• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.20 no.4 s.72
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• pp.71-77
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• 2005

There are insufficient models that find problems and solutions for accident prevention through risk assessment and suggest safe work process and work instruction from foundation works to finish work for accident decrease. This paper presents a quantitative risk assessment model by analysis of risk factors in each process such as foundation, erection, structure, equipment finish and etc based on accident examples and investigation on actual condition in building. In addition, the safety management system was developed to perform risk assessment of construction and use it for effective safety training for labor.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.186-186
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• 2011

최근 전자제품의 소형화로 인해 패키징 방법 또한 고밀도 실장법이 연구되고 있다. 고밀도실장을 위해 칩과 솔더간의 간격이 줄어들고, 칩의 두께 또한 얇아지고 있다. 칩과 회로간 연결 소재로는 주석 계열 솔더가 사용 중인데, 고밀도 실장을 위해 산업계에서는 미세 피치에 적합한 솔더를 이용하고 있다. 이에 대한 기초 연구로 순도가 높은 Sn의 wetting 및 기초 솔더링 특성을 평가하였다. 솔더의 spreading, wetting 시험을 실시하였으며, EDS 및 EPMA의 성분분석 평가도 실시하였다.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.40-55
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to confirm the effects of external applications(CLANCHE SM A Clinic) containing herbal extracts on patient with atopic dermatitis. Methods : A total of 24 patients who visited Semyung Oriental Medical Center from January 15th, 2014 to February 20th, 2014 were included in the study. In this study, the patients were treated with external applications(CLANCHE SM A Clinic) containing herbal extracts. For 4 weeks of gross examination and instrumental assesment were made before and after the study. Results : 1. In the primary endpoint, SCORAD index showed a statistically significant decline. 2. In the secondary endpoint, index of skin hydration and index of TEWL showed statistical significance. 3. In the secondary endpoint, index of skin pH showed no statistically significant result. 4. To evaluate the safety of the products for the human body, vital sign check were conducted and showed no statistically significant result. And There were no severe adverse events during this study. Therefore, it is suggested that the safety of the products, if used for certain period, should be safe for the human body. 5. In global assesment of efficacy, both experimenter and subjects evaluated external applications were effective. Conclusions : According to the above experiments, it is suggested that external applications(CLANCHE SM A Clinic) containing herbal extracts should be effective for the atopic dermatitis.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.126-141
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• 2008

Objective : This clinical research was conducted to test patients with Atopic Dermatitis by external application with Yeongyuseungmatang in cosmetics. Methods : We gave scores to 33 patients who visited the Dept. of Oriental Medical Opthalmology & Otolaryngology & Dermatology of Semyung Jecheon Oriental Medical Hospital from April 17th, 2008 to June 12th. Seventeen patients were treated with Yeongyuseungmatang(Experimental group) and sixteen patients were treated with Atopico skin care cream(Control group) for 4weeks. We observed change of total IgE, eosinophil count, Skin Temperature, Transepidermal Water Loss(TEWL), Skin Hydration and Skin pH. Also Clinic Index of Atopic Dermatitis(SCORAD Index) and global assesment of efficacy were used to evaluate the effects of Yeongyuseungmatang. Statistical analysis was performed by using frequency analysis and descriptive analysis. Statistical significance was achieved if the probability was less than 5%(p<0.05). Results : 1. After 4 weeks of external application treatment, SCORAD Index in Yeongyuseungmatang was significant statistically decreased compared with control group. 2. After 4 weeks of external application treatment, eosinophil count in Yeongyuseungmatang was significant statistically decreased compared with control group but total IgE was very increased both Yeongyuseungmatang and control group. 3. Statistically, Yeongyuseungmatang and control group didn't showed significant effect on Skin Temperature was measured by Thermometer SM815. 4. Transepidermal Water Loss(TEWL) in Yeongyuseungmatang was significant statistically decreased compared with control group measured by Tewameter TM300. 5. Skin Hydration in Yeongyuseungmatang was significant statistically increased compared with control group measured by Corneometer CM825. 6. Statistically, Yeongyuseungmatang and control group didn't showed significant effect on Skin pH was measured by Skin-pH-Meter PH905. 7. After 4 weeks of external application treatment, Yeongyuseungmatang showed significant effect on global assesment of efficacy. Conclusion : Considering the above results, we can speculate that cosmetics with Yeongyuseungmatang has some therapeutical effects in mitigating the symptoms of atopic dermatitis.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.182-191
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• 2014

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify necessary emergency treatment and nursing activities for severe trauma patients according to elapsed time and vital signs. Methods: A survey was conducted with 121 patients over 15 points ISS on EMR from June 1, 2011 to May 31, 2012. Collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, applying McNemar's test using SPSS 12.0. Results: Almost all of the subjects were men and the mean age was 46.9. Run-time for primary diagnosis, treatment decision, and leaving for the hospital room was 0.19, 4.36, and 4.21 hours, respectively, and stayover time was 9 hours. Regardless of vital signs, emergency treatments involving ambu-bagging, intubation, ventilator, and central vein catheterization insertion were offered within an hour. Central venous pressure, Foley catheter/Levin tube preparation and maintenance were performed in cases of unstable vital sign patients within an hour. Unrelated to vital signs, nursing activities for consciousness assessment, skin assesment and wound care, bed sore/fall down assesment and care, intravenous injection insertion and maintenance were conducted for all severe trauma patients within an hour. Foley catheter/Levin tube drainage care was performed for patients who had unstable vital signs within an hour. Conclusion: Emergency treatment and nursing activities for severe trauma patients were specific according to elapsed time and vital signs.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.182-190
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• 2004

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical feature and the results of the treatment of Lisfranc joint fracture/dislocation with limited open reduction, pin fixation and Ilizarov external fixation. Materials and Methods: From June 2001 to May 2003, six patients with Lisfranc fracture/dislocation were treated. The average periods of follow-up was 23 months. After limited open reduction on the second tarso-metatarsal joint, we performed pin fixation of the above joint. On the other Lisfranc joint fracture/dislocation, closed reduction and the application of Ilizarov external fixator was done. This rigid system produced the early partial weight bearing and joint motion of the injured foot and ankle joint. The parameters used were radiographic evaluation, patient's clinical assesment and the AOFAS midfoot score. Results: We used the Myerson's criterier to evaluate the radiographic result. All cases could be achieved more than nearly anatomical reduction. Three cases of excellent and 3 cases of good result could be obtained in the evaluation of the patient's clinical assesment. The average AOFAS midfoot score was 87.2 ($76{\sim}95$) points. Conclusion: The treatment using Ilizarov external fixation on Lisfranc joint fracture/dislocation can be another useful method.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.10A no.4
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• pp.321-330
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• 2003

This paper proposes an agent-based adaptive tutoring system that monitors learning process of learners' and provides learning materials dynamically according to the analyzed learning character. Furthermore, it uses fuzzy concept to evaluate learners' ability and to provide learning materials appropriate to the level of learners'. For this, we design a courseware knowledge structure systematically and then construct a fuzzy level set on the basis of it considering importance of learning targets, difficulty of learning materials and relation degree between learning targets and learning materials. Using agent, monitoring continually the learning process of learners 'inferencing to offer proper hints in case of incorrect answer in learning assesment, composing dynamically learning materials according to the learning feature and the evaluation of assesment, our system implements effectively adaptive instruction system. Moreover, appling the fuzzy concept to the system could naturally consider and ideal with various and uncertain items of learning environment thus could offer more flexible and effective instruction-learning methods.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.3129-3133
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• 2012

Diagnosis and treatment procedures in cancers and resulting anxiety negatively affect the individual and the family. Particularly treatment methods may generate psychological symptoms. The aim of this study was to determine the level of such symptoms in Turkish gynecologic cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. A total of 41 patients who were referred to our gynecologic oncology research clinic between January-March 2012, receiving 3 months or more chemotherapy and who agreed to participate were enrolled in study. All the data were collected using a personal information form, Edmonton Symptom Assesment System and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Patients received highest point average from fatigue symptom ($6.53{\pm}2.67$) and lowest point average from dyspnea ($1.53{\pm}3.03$) according to Edmonton Symptom Assesment System. The mean State Anxiety score of patients was $43.1{\pm}9.77$ and mean Trait Anxiety score was $46.7{\pm}7.01$. Comparing symptoms of patients and mean State Anxiety score it was found that there was a statistically significant corelation with symptoms like pain (p<0.05), sadness (p<0.001), insomnia (p<0.05), state of well being (p<0.001) and dyspnea (p<0.05). Similarly comparing symptoms of patients and mean Trait Anxiety score demonstrated significant correlations for fatigue (p<0.05), sadness (p<0.01), insomnia (p<0.01) and state of well-being (p<0.01). As a result, patients with gynecological cancers experienced symptoms related to chemotherapy and a moderate level of anxiety. In accordance, appropriate interventions should recommended for the evaluation and improvement of anxiety and symptoms related to treatment in cancer patients.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.2101-2108
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• 2008

Most of train fires which occur in usual cases do not grow up significantly on a large scale enough to bring about casualties and harmful damages. However, the consequence of some train fire accidents can be devastating disaster so that it would be even recorded in history in unusual cases. Accordingly, such a probability of fire disaster cannot be ignored in aspect of the railway safety assesment. A scale of injury and damage is very difficult to predict and analyze. Because it is depend on various factors, i.e. fire load, burning period, facilities, environment condition, and so on. Thus, a prediction of fire load could be understood as a one methodology to estimate railway safety assesment. The summation method which is one of them is used to evaluate the overall fire load by assuming that sum of heat release rate per unit area or mass of each composite material equals the total. However, since the train fire is classified into a compartment fire in under-ventilation condition. The summation method do not estimate a fire load completely. In this journal, Various methods to predict fire load are introduced and evaluated. Especially the fire simulation tool FDS(Fire Dynamics Simulator)which is based on the CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics) is introduced, too. Through the FDS simulation, numerical analyses for the fire load and flame spread are performed. Then, these results of the simulation are validated through the comparison study with the experimental data. Then, limitations and approximations including in simulation process are discussed. The future direction of research is proposed.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.97-114
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• 1998

This study's purpose is to clarify the growth pattern of Down Syndrome cases -particulary centering on the adolescent growth pattern - and to draw up a standard growth chart on body height and weight which is one estimation of physical growth for the effective caring of their health. I sampled 269 Down syndrome cases (Male 151, Female 118) whose ages ranged from 6 years of age to adulthood and 348 normal control cases (Male 175, Female 173) who were in same age group with Down Syndrome. We also picked 124 Down syndromes cases(Male 70, Female 54) and gathered 8 year longitudinal data on their body height and weight. The results were that, I found Down syndrome cases' height to be short and their weight to be overweight. As far as age at peak height velocity was concerned, boys were at 11-12 years of age and girls were at 10-11 years of age, showing that girls were about one year faster. Peak height velocity was 6.8cm/yr for boys and 5.4cm/yr for girls. The age at peak weight velocity were 12-13 years for age for boys and 10-11 years of age for girls. Peak weight velocity was 5.7kg/yr for boys and 4.3kg/yr for girls. The menarche age of girls with Down syndrome was anticipated to come about 2 years after peak height velocity and peak weight velocity. Finally, we drew up a standard growth chart and compared it with that of the NCHS, which caused us to come to the conclusion that the Standard Growth Chart for Down syndrome cases in Korea that came out of this study was appropriate for the growth-assesment of Down syndrome.