• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.221-226
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• 2004

View targets have been studied extensively in terms of an aesthetic value and a monetary asset. But there was actually deficient in the research about a variety of view targets. Therefore, the purpose of this paper was to classify systematically into diverse view targets in an apartment unit by the use of both the literature methods and the questionnaire-interview survey. In result, the view targets in an apartment unit were categorized by two large groups which are a natural-type and an artificial-type view. The former was subdivided into a pure natural-type and a man-made natural-type view, while the latter was subdivided into a building-type, a street-furniture-type, a road-type, a open-space-type, and a tower-type view. Consequently, this study might be applied to the understanding of the quality of residential environment as a basis.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.17
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• pp.107-133
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to analyze a trend of profitability classified by characteristics of hospitals and to analyze related factors. The data for this study were derived from survey material conducted by the Korean Hospital Association on 33 hospitals in Korea between 1993 and 2002. Profitability was measured in the aspect of investment profit rate and operation profit rate with net profit to total assets, normal profit to total assets and operating margin to gross revenue as dependent variables. Independent variables were classified by general factors (ownership, number of beds, period of establishment, region), financial factors (total asset turnover, liabilities to total assets, current ratio, fixed ratio, inventories turnover, personnel costs per operation profit, material costs per operation profits), composition of manpower and facilities(personnel and area per beds), productivity index(the number of daily patients per medical doctor, the number of daily patients per nurse), the score of quality assurance activities. First, Concerning the specialists per beds or area per beds and profitability of hospitals there was not statistically significant. Second, Those hospitals having the most daily patients per nurse had significantly higher profitability than the others, but the number of daily patients per medical doctor had little effect on the profitability. Thirds, Those hospitals having a higher proportion total asset turnover tended to show significantly higher profitability compared to other hospitals, but the liabilities to total assets and liquidity ratio had a little difference to the profitability. Those hospitals having a higher proportion personnel costs per operation profit and material costs per operation profits tended to show significantly lower hospital profitability compared to other hospitals. Fourth, In regression analysis, hospital profitability had negative relationship with personnel costs per operation profit or material costs per operation profits. While it had positive relationship with total asset turnover, the number of daily patients per nurse. In conclusion, private hospitals had higher profitability than that of public hospitals. Though factors related to profitability of hospital were different according to ownership, it is important for securing appropriate profitability by operating appropriate number of nurse, raising total asset turnover, and reducing personnel costs, material costs per operation profits. This study can be used as a baseline data for planning of hospital management. But the study may be limited in that the results cannot be generalized due to its small sample size. However, this longitudinal observation of 33 hospitals over ten year period has significant merit alone.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.30-38
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• 2015

IT security service provides customers with the capability of protecting the networked information asset and infrastructures, and the scope of security service is expanding from a technology-intensive task to a comprehensive protection system for IT environment. To improve the quality of this service, a research model which help assess the quality is required. Several research models have been proposed and used in various service areas, but few cases are found for IT security service. In this work, a research model for the IT security quality has been proposed, based on research models such as SERVQUAL and E-S-QUAL. With the proposed model, factors which affect the service quality and the best quality measure have been identified. And the feasibility of using quantitative measures for quality has been examined. For analysis, structural equation modeling and various statistical methods such as principal component analysis were used. The result shows that satisfaction is the most significant measure affected by the proposed quality factors. Two quality factors, fulfillment and empathy, are the main determinants of the service quality. This leads to a strategy of quality improvement based on factors of emotion and perception, not of technology. The quantitative measures are considered as promising alternative measures, when combined with other measures. In order to design reliable quantitative measures, more work should be done on target processing time and users' expectation. It is hoped that work of this research will provide efficient tools and methods to improve the quality of IT security service and help future research works for other IT service areas.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.35-47
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• 2018

Purpose - This study seeks to find out the factors affecting the performance of franchisees from the franchisor's and franchise's intangible assets. In order to explain the process, this study explores the concept of LMX, Relational Capital, and Decision Rights Delegation. Research design, data, and methodology - To verify the proposed hypotheses, a questionnaire survey was conducted for franchise store owners, and to test the hypotheses, structural equation modeling was established. Results - First, franchisor's intangible assets affect the quality of LMX, but don't affect the relational capital. And the quality of LMX affects the relational capital. In addition, "the effect of delegation of decision rights on relational capital" and "the effect of relational capital on franchisee's performance" were significant. However, the effect of delegation of decision rights on franchisee's performance wasn't significant. Second, the intangible assets of the franchise have a positive effect on the quality of the LMX and the degree of delegation of decision rights, and the quality of the LMX has a positive effect on the delegation of decision rights. Conclusions - This study would suggest operational implications for the formation of vertical and horizontal relationships and the cooperation between the main members of the franchise business.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.189-197
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• 2013

The purpose of the study was to analyze the improvement elements depended on housing quality measurement tool related to mental health. The data for the analysis was collected through questionnaire survey method from November 1, 2012 to January 17, 2013, and the sample consisted of 720 respondents living in single detached houses, multi-families detached houses, apartments, and town houses in 4 cities, Seoul, Busan, Daejeon, and Kwangju. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results of improvement elements are as follows: 1) Pedestrian-threaten street from cars in physical safety 2) A secluded or dark spot and fear of walking at night in social security, 3) Indoor noise, outdoor noise, and evidence of abandoned trash heap/bottle in neighborhood in health & sanitation, 4) Illegal parking and heating control system in facility convenience, 5) Extra kitchen, number of bathrooms, and community spaces in space convenience, 6) Openness and spaciousness of indoor room, and satisfaction of house and neighborhood in comfort, 7) Management common/sharing space in maintenance, 8) Energy saving facility and environment friendly materials use in sustainability, 9) Burden on housing cost, asset value on house, and school district in economic value, 10) Reflection of residents style, surrounding building's number of layers, and neighborhood appearance of preference in housing environment image.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.361-372
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• 2014

Purpose: In this paper, we investigate whether the endeavors for 6 sigma quality management by a firm have positive effects on its financial performance and the length of 6 sigma implemented period affects its financial status. Methods: We conduct the analysis using the data from Workplace Panel Survey 2009. We use multiple linear regression in order to analyze the relationship between the efforts for quality management and financial performance. Specifically, the return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) are investigated as dependent variables and the efforts for quality management as independent variable. The Box-Cox transformation and Cook's distance are also used. Results: As a result of the analysis, the indication is that companies that put effect into the six sigma quality management have a positive result in its financial status. In detail, the efforts for six sigma quality management have positive effects on total asset turnover ratio and six sigma implemented period on net income to net sales ratio. Additionally, companies with longer(shorter) period of six sigma program have more (less) improvement in its financial status. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the company's efforts for quality management positively influence financial performance.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07a
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• pp.22-24
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• 2006

The installations of power quality monitoring system have increased drastically over the past several decades. These systems have been effectively used to monitor, analyze and diagnose the conditions of power system, and furthermore can be used to improve the present asset maintenance policy, scheduled (time-based) method, into the advanced, cost-effective and labor-effective maintenance methods, such as condition-based maintenance, predictive maintenance and reliability centered maintenance. As an approach to this, this paper introduces the statistical methods, three kinds of control charts (Shewhart chart, CUSUM chart and EWMA chart), and discusses the applicability of these methods to recognize the changing trends of power quality indices and to estimate the system's condition, using Matlab.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.923-933
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• 2011

In this study, we derived seven customer value factors to evaluate the levels of service in wastewater utilities required by customers. Levels of service according to the customer value were categorized into environmental amenity, accessibility of wastewater service, affordability of wastewater charge, quality of wastewater service, health and safety of wastewater service provision, reliability and responsiveness of wastewater service provision, and satisfaction of customer service. To investigate the levels of wastewater service, questionnaires were prepared according to the customer value factors, and the questionnaire survey was performed with 800 adults in all over Korea including male and female samples. The comprehensive satisfaction score for the wastewater service was 57.5 points, indicating a slightly good satisfaction level. The detailed analysis of the result showed that the satisfaction level was high in the wastewater service accessibility and call center service provision but it was relatively low in the river water quality and nasty smell of wastewater. It was concluded that the quality of wastewater service and customer service satisfaction need to be elevated primarily in order to improve levels of wastewater service required by the customers.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.623-635
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• 2021

The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of information risk on the Cost of Equity (COE) and whether the risk of a stock price crash mediates the relation between information risk and COE. To test the dynamic nature of the proposed model, the two-step system GMM dynamic panel estimators are applied to all the non-financial firms listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) from 2007- 2018. The results of this study show that all three types of information risk, as well as the risk of the share price crash, increases the COE. The crash risk strengthens the impact of information risk on the COE. Moreover, these three information risks are correlated with each other and an increase in information quality reduces the effect of asymmetric information and improves the investor interpreting ability, while an increase in private information decreases the transparency. The finding is crucial for asset pricing, portfolio management, and information disclosure. This study contributes to the literature by providing novel findings on the impact of three different types of information risk, i.e. private information, quality of information, and transparency of information on the COE as well as whether crash risk mediates the relationship.

• Architectural research
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.91-98
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• 2019

In modern times, numerous cities are competing to create the unique skyline adjacent to the water. Tall buildings located across the river have a great contribution to the skyline of a riverfront city and can be a precious asset for the city. Moreover, in several cities, tall buildings and their impact on the urban skyline are a matter that should be considered and regulated in urban design. Therefore, as a prominent element in a larger visual setting of the city, tall buildings should improve the visual quality of the skyline rather than diminish that quality. This research attempts to provide an objective method to analyze the visual quality of the skyline made by a group of tall buildings through their feature of heights and spatial arrangement from riverfront views. The analysis is determined by the design variables of building heights variation, heights transition, density, and spacing of a group of tall buildings. A comparative case study of tall buildings in Yeouido and Lujiazui was conducted to prove the effectiveness of the analysis. The proposed method can be used in a simple way in the quantitative approach to quantify the visual quality of the skyline. In conclusion, Yeuido's skyline is not quite interesting from the riverfront view in terms of height variation and continuity of the skyline view because they are dispersed. Conversely, Lujiazui's skyline from the riverfront vantage points has a good quality in all aspects of the feature of height and spatial arrangements of tall buildings cluster. These factors can be used for the urban designer on how proposed tall buildings within the cluster should appropriately respond to adding image on the skyline.