• 제목/요약/키워드: Ascospore

검색결과 54건 처리시간 0.024초

Comparison of Cenangium Dieback Fungus Isolated from Three Different Species of Pine

  • Jung, Joo-Hae;Lee, Sang-Yong;Lee, Jong-Kyu
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제17권4호
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    • pp.216-221
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    • 2001
  • Dieback of pine branches or twigs with brown needles occurs most commonly on Pinus species after severe winter in Korea. In this study, Cenangium ferruginosum was isolated from infected stems, branches, and twigs of Pinus koraiensis (C1), P. densiflora (C2), and P. thunbergii (C3). Morphological and cultural characteristics of the isolates were than compared. There were no significant differences in the morphological characteristics of conidia and ascospores produced by the three isolates. However, cultural differences were observed among the isolates. Optimum temperatures for mycelial growth of C1, C2, and C3 were 15, 20, and $20^{\circ}$, respectively. C1 produced a few conidia and no ascospores, while C2 and C3 produced abundant ascospores and conidia. While optimum temperatures for mycelial growth ranged from 15 to $20^{\circ}$, mycelial growth was also relatively good at lower temperatures of 5-$10^{\circ}$. Conidiomata and conidia were produced on MSA (malt extract soya peptone agar) after 25-30 days of incubation in the dark at $15^{\circ}$. Apothecia were produced by altering culture condition from 15 to $20^{\circ}$, and incubating for 35-60 more days. Optimum temperature for ascospore and conidium germination was $20^{\circ}$. RAPD analysis revealed that there was high similarity of 0.78 between C2 and C3, and low similarity of 0.31 between C2 or C3 and C1.

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Genetic Analysis of Pigmentation in Cordyceps militaris

  • Shrestha, Bhushan;Choi, Sung-Keun;Kim, Ho-Kyoung;Kim, Tae-Woong;Sung, Jae-Mo
    • Mycobiology
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    • 제33권3호
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    • pp.125-130
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    • 2005
  • Pigmentation of ascospore-derived isolates from seven different natural specimens of Cordyceps militaris EFCC C-5888, EFCC C-7159, EFCC C-7833, EFCC C-7991, EFCC C-8021, EFCC C-8023 and EFCC C-8179 was observed on the plates of Sabouraud Dextrose agar plus Yeast Extract at $25^{\circ}C$ under continuous illumination (500 lux). Pigmentation of the wild-type isolates of C. militaris was diverse ranging from yellowish white to orange, while white color was believed as a mutant. Inheritance of pigmentation was found to be controlled by both parental isolates when F1 progeny were analyzed. Pigmentation and mating type were shown to be either independent or distantly linked each other due to the high percentage of non-parental phenotypes among F1 progeny. Crosses between white mutant isolates of C. militaris yielded progeny with wild type pigmentations, indicating that the albino mutations in the parents were unlinked to each other.

Distribution and in vitro Fruiting of Cordyceps militaris in Korea

  • Shrestha, Bhushan;Han, Sang-Kuk;Lee, Won-Ho;Choi, Seong-Keun;Lee, Je-O;Sung, Jae-Mo
    • Mycobiology
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    • 제33권4호
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    • pp.178-181
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    • 2005
  • Cordyceps militaris specimens were continuously collected by Entomopathogenic Fungal Culture Collection (EFCC), Kangwon National University from different mountains, national parks and recreation parks of Korea from 1986 to 2002, mainly from late May to October of each year. Dry specimens of C. militaris along with their isolates have been preserved in EFCC. Fruiting of C. militaris was induced from single ascospore isolates as well as their combinations in brown rice medium. Fruiting experiments showed that combinations of single ascospore isolates produced fertile fruiting bodies, but single isolates could not produce any fruiting bodies. It was shown that two isolates of the opposite mating types were required to produce fertile stromata. However, combinations of the same mating type isolates produced no fruiting body, showing that C. militaris is a bipolar, heterothallic fungus.

Germ Tube Formation of Ascospores of Two Terrestrial Higher Ascomycetes, Hypoxylon mammatum and H. truncatum

  • Lee, Yang-Soo;Han, Sang-Sub;Shin, Jong-Ho;Lee, Young-Mi;Song, Bong-Keun
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • 제28권4호
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    • pp.10-16
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    • 2000
  • Two wood decay ascomycetes fungi identified as Hypoxylon mammatum and H. truncatum were isolated from backyard of Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) in Korea. Hypoxylon truncatum is newly recorded as a wood degrader in Korea. Unusual germination mechanisms of ascospores in H. mammatum and H. truncatum are described and illustrated. The differences between two species were noticed on the process of germ tube formation. In the process of germ tube formation, the fast movement to pigmented ascospores activated from their perispores was termed as spore eclosion that was only found in H. mammatum. This sophisticated recognition mechanism indicated the existence of specific eclosion and germ tube formation due to the composition of cell wall layers and their preferable host derive, based on examined two species under a genus. The observation on present study postulates different composition of wall layers of ascospore and different nutrient composition for germination.

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맥류(麥類) 붉은곰팡이병(病)적미병(赤黴病)의 1차(次) 전염원(傳染源)인 자낭포자(子囊胞子)의 비산(飛散)에 관한 조사(調査) (An Investigation on Ascospore Flight of the Wheat Scab Fungus Caused by Gibberella zeae as a Primary Inoculum)

  • 정봉구;심재섭;성재모;허노열;박인선
    • 한국균학회지
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    • 제10권2호
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    • pp.85-88
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    • 1982
  • 맥류(麥類) 붉은곰팡이병(病)의 제(第)1차(次) 전염원(傳染源)인 자낭포자(子囊胞子)의 비산상황(飛散狀況)을 조사(調査)하여 본병(本病)의 발생(發生)을 사전(事前)에 예찰(豫察)코져 3개(個) 지역(地域)에서 2개년간(個年間) 시험(試驗)하여 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1) 맥류병(麥類病) 예찰포장(豫察圃場)에 회전식(廻轉式) 포자채집기(胞子採集器)를 설치(設置)하여 매일(每日) 자낭포자(子囊胞子)의 비산상황(飛散狀況)을 조사(調査)한 결과(結果) 그 자낭포자(子囊胞子)의 비산(飛散)은 4월(月) 초순(初旬)부터 시작(始作)되며 그 비산(飛散) 포자(胞子)의 수(數)는 지역(地域)에 따라 달라 중부(中部)인 수원(水原)보다 남부(南部) 답리작(畓裏作) 지대(地帶)인 광주(光州) 나주(羅州)에서 많았다. 2) 1979년(年)과 1980년(年) 공(共)히 강우량(降雨量)이 많은 경우(傾遇) 자낭포자(子囊胞子)의 비산수(飛散數)도 많은 경향(傾向)이었다. 3) 맥류(麥類) 붉은곰팡이병(病)의 1차(次) 전염원(傳染源)인 자낭포자(子囊胞子) 비산량(飛散量)과 강우량(降雨量)은 고도(高度)의 정(正)의 상관관계(相關關係)임을 보여주었다. 4) 3개(個) 지역(地域)인 수원(水原) 광주(光州) 나주(羅州)에서의 2년간(年間) 조사결과(調査結果)로 본(本) 병(病)에 대(對)한 과학적(科學的) 예찰(豫察)이 가능(可能)하게 되었으며 이를 전국적(全國的)으로 확대(擴大) 실시(實施)하여 맥류(麥類) 증산(增産)에 기여(寄與)할 것이다.

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신품종 번데기동충하초 『예당 3호』 육성 및 특성 (Characteristics and breeding of a new variety Cordyceps militaris 『Yedang 3』)

  • 최영상;김홍규;이병주;김용균
    • 한국버섯학회지
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    • 제7권4호
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    • pp.182-186
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    • 2009
  • 기존의 번데기동충하초의 자실체 생산은 자연계에서 채집된 버섯의 조직을 분리하거나 다중의 포자를 이용하는 방법이 대표적이었으나 본 연구를 수행한 결과, 단포자를 선발한 후 교배조합에 의한 F1균주를 이용한 배양이 안정적임을 확인 할 수 있었다. 단포자의 특성으로는 자실체의 형성이 양호하며 균주의 안정성이 우수한 균주를 선발하고 조합형성능이 우수한 균주를 선발하여야 한다. 본 연구를 통하여 06S05의 단포자를 획득하였으며 06S05${\times}$06S01, 06S05${\times}$06S33균주를 선발하였으며 06S05${\times}$06S33균주를 예당 3호로 명명하여 국립종 자원에 품종보호 등록되었다.

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Effect of Sodium Chloride (NaCl) on the Mycelial Growth and Ascospore Germination of Rhizina undulata, the Root Rot Fungus of Coniferous Trees

  • Lee, Sun Keun;Lee, Dong Hyeon;Lee, Kyoung-Tae;Park, Yong Bae;Seo, Sang-Tae;Lee, Jong Kyu
    • Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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    • 제31권4호
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    • pp.312-316
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    • 2015
  • Rhizina undulata, the causal agent of Rhizina root rot, is a soil-borne fungus occurring on coniferous trees. The destruction of coastal forests caused by R. undulata infection has been mainly associated with bonfires at camping sites. However, Rhizina root rot was observed in the western coastal forests without fire. It was hypothesized that Rhizina root rot in this area might be closely related to the soil salinity, which can facilitate the growth and survival of R. undulata. So, the variation in sodium chloride (NaCl) resistance among isolates of Rhizina undulata was compared using liquid media containing different concentrations of NaCl ranging from 0 mM to 300 mM. Our results showed that, albeit of no growth at a higher concentration of NaCl (300 mM), most of R. undulata isolates were capable of germinating and grew at up to 100 mM, indicating that NaCl resistance varies among R. undulata isolates. It was further found that isolates from coastal areas seemed to be more tolerant to NaCl than those further away the coast. We demonstrated that R. undulata could be possible to survive in coastal areas, but was lower NaCl tolerance than other fungi.

한국산 번데기동충하초의 RAPD 분석에 의한 종내 그룹의 유전적 유연관계 분석 (Analysis of Genetic Relationship of Cordyceps militaris in Korea by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA)

  • 성재모;김상희;윤철식;성기호;김용욱
    • 한국균학회지
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    • 제27권4호통권91호
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    • pp.256-273
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    • 1999
  • ATCC(American Type Culture Collection)에서 분양 받은 2균주를 포함하여 1989년부터 1995년 사이에 국내 11개 장소에서 채집된 번데기동충하초(Cordyceps militaris) 72균주를 대상으로 기주적 지리적 근연관계에 따른 균주간 변이도를 관찰하고자 균사체의 배양적 특징 및 불완전세대 관찰과 DNA 분석에 의해 분류동정을 행하였다. 균사의 배양특성을 조사한 결과 균사의 자라는 모양, 속도, 색택 등에 있어서 균주간에 차이가 나타남이 관찰되었다. 번데기동충하초의 불완전 세대를 관찰한 결과 분생자경이 분지하며 윤생으로 형성되는 Verticillium속으로 동정되었으며 포자의 모양은 구형을 띠는 것으로 나타나 형태적으로는 각 균주간의 별 다른 차이를 발견할 수 없었다. 공시균주 중 인공자실체 형성이 우수하였던 두 균주(C18, C738)를 선택하여 단포자분리를 행하였으며 여기서 분리된 단포자균주 56균주와 공시균주 72균주를 대상으로 RAPD를 행하였다. RAPD에서 나타난 균주간 변이도를 NTSYS program을 사용하여 UPGMA 분석방법으로 phonogram을 작성한 결과 단포자 균주내의 평균 유전적 거리는 0.207로 나타났으며 단포자 분리를 행하였던 두 균주에 따라 각각 A그룹(C18)과 B그룹(C738)으로 나누어짐이 확인되었다. 두 그룹의 평균 유전적 거리는 각각 0.150(A group)과 0.163(B group)으로 나타났으며 그룹간 평균 유전적 거리는 0.221로 나타났다. 공시균주간에는 크게 그룹으로 나누어지는 경향이 관찰되지 않았으며 이들의 평균 유전적 거리는 0.330으로 나타나 본 실험에서 사용된 번데기동충하초(C. militaris)의 균주 간에는 33%의 유전적 변이가 있음이 확인되었다.고, SF4와 LF4는 처리군 중에 유의적으로 가장 낮은 값을 나타내었다. 총균수와 젖산균수의 변화는 용존 $CO_{2}$함량 변화와 유사한 경향을 나타내었다. SF4, LF4, SF15는 관능검사 결과 발효가 지연되어 풋내와 짠맛이 높게 평가되었고 탄산미는 낮게 평가되었다. LF25는 관능검사 결과 다른 처리군에 비해 신맛과 이취가 유의적으로 높게 평가되었다. $15^{\circ}C$에서 24시간 발효시킨 나박김치 (LF15)와 $25^{\circ}C$에서 12시간 발효시킨 나박김치(SF25)는 탄산미와 관계가 있는 용존 $CO_{2}$함량이 저장 12일까지 지속적으로 증가하였으며, 관능검사 결과 저장 기간 동안 다른 처리군에 비해 풋내와 이취가 적으면서 탄산미가 높게 평가되어 $15^{\circ}C$에서 24시간 발효(LF15)와 $25^{\circ}C$에서 12시간 발효(SF25)가 적합한 초기 발효 조건으로 생각된다. 이러한 연구 결과를 통해 물김치류인 동치미나 열무 물김치도 초기 발효 조건에 따라 이화학적, 미생물학적 및 관능적 특성에 많은 차이가 있을 것이므로 이에 대한 연구가 필요하다고 사료된다.화점에서 시판되고 있는 계란 총 446개에 대해서도 동일한 절차와 방법으로 조사하였던바, 재래시장에서 구입했던 계란의 난각부분(Egg-shell)에서만 가금티푸스(fowl Typhoid)의 병원체인 S. gallinarum이 1주$(0.2\%)$만이 분리되었고, 기타 세균으로서는 대장균군이 역시 난각에서 가장 높은 빈도로 분리되었고, 난황(Yolk)에서는 극히 낮은 수준의 세균오염도를 보였다. 다양한 동물종유래 S. aureus

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Induction of a Mutant, Monascus anka 732Y3 from Monascus anka KFCC 11832 and its Morphological Observations

  • Kim, Jun-Sung;Choi, Kee-Hyun;Choi, Jang-Yoon;Lee, Yoon-Soo;Chang, Young-Youl
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제3권2호
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    • pp.134-138
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    • 1993
  • Monascus anka 732Y3 was induced from Monascus anka KFCC 11832 (IFO 4478, ATCC 16360) by ultra-violet light irradiation. The growth of this new fungus is frequently more dependent on sexual propagation than asexual propagation, compared with that of its parental strain, M. anka KFCC 11832. Less conidia than those of M. anka KFCC 11832 were observed by a microscope. The optical density of the red pigments ($OD_{500}$) produced by M. anka 732Y3 was 157, which was about 10 times higer than that of M. anka KFCC 11832. Such high production of the red pigments by the mutant could be explained by the following observations.

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Isolation, Identification and Characterization of a Antidementia Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor-Producing $Yarrowia$ $lipolytica$ S-3

  • Kang, Min-Gu;Yoon, Min-Ho;Choi, Young-Jun;Lee, Jong-Soo
    • Mycobiology
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    • 제40권1호
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    • pp.42-46
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    • 2012
  • This report describes the isolation and identification of a potent acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor-producing yeasts. Of 731 species of yeast strain, the S-3 strain was selected as a potent producer of AChE inhibitor. The selected S-3 strain was investigated for its microbiological characteristics. The S-3 strain was found to be short-oval yeast that did not form an ascospore. The strain formed a pseudomycelium and grew in yeast malt medium containing 50% glucose and 10% ethanol. Finally, the S-3 strain was identified by its physiological characteristics and 26S ribosomal DNA sequences as $Yarrowia$ $lipolytica$ S-3.