• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.573-586
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• 2011

The MTF(modulation transfer function) is one of parameters to evaluate the performance of imaging systems. Also, it can be used to restore information that is lost by a harsh space environment (radioactivity, extreme cold/heat condition and electromagnetic field etc.), atmospheric effects and falloff of system performance etc. This paper evaluated the MTF values of images taken by DubaiSat-1 satellite which was launched in 2009 by EIAST(Emirates Institute for Advanced Science and Technology) and Satrec Initiative. Generally, the MTF was assessed using various methods such as a point source method and a knife-edge method. This paper used the slanted-edge method. The slantededge method is the ISO 12233 standard for the MTF measurement of electronic still-picture cameras. The method is adapted to estimate the MTF values of line-scanning telescopes. After assessing the MTF, we performed the MTF compensation by generating a MTF convolution kernel based on the PSF(point spread function) with image denoising to enhance the image quality.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.281-290
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• 2015

Recent climate change has led to fluctuations in agricultural production, and as a result national food supply has become an important strategic factor in economic policy. As such, in this study, panel data was collected to analyze the effects of seven meteorological elements on the production of five types of grain with error component panel data regression method following the test results of LM tests, Hausman test. The key factors affecting the production of rice were average temperature, average relative humidity and average ground surface temperature. The fluctuations in the other four grains types are not well explained by meterological elements. For other grains and beans, only average temperature and time (year) affect the production of other grains while average temperature, ground surface temperature, and time (year) influence the production of beans. For barley and millet, only average temperature positively affects the production of barley while ground surface temperature and time (year) negatively influence the production of millet. The implications of this study are as follow. First, it was confirmed that the meteorological elements have profound effects on the rice production. Second, when compared to existing studies, this study was not limited to rice but encompassed all five types of grains and went beyond other studies that were limited to temperature and rainfall to include various meteorological elements.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.78-90
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• 2015

Short rotation woody crops belonging to the genera Populus L., Salix L., Pinus L., and Eucalyptus L'Her. have provided broad economic and ecological benefits throughout the world, including afforestation and reforestation along urban to rural gradients. Within the genus Populus, cottonwoods, poplars, aspens, and their hybrids (hereafter referred to as poplars) have been shown to exhibit favorable genotype ${\times}$ environment interactions, especially in the face of changing climates. Similar growth responses have been reported for Pinus, especially with white pine (Pinus strobus L.) in the North Central United States. This has led to current research priorities focused on ecosystem services for both genera. The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005) defines cultural, supporting, provisioning, and regulating ecosystem services. The overarching objective of this paper was to synthesize information about the potential of poplars to provide multiple ecosystem services when grown at sites with varying soil and climate conditions across landscape gradients from urban to rural areas. Specific objectives included: 1) providing background of the United States Forest Service and its Research and Development branch, 2) integrating knowledge of current poplar breeding and development with biomass provisioning and carbon regulating ecosystem services as they relate to changing climates in the North Central United States, and 3) providing a case study illustrating this integration through comparisons of poplar with white pine. Our results were evaluated in the context of climate change mitigation, with specific focus on selection of favorable genotypes for sequestering atmospheric carbon and reducing fossil fuel carbon emissions.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.2311-2316
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• 2014

Conformations and vibrational frequencies of the racemic (2RS,3RS)-5-amino-3-(4-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-ol-(I) [(2RS,3RS)-(I)], a precursor of benzovesamicol analogues, have been carried out using various DFT methods (M06-2X, B3LYP, B3PW91, PBEPBE, LSDA, and B3P86) with basis sets of 6-31G(d), 6-31+G(d,p), 6-311+G(d,p), 6-311++G(d,p), cc-pVTZ, and TZVP. The LSDA/6-31G(d) level of theory shows the best performance in reproducing the X-ray powder structure. However, the PBEPBE/cc-pVTZ level of theory is the best method to predict the vibrational frequencies of (2RS,3RS)-(I). The potential energy surfaces of racemic pairs (2RS,3RS)-(I) and -(II) are obtained at the LSDA/6-31G(d) level of theory in the gas phase and in water. The results indicate that (2RS,3RS)-(I) are more stable by ~0.75 kcal/mol in energy than (2RS,3RS)-(II) in water, whereas conformer AIIg and BIIg are more stable by ~0.04 kcal/mol than AIg in gas phase. In particular, the hydrogen bond distances between the N of piperazine and the OH of tetrahydronaphthalen become longer in gas, compared with those in the water phase. Vibrational frequencies calculated at the PBEPBE/cc-pVTZ level of theory in the gas phase are larger than those in water, whereas their intensities in the gas phase are weaker than those in water.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.40 no.7
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• pp.569-573
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• 2016

Strengthened regulations for atmospheric emissions from ships have created a need for new and alternative power systems that offer low emissions and high energy efficiency. Recently, new types of propulsion power systems, such as fuel cell systems that use hydrogen as an energy source, have gained serious consideration in applications requiring emission control. The purpose of this work is to certify the availability of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) systems equipped with recycled steam reforming fuel processors, and to compare their performance with that of extra steam reforming systems. The results demonstrate that the recycled steam reforming system has a slightly lower cell voltage and higher energy efficiency than the extra steam reforming system.

• Proceedings of the Microbiological Society of Korea Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.80-82
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• 2007

We have isolated numerous cold deep-sea adapted microorganisms (piezophilic, formerly referred to as "barophilic" bacteria) using deep-sea research submersibles. Many of the isolates are novel psychrophilic bacteria, and we have identified several new piezophilic species, i.e., Photobacterium profundum, Shewanella violacea, Moritella japonica, Moritella yayanosii, Psychromonas kaikoi, and Colwellia piezophila. These piezophiles are involving to five genera in gamma-Proteobacteria subgroup and produce significant amounts of unsaturated fatty acids in their cell membrane fractions to maintain the membrane fluidity in cold and high-pressure environments. Piezophilic microorganisms have been identified in many deep-sea bottoms of many of the world oceans. Therefore, these microbes are well distributed on our planet. One of the isolated deep-sea piezophiles, Shewanella violacea strain DSS12 is a psychrophilic, moderately piezophilic bacterium from a sediment sample collected at the Ryukyu Trench (depth: 5,110 m), which grows optimally at 30 MPa and $8^{\circ}C$ but also grows at atmospheric pressure (0.1 MPa) and $8^{\circ}C$. We have examined this strain to elucidate the molecular basis for gene regulation at different pressure conditions because this strain is useful as a model bacterium for comparing the various features of bacterial physiology under pressure conditions. In addition, we completed the sequencing of the entire genome of this piezophilic bacterium and we expect that many biotechnologically useful genes will be identified from the genome information.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.28-34
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• 2015

Recently, some researchers have been carried out risk assessment of vehicles exhaust on human health. Especially, some of VOCs which is non-controlled, was classified to hazardous pollutant, such as 1,3-Butadiene and BTEX(Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene and Xylene). Therefore, the profile on non-controlled pollutant may be needed in the future, because it would be critical data or information to control them. Additionally, with increasing amount of motorcycle, the source profiling is essential for estimating emission factor and amount on motorcycle exhaust. For these, in this study, imported motorcycles (8 vehicles) were selected as a test model while considering the increasing ratio on sales volume between 2013 and 2014; it was also compared with domestic motorcycles on those. The experiment was conducted by driving mode, UDC and ECE+EUDC that made from EURO III. In addition, it was performed at cold start driving mode without effect by displacement, for evaluating only correlation of BTEX with HC. In order to apply the ratio (m,p-Xylene/o-Xylene) as a marker, the ratio was compared with those of tunnel, road side and residential area. As a result, it showed best correlation ($R^2=0.98$) among those. In the future, it has to be considered as a marker for effect evaluation to atmospheric environment by exhaust emission.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.127-133
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• 2020

The international cancer research institute under the WHO designated fine dust as a first-class carcinogen. Particular matter refers to dust that is small enough to be invisible and floating in the air. Particular matter is mainly emitted from the combustion process of fossil fuels such as coal and oil, and is a risk factor that can cause lung disease, pneumonia, and heart disease. The Ministry of Environment recently analyzed the output data of 10 fine dust measuring stations and, as a result, announced that about 60% had an error that the existing atmospheric measurement concentration was higher. In order to accurately predict fine dust, the wind direction and measurement position must be corrected. In this paper, in order to solve these problems, fuzzy rules are used to solve these problems. In addition, in order to calculate the fine particulate sensation index actually felt by pedestrians on the street, a computer simulation experiment was conducted to calculate the fine particulate sensation index in consideration of weather conditions, temperature conditions, humidity conditions, and wind conditions.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.559-573
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• 2020

The purpose of this study analyzed the overview of corrugated cardboasrd manufacturing industry and then provide direction for improvement. The BREF (BAT reference document) is an important reference for licensees and officer, including the best available techniques for the industry and achievable environmental performance, technical characteristics, and economic information. In the corrugated cardboard manufacturing process, wastewater pollutants are generated throughout the production process, and water is used in the dissociation and aging process. Atmospheric emissions are mostly generated by steam production from boilers and incinerators for the dry process. SO₂, NOx, CO₂, CO, HCl, dust, VOC, and odor were common. In the EU-BREF (European union BAT reference documents) BAT for wastewater have taken up a relatively large proportion. Items of water pollutants in wastewater were common in COD, BOD, N, P, SS, and however EU-BREF had different pollutants such as AOX and salt compared to K-BREF. In order to improve the quality of the K-BREF, it is necessary to devise basic data research method and data acqusitiom method. Consideration should be given to additional environmental management techniques that reflect the emissions characteristics of the corrugated cardboard manufacturing process. In addition, further research is needed to develop methodologies for selecting BATs considering environmental and economic feasibility.

• Advances in environmental research
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.81-98
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• 2013

Mercury (Hg) dynamics in the boreal environment have been a subject of concern in recent decades, due to the exposure of local populations to the contaminant. Land use, because of its impact on mercury inputs, has been highlighted as a key player in the sources and eventual concentrations of the heavy metal. In order to evaluate the impact of watershed disturbances on Hg dynamics in frequently fished, large boreal lakes, we studied sediment cores retrieved at the focal point of eight large lakes of Qu$\acute{e}$bec (Canada), six with watersheds affected by land uses such as logging and/or mining, and two with pristine watersheds, considered as reference lakes. Using a Geographical Information System (GIS), we correlated the recent evolution of land uses (e.g., logging and mining activities) and morphological characteristics of the watershed (e.g., mean slope of the drainage area, vegetation cover) to total Hg concentrations (THg) in sedimentary records. In each core, THg gradually increased over recent years with maximum values between 70 and 370 ng/g, the lowest mercury concentrations corresponding to the pristine lake cores. The Hg Anthropogenic Sedimentary Enrichment Factor (ASEF) values range from 2 to 15. Surprisingly, we noticed that the presence of intense land uses in the watershed does not necessarily correspond to noticeable increases of THg in lake sediments, beyond the normal increment that can be attributed to Hg atmospheric deposition since the beginning of the industrial era. Rather, the terrestrial Hg inputs of boreal lakes appear to be influenced by watershed characteristics such as mean slopes and vegetation cover.