response, the extinction performances of the alkaloidal rats with doses of 20mg/kg or 30mg/kg did not differ significantly than that of placebo.

• 약학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.65-78
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• 1975

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.288-292
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• 2002

Crude extract of Xanthium strumarium inhibited mycelial growth and zoospore germination of Phytophthora drechsleri, the causal agent of Atractylis rot, in vitro. Fresh sap from X. strumarium at 50-fold dilution was highly effective in controlling the disease Incidence in pot and field trials. Purified extracts from cocklebur Inhibited mycelial growth and zoospore germination in vitro at a concentration of 12.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml and 15.6 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml, respectively. Hyphal tips affected by the compound showed malformation. The antifungal compound puri- fied fromX. strumarium was identified as 4-oxo-1 (5), 2,11, (13)-xanthatriene-12,8-olide, known as "deacetyl xanthumin".min".uot;.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.6363-6367
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• 2013

Atractylis lancea (Thunb.) DC. (AL), an important medicinal herb in Asia, has been shown to have anti-tumor effects on cancer cells, but the involved mechanisms are poorly understood. This study focused on potential effects and molecular mechanisms of AL on the proliferation of the Hep-G2 liver cancer cell line in vitro. Cell viability was assessed by MTT test in Hep-G2 cells incubated with an ethanol extract of AL. Then, the effects of AL on apoptosis and cell cycle progression were determined by flow cytometry. Telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) assays was performed to investigate telomerase activity. The mRNA and protein expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and c-myc were determined by real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting. Our results show that AL effectively inhibits proliferation in Hep-G2 cells in a concentrationand time-dependent manner. When Hep-G2 cells were treated with AL after 48h,the $IC_{50}$ was about 72.1 ${\mu}g/mL$. Apoptosis was induced by AL via arresting the cells in the G1 phase. Furthermore, AL effectively reduced telomerase activity through inhibition of mRNA and protein expression of hTERT and c-myc. Hence, these data demonstrate that AL exerts anti-proliferative effects in Hep-G2 cells via down-regulation of the c-myc/hTERT/telomerase pathway.