• 기본간호학회지
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.29-43
• /
• 2007

Purpose: This study was done to develop a pain management protocol for nursing home patients with dementia and to examine effects of the protocol on pain assessments and interventions by the nurses and on pain relief signs in the patients. Method: The six steps in the protocol development and the examination of effect are outlined. Three rounds using the Delphi technique and one group pretest-posttest design experiment were developed. Design issues, such as sample selection and sample size, are addressed in relation to the study protocol. Results: After implementation of the pain management protocol, there were significant changes nursing actions including frequency of number of physical examinations, utilization of pain assessment tools, and request to doctors for discomfort management and there were significant changes in frequency in the number of verbal and physical expressions of pain, and emotional patterns. Conclusion: This is the first pain management protocol for patients with dementia in Korea. However, more study will be needed to determine the methodological strength and necessary revisions for the protocol.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.135-144
• /
• 2003

본 논문은 인터넷 기업의 비즈니스몰에 정당한 평가를 위한 객관적인 기준을 분석 연구하는데 그 목적이 있다. 일반적으로 인터넷비즈니스몰의 평가모형은 재무적 요소나 트래픽 요소, 비계량적 요소 각각을 갖고 하는 평가가 수행되어왔다. 그러나 이중 어느 것 한 요인만을 중심으로 인터넷비즈니스몰의 가치를 판단하는 것은 옳지 않는 것이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 기존의 인터넷비즈니스몰 평가모형과 새롭게 연구되고 있는 계량적 요소와 비계량적 요소 모두를 고려해 평가하는 인터넷비즈니스몰의 평가모형을 살펴보았다. 계량적 평가모형은 기업간 상대적 우위뿐만 아니라, 평가요소간 가중치도 고려함으로써 비즈니스 모델에서 고객들이 중요하게 평가하고 있는 요인을 알 수 있다.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
• /
• 제32권5호
• /
• pp.453-469
• /
• 2016

최근 영상융합 기법의 품질평가를 위하여 다양한 방법이 제안되었다. 품질평가를 위한 일련의 과정들을 통틀어 프로토콜이라 정의되었으며, Wald's 프로토콜, QNR 프로토콜, Khan's 프로토콜 등의 다양한 품질평가 프로토콜이 제시되었다. 본 논문에서는 KOMPSAT-2/3/3A 위성영상을 활용하여 제시된 세 가지 품질평가 프로토콜을 각기 다른 융합 기법에 적용하였을 때 나타나는 결과를 비교하고, KOMPSAT 위성영상에의 활용가능성을 알아보는 한편 각 프로토콜의 장단점을 분석하였다. 이 때 기존의 연구와 달리 융합 영상의 품질이 시각적으로 뚜렷하게 구분되는 융합 기법을 사용하여 육안 분석을 통한 정성적 분석을 진행함과 동시에 각 품질평가 프로토콜을 통한 정량적 분석을 수행하였다. 이를 통해 분광정보 보존의 측면과 공간 정보 보존의 측면에서 정성적 결과와 정량적 결과의 유사성을 파악하였다. 분석 결과, 각 프로토콜의 과정상 특징을 반영하는 결과를 나타내었다. Wald's 프로토콜의 경우 정성적/정량적 분석 결과가 동일하였으나, 프로토콜 수행 과정이 번거로우며 특히 영상의 공간해상도를 강제로 저하시킨 후 융합을 진행하여도 그 결과가 실제 공간해상도의 융합 결과와 동일하다는 전제를 가정하고 있다는 한계점이 존재하였다. QNR 프로토콜의 경우 원 영상의 융합 결과를 평가할 수 있다는 장점이 존재하였다. 그러나 분광정보 보존 분석 시 Wavelet 융합 결과의 aliasing 현상을 반영하지 못하는 등의 불안정성이 존재하여 프로토콜을 활용할 때 주의해야하는 단점이 있었다. Khan's 프로토콜의 경우 분광정보 보존 분석의 경우에 정성적/정량적 분석 결과가 Wavelet 융합 기법에서 일치하지 않았다. 이는 품질평가 시 공간해상도를 강제로 저하시킬 때 융합 영상의 품질이 변하여 발생하는 문제였다. 공간정보 보존 분석의 경우 Wald's 프로토콜의 한계점과 QNR 프로토콜의 단점을 모두 보완하여 품질평가를 수행하는 프로토콜이라 할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
• /
• 제35권1호
• /
• pp.15-26
• /
• 2024

Objectives: The objective of this study is to develop a specialized clinical research protocol for acupuncture treatment specifically designed for disaster survivors based on insights from an expert survey. Methods: An expert panel comprising specialists in neuropsychiatry, acupuncture, and clinical research methodology was assembled. Initial data to inform the clinical research protocol design was collected utilizing open-ended responses, multiple-choice questions, and a 5-point Likert scale to gauge agreement levels. Next, this data was disseminated to a panel of experts. A cohesive clinical research protocol was then formulated during a core panel meeting by integrating insights from a panel of 10 experts. Results: The protocol developed herein entails a non-randomized controlled study involving participants aged 19~64 years old who have been identified as high-risk or cautious according to the National Trauma Center screening test. The study design includes the establishment of an active control group, which allows for the assessment of an additional effect through comparison with conventional therapy. The selected acupuncture approach involves a combination of manual acupuncture and ear acupuncture. For clinical outcome assessment, the Clinician-Administered Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Scale for DSM-5 was proposed to gauge trauma symptoms. Representative scales for various domains such as depression, anxiety, anger, insomnia, pain, and quality of life were also provided for reference. Conclusions: The developed protocol is anticipated to streamline the swift design and initiation of clinical trials during disaster scenarios. It is also designed to be scalable, thereby enabling its application in both non-randomized control group studies and single-group before-and-after comparisons.

• 대한한의학회지
• /
• 제38권1호
• /
• pp.46-55
• /
• 2017

Objectives: The aim of this study is reviewing the literature to extract the key parameter, study design, perspective, cost-effectiveness index and find the calibration parameter for the clinical study with economical evaluation protocol on facial palsy. Methods: Literature search is performed using PUBMED for literature published from January 2000 to December 2016. We included randomized controlled trials(RCTs) and modelling study with economic assessment in which human participated. Results: As a result of literature search, the 198 articles were found. After reviewing the title, abstract and full text, the 5 articles were selected. Selected articles are classified into 4 RCT studies dealing with quality of life and 1 CEA(cost-effectiveness analysis) study. Conclusions: We found reliable key parameters, calibration parameters and elements of economical assessment study, which might be necessary factors for developing research protocol of clinical trial with economic evaluation about facial palsy patients.

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회 2004년도 KSOT/KEMS Fall Annual Meeting
• /
• pp.48-57
• /
• 2004

• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국독성학회 2004년도 KSOT/KEMS fall annual meeting
• /
• pp.48-57
• /
• 2004

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국해양정보통신학회 2007년도 춘계종합학술대회
• /
• pp.371-374
• /
• 2007

센서 네트워크에서 효율적인 채널의 사용은 짧은 시간 안에 많은 양의 패킷을 전달하기 위해 중요하며, 채널 활용성을 향상시킨다. 채널 활용성은 MAC 프로토콜의 효율성을 설명하기 위한 좋은 방법이다. 본 논문에서는 효율적인 채널 사용을 위해 B-MAC(Berkeley-MAC)에서 사용한 기법들과 TDMA(Time Division Multiple Access)를 결합시킨 MAC(Media Access Control) 프로토콜을 제안한다. 기본적으로는 backoff, CCA(Clear Channel assessment), LPL(Low Power Listen) 기법 등을 사용하여 충돌과 에너지 소모를 줄이며, 동시에 경쟁 상태에 따라 전송 방식을 다르게 함으로써 채널 활용성을 높이고자 한다. 시뮬레이션을 통하여 기존의 MAC 프로토콜과 비교하여 성능이 향상됨을 보여준다.

• 재활간호학회지
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.118-127
• /
• 2016

Purpose: This study was to develop an evidence-based clinical practice protocol of physical restraints by adaptation process for patients with a geriatric hospital. Methods: Protocol adaptation process was conducted in accordance with manual for guideline adaptation version 1.0 by ADAPTE collaboration. Results: The adapted physical restraint protocol was consisted of 3 domains and 37 recommendations. The number of recommendations in each domain were: 7 nursing assessment, 19 nursing intervention, and 11 nursing evaluation. More than half (56.8%) of the recommendations were rated as grade B, 37.8% as grade C, and 5.4% were rated as grade D. Conclusion: The adapted physical restraint protocol is expected to contribute as an evidence-based clinical practice protocol for healthcare workers in geriatric hospitals for reducing and improving efficiency of appropriate physical restraints use.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제44권3호
• /
• pp.280-293
• /
• 2014

Purpose: The study was done to develop an evidence-based enteral nutrition (EN) protocol for effective nutritional support for dysphagia in patients with acute stroke, and to evaluate effects of this protocol on clinical outcomes. Methods: A methodological study was used to develop the EN protocol and a quasi-experimental study to verify the effectiveness of the protocol. The preliminary EN protocol was drawn by selecting recommendations from previous well-designed EN guidelines, and then developing additional recommendations based on high-quality evidence. Content validation was assessed by an expert group, and clinical applicability by care providers and patients. The scale-level content validity index of the final EN protocol was 0.99. Assessment was done of differences in percentage of caloric goals achieved and presence of undernutrition, aspiration pneumonia, and gastrointestinal (GI) complications after application of the EN protocol. Results: In the EN protocol group, the percentage of caloric goals achieved ($R^2=.24$, p=.001) and the reduction of GI complications (p=.045) were significantly improved, but the presence of undernutrition (p=.296) and aspiration pneumonia (p=.601) did not differ from the usual care group. Conclusion: Results indicate that the new EN protocol for dysphagia in patients with acute stroke significantly increased their nutritional intake and reduced GI complications.