• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• 제48권1호
• /
• pp.27-32
• /
• 2010

후코이단을 보습제 및 기능성화장품 소재로 사용하기 위한 후코이단 특성 및 그 효과에 대해 연구하였다. 후코이단은 미역 포자엽에서 추출하였다. 화장품 소재 시험으로는 보습력 측정, 항산화(DPPH assay, radical scavenging), 안전성(MTT assay)을 실시하였다. 후코이단의 보습력은 최고의 보습제 중의 하나인 히아루론산의 보습력보다 높았고, 분자량이 감소함에 따라 보습력이 약간 증가하였다. 후코이단은 높은 안전성과 항산화력을 보였다. 후코이단의 보습력 및 항알레르기 효과를 평가하기 위해 아토피 환자 46명에게 후코이단 크림을 6주간 적용하였다. 증상 정도를 나타내는 IGA 값이 3.04에서 2.15로 감소해 39.8%의 증상개선 효과가 있었다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제52권7호
• /
• pp.818-823
• /
• 2009

목 적 : 국내 소아 아토피피부염 환자의 부증상의 빈도 및 연령과 중등도에 따른 차이를 분석하여 아토피 피부염의 진단 및 치료에 도움이 되고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 2007년 4월부터 12월까지 순천향대학교 병원 소아알레르기 호흡기센터에 내원하여 아토피피부염으로 진단 받은 106명 환아를 대상으로 하였다. 대상 환자들은 첫 내원시 3명의 소아과 전문의에 의해 아토피피부염 부증상이 평가 되었으며 Hanifin과 Rajka의 부증상 항목과 2001년 아토피피부염 국제진단기준을 바탕으로 한 20가지 항목을 작성하였다. 대상 환자들은 2세 미만과 2세 이상으로 연령군을 분류하고 SCORAD 점수를 이용하여 중증도를 분류하였으며 원인 항원 특이 IgE 항체를 측정하여 아토피군과 비아토피군으로 분류하였다. 결 과 : 아토피피부염 환자에서 부증상으로 피부건조증(78.3%), 환경이나 감정요인에 의한 악화(43.4%), 태선화(35.8%), 눈 주위 색소 침착(34.0%), 이개 균열(33.0%), 피부 감염(31.1%)이 높은 빈도를 보였다. 2세 이상인 군에서 눈주위 색소 침착(P=0.01), 목주름(P=0.01), 태선화(P=0.001) 항목에서 통계학적으로 유의하게 높은 빈도를 보였고중증 아토피피부염에서 피부 건조증(P=0.04), 피부 감염(P=0.03), 모공 각화증(P=0.02), 반복적인 결막염(P=0.02), 눈 주위 색소침착(P=0.001), 안면 피부염(P=0.001), 태선화(P=0.001), 손/발 습진(P=0.04) 항목이 높은 빈도를 보였다. 아토피군에서 안면 피부염(P=0.01)과 태선화(P=0.04) 항목이 유의하게 높은 빈도를 보였다. 결 론 : 국내 소아 아토피피부염 환아에서 흔히 관찰되는 부증상의 빈도 및 나이, 중증도에 따른 차이를 확인하였고 국내 소아 아토피피부염 진단 및 중증도 평가에 있어 부증상의 몇몇 항목이 유의하게 활용될 수 있는 가능성을 제시할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• 제37권2호
• /
• pp.123-127
• /
• 2020

Background: This study was designed using a mouse model of atopic dermatitis [phthalic anhydride (PA)-treated mice], to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of bee venom pharmacopuncture (BVP) in keratinocytes. Methods: Western blot analysis was performed to investigate inflammation related protein expression of iNOS, COX-2, phospho-ERK (p-ERK), and ERK, in LPS (1 ㎍/mL)-activated keratinocytes, following BVP treatment, and in PA-treated mice, after BVP treatment. Griess reaction was performed to investigate NO concentration. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to determine the concentrations of interleukin (IL)-4+, IL-17A+, IL-13 and IL-4 in PA-treated mice after BVP treatment. In addition, monocyte, macrophage, neutrophil, and eosinophil counts were measured to observe the changes in white blood cell infiltration. Results: The keratinocytes of the BVP-treated group showed a decreased expression of iNOS, COX-2, ERK at 5 OX-2, ERK E, and p-ERK at 1, 2 and 5 RKRK ERK ERK, and a dose-dependent decrease in NO concentration at 2 and 5 ntrationof s. In the BVP-treated groups (0.1 μ.1-trea μ.1-treated gr), PA-treated mice showed recovery after 4 weeks which was dose-dependent, showing a significant decrease in clinical scores for AD, and a decreased concentration of IL-13 and IL-4 with BV treatment. There was a dose-dependent decrease in the infiltration of eosinophils, neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, and a decreased thickness of the epidermis due to inflammation, and decreased expressions of iNOS, COX-2, p-ERK, ERK, especially in the 0.1 μ0/mL BVP-treated group, Conclusion: These results suggest that BVP may be an effective alternative treatment for atopic dermatitis.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• 제34권2호
• /
• pp.82-87
• /
• 2017

Objectives : Recently the case of lactobacillus mixture culture fluid appliment was reported. In this study, anti-inflamation effects and anti-allergy effects were studied by stimulus of lactobacillus mixture culture fluid extracts in HaCaT cells. Methods : The atopic dermatitis were induced by TNF-${\alpha}$ and interferon-${\gamma}$ in HaCaT cells. TARC/CCL17, MDC/CCL22, RANTES/CCL5 and ROS production were investigated to explain anti-inflamation and allergy effects of lactobacillus mixture culture fluid with cell-enzyme-linked Immunosorbent assay in 450 nm, 485 nm, 535 nm with spectro-fluorometer. Results : The extracts of lactobacillus mixture culture fluid were decreased TARC/CCL17, MDC/CCL22, RANTES/CCL5 expressions and ROS production with a concentration dependent manner. Conclusions : The effects mechanism of Lactobacillus mixed culture fluid for atopic dermatitis symptoms were considered to be explain anti-inflamation and allergy effects via control of cytokine, chemokine and ROS production, and the fluid could be applied in skin cells directly. But classified AD symptom degrees reported in clinical case before as Reaction Period, Reduction Period, Effect Period, Reproduction Period and Rebound Period could not be explained. Further study will be expected.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
• /
• 제31권1호
• /
• pp.25-42
• /
• 2017

Objectives The goal of this review was to investigate clinical, experimental and literature studies of Korean medicine on atopic dermatitis (AD) of Korean children in Korean medicine literature, seeking for the better research methods for more effective treatments. Methods Electronic investigations were practiced on AKOP (The Association of Korean Oriental Pediatrics, http://www.akop.or.kr) to collect theses which were published by J Pediatr Korean Med. The key word 'Atopy' was used for searching to ensure that every related thesis was collected. The publication date was limited from 1996 to 2016. The selected literatures were assessed mainly according to distributions of study type, publication year, scale, treatment and its efficacy. Results 55 papers were selected from 59 studies. In these collected 55 related theses, there were 29 experimental studies (52.73%), 18 clinical studies (32.73%), 8 review studies (14.55%). In the 29 experimental studies, there were 20 studies (68.97%) using NC/Nga mouse as subjects. The mite antigen was used to trigger AD by 8 studies (27.59%). The studies have been utilizing DNCB and DNFB instead of mite antigen since 2011. All the experimental studies showed that the Korean medicine was effective in AD. In total 18 clinical studies, 3 studies (16.67%) were case reports, only 1 thesis (5.56%) was conducted by case control study and the rest were case series studies. 7 studies (38.89%) of 18 studies diagnosed AD according to Hanifin and Rajka's diagnostic criteria (1980), only 1 study (5.56%) according to the Korean standard and the rest 10 studies (55.56%) didn't mention diagnostic criteria. 12 clinical studies (66.67%) showed efficacy in treating AD. There were 10 studies (55.56%) only employing internal treatments and 1 thesis (5.56%) didn't mention the exact prescription. Naesowhajungtang-kamibang, Saenghyeoryunbue-um were used 3 times (16.67%) as the internal medicine respectively. 5 theses (27.78%) were combined with acupuncture therapy. Hegu (LI4), Sanyinjiao (SP6) were used in 4 theses, and Taichong (LR3), Quchi (LI11), Zusanli (ST36) in 3 theses. The number of acupoints chosen from The Spleen meridian of Foot-Taiyin was the largest. There were 8 review theses. 2 were about the foreign oriental medicine, 3 were about the external medicine or external treatment methods, and 3 other studies were about severity scoring systems, the methodological study in the latest clinical study, overview for pattern and results of herbal medicine-derived AD clinical researches. Conclusions The experimental studies and clinical studies showed the effectiveness of Korean medicine treatments. However, this study still needs improving by conducting more comparative studies and using better research methods, in order to find more effective treatments to improve clinical efficacy.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• 제23권5호
• /
• pp.367-379
• /
• 2019

Although atopic dermatitis (AD) is known to be a representative skin disorder, it also affects the systemic immune response. In a recent study, myoblasts were shown to be involved in the immune regulation, but the roles of muscle cells in AD are poorly understood. We aimed to identify the relationship between mitochondria and atopy by genome-wide analysis of skeletal muscles in mice. We induced AD-like symptoms using house dust mite (HDM) extract in NC/Nga mice. The transcriptional profiles of the untreated group and HDM-induced AD-like group were analyzed and compared using microarray, differentially expressed gene and functional pathway analyses, and protein interaction network construction. Our microarray analysis demonstrated that immune response-, calcium handling-, and mitochondrial metabolism-related genes were differentially expressed. In the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology pathway analyses, immune response pathways involved in cytokine interaction, nuclear factor-kappa B, and T-cell receptor signaling, calcium handling pathways, and mitochondria metabolism pathways involved in the citrate cycle were significantly upregulated. In protein interaction network analysis, chemokine family-, muscle contraction process-, and immune response-related genes were identified as hub genes with many interactions. In addition, mitochondrial pathways involved in calcium signaling, cardiac muscle contraction, tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxidation-reduction process, and calcium-mediated signaling were significantly stimulated in KEGG and Gene Ontology analyses. Our results provide a comprehensive understanding of the genome-wide transcriptional changes of HDM-induced AD-like symptoms and the indicated genes that could be used as AD clinical biomarkers.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.109-115
• /
• 2016

Hataedock is a Korean medical treatment that administers herbal extracts orally to newborn infants. This method is used for alleviating harmful heat and excreting fetal wastes by meconium. The purpose of this study was to evaluate anti-inflammatory effect of Hataedock method with Douchi on 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)-induced atopic dermatitis (AD). The 3-week-old NC/Nga mice were divided into 3 groups: the control group (Ctrl), the AD-induced group (AE), and the Hataedock-treated group (GT). Only the GT group was treated with Hataedock at the 3rd week. After 28 days from Hataedock treatment, we induced AD-like dermatitis to the AE and GT group by DNFB. The effects of Hataedock were evaluated by immunohistochemical method. In the epithelium, PKC-positive reaction of the GT group was decreased by 57%. In the dermal papillae, IL-4-positive reaction was decreased by 34%. In the dermis, the distribution of degranulated mast cells was decreased and substance P-positive reaction was decreased by 49%. In the skin tissue, edema was decreased and MMP-9-positive reaction was decreased by 71%. Tissue damage such as epithelial cell hyperplasia, infiltration of granulocyte and lymphocyte, and capillary distribution were also decreased. The Hataedock method with Douchi maintained skin barrier and inhibited skin-damaging factors via regulating Th2 differentiation. In conclusion, Hataedock has a potential for preventative treatment of AD. Further studies are necessary to investigate the immune-regulating mechanism and verify the safety and efficacy of the Hataedock method.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제39권4호
• /
• pp.383-390
• /
• 2013

Objectives: We evaluated the effects of an allergy control program on children with atopic dermatitis (AD) in five schools located within Gyeonggi-do. Methods: Based on the results of the 12-month prevalence of AD symptoms from an International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire of all students (n=2109; 1040 boys, 1069 girls) at five randomly selected schools, 227 students with AD symptoms were screened. Finally, 188 students with greater than 1 on SCORAD (SCORing Atopic Dermatitis) determined by a physician were selected. The allergy control program includes education related to allergic diseases, skin prick tests, and SCORAD evaluation, as well as keeping a daily journal to check the usage of moisturizer at least once a day. To determine the effectiveness of the allergy control program, SCORAD evaluation was performed again six weeks later. Results: The most common symptom for 12-month prevalence was rhinorrhea (33.9%), followed by atopic skin lesions (14.8%) and wheezing (4.0%). The 12-month prevalences of the three allergic diseases were higher for boys than for girls, and a significant difference was found for allergic rhinitis (P<0.001). The mean SCORAD index decreased significantly from 26.1 to 17.5 after the completion of the six-week control program (P<0.01). In particular, these differences were more pronounced for the group which used the daily journal (P<0.001). Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the allergy control program including usage of a daily journal as well as regular monitoring could be a promising tool for preventing and alleviating the symptoms of allergic diseases.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.290-295
• /
• 2010

Gamigunggui-tang (GMGGT) is one of the important prescriptions that has been used in oriental medicine. We investigated the inhibitory effect of an oral administration of hot water extract of GMGGT on the development of atopic dermatitis (AD) by using Balb/c mice. The induction of atopic dermatitis-like lesion was conducted by the removal of the back hairs and topical application of 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) on to the back skin repeatedly. GMGGT was orally administered at a different dose (10.0 mg/kg, 50.0 mg/kg). Skin reactions, consisting of increased ear thickness and the presence of ear inflammation, were observed in mice over three weeks. Oral administration of GMGGT significantly suppressed the skin lesions, ear swelling, spleen weight, total serum IgE in a concentration dependent manner, and also inhibited the infiltration of mast cells in the dorsal skin. In the present study, these results suggested that GMGGT extract inhibits inflammatory response atopic dermatitis. Therefore, GMGGT may be effective substances for the management of AD in human.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.7.1-7.20
• /
• 2022

Recently, there have been impressive advancements in understanding of the immune mechanisms underlying cutaneous inflammatory diseases. To understand these diseases on a deeper level and clarify the therapeutic targets more precisely, numerous studies including in vitro experiments, animal models, and clinical trials have been conducted. This has resulted in a paradigm shift from non-specific suppression of the immune system to selective, targeted immunotherapies. These approaches target the molecular pathways and cytokines responsible for generating inflammatory conditions and reinforcing feedback mechanisms to aggravate inflammation. Among the numerous types of skin inflammation, psoriasis and atopic dermatitis (AD) are common chronic cutaneous inflammatory diseases. Psoriasis is a IL-17-mediated disease driven by IL-23, while AD is predominantly mediated by Th2 immunity. Autoimmune bullous diseases are autoantibody-mediated blistering disorders, including pemphigus and bullous pemphigoid. Alopecia areata is an organ-specific autoimmune disease mediated by CD8⁺ T-cells that targets hair follicles. This review will give an updated, comprehensive summary of the pathophysiology and immune mechanisms of inflammatory skin diseases. Moreover, the therapeutic potential of current and upcoming immunotherapies will be discussed.