• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.65-73
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• 2002

2.25Cr-1M 강이 $540^{\circ}C$에서 장시간 노출되었을 때 일어나는 미세조직 변화를 모사하기 위해 인공 열화를 실시하였으며 이에 대해 미세조직(탄환화물의 평균등가크기 및 단위면 개수), 기계적 성질 (인장강도 및 경도), 자기적 성질(보자력 및 잔류자화)을 측정하였다. 이들 결과를 비교함으로써 열화에 따른 자기적 성질의 변화와 미세조직 사이의 상관관계률 규명하였다. 탄화물을 그 형장에 따라 막대상, 구상, 침상으로 분류하였으며 침상의 탄화물은 열화 초반부에 급격히 소멸되는 경향을 보였다. 또한 보자력과 잔류자화는 열화 초반부에 급격히 감소한 후 점차 완만히 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 기계적 성질과 보자력 및 잔류자화 사이에는 선형적 상관관계가 존재하였다.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.110-117
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• 2001

Artificial aging was performed to simulate the microstructural degradation in 2.25CrMo steel arising from long time exposure at $540^{\circ}C$. It was found that the carbides became coarser and spheroidized as aging time increased. An attempt was made to evaluate the microstructural degradation in artificially aging heat treated 2.25CrMo steel by the ultrasonic attenuation and velocity measurements. Ultrasonic velocity was found essentially insensitive to the microstructural changes resulting from aging heat treatment. However, the ultrasonic attenuation was observed to increase with increasing aging time. Also, it was noticed that the change of ultrasonic attenuation with aging time was more sensitive at high frequency regions.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.70-75
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• 2002

The depletion of solid solution elements from matrix and the change of carbides during artificial aging of 2.25CrMo steel at $630^{\circ}C$ were investigated. The Mo and Cr elements were found to be depleted drastically in the early stage of aging. The change of carbides was confirmed by analyzing the XRD patterns of electrolytically extracted carbides. Four type of carbides, $M_{23}C_6$, $M_3C$, $M_2C$ and $M_6C$, were found to exist in the specimen before aging. The amount of $M_6C$ carbides increased with aging time, while that of $M_3C$ carbides diminished after short aging time.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.56-63
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• 2007

The purpose of this research was to identify causes of damage of wax-treated volume of "The Annals of the Joseon Dynasty". As one of the efficient restoration methods, analyses of damaged state of reproduced wax-treated paper through tests of degradation of wax-treated paper under an artificial setting were performed, and in particular, differences between lightness and acidity were observed. On the whole, it was confirmed that yellow wax-treated papers were more stable than white wax-treated papers against artificial aging treatment, which is thought to be because the white wax-treated paper was more affected by a variety of substances interacting with paper than yellow wax-treated paper under artificially aged conditions, which were added in the course of refinement and processing operation such as decolorization and deodorization.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.210-216
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• 2023

In this study, machine learning models are proposed to predict the Vickers hardness of AlSi10Mg alloys fabricated by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). A total of 113 utilizable datasets were collected from the literature. The hyperparameters of the machine-learning models were adjusted to select an accurate predictive model. The random forest regression (RFR) model showed the best performance compared to support vector regression, artificial neural networks, and k-nearest neighbors. The variable importance and prediction mechanisms of the RFR were discussed by Shapley additive explanation (SHAP). Aging time had the greatest influence on the Vickers hardness, followed by solution time, solution temperature, layer thickness, scan speed, power, aging temperature, average particle size, and hatching distance. Detailed prediction mechanisms for RFR are analyzed using SHAP dependence plots.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.72-79
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• 2012

In this study, to understand the aging factor and mechanism in different partitions of the beeswax-treated volumes, the duplicated beeswax-treated volume was artificially aged at $80^{\circ}C$ of temperature and 65% of relative humidity and then a physical and optical properties of an aged volumes was analyzed. Also, the degraded components of the beeswax samples isolated from different partitions of aged volumes was measured using a gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS). In results, the surface of beeswax-treated volume which is primarily affected by a main aging factors such as light, oxygen, moisture was more deteriorated than the inside of that volume. However, unlike inside of the book volume which was made from paper, the inside of beeswax-treated volume wax was also considerably deteriorated. The inside of the beeswax-treated volume is largely unaffected by the oxygen and humidity during aging due to the water repellency and the air permeation resistance of beeswax. Therefore, it is confirmed that aging factors and mechanisms in the inside of the volume are different from thats of the outside of the volume. This fact was also verified by the results of GC/MS analysis of an beeswax samples which was sampled from different partitions of aged volumes. As result as GC/MS analysis of the beeswax extracted from the outside of the aged volume, the low molecular compounds with a carbon length of $C_9-C_{20}$ (fatty acid, etc) were increased and the compounds with a carbon length of above $C_{34}$ (ester, etc) were also increased. But the compounds with a chain length of $C_{21}-C_{36}$ (hydrocarbon, alcohol, etc) were decreased. In case of the aged beeswax of inside, the low molecular compounds with a carbon length of $C_9-C_{20}$ (fatty acid, etc) and the compounds with a chain length of $C_{21}-C_{36}$ (hydrocarbon, alcohol, etc) were increased. While, the compounds with a carbon length of above $C_{34}$ (ester, etc) were decreased.

• 기술사
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.54-57
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• 2010

The status of near future in IT era is described. Aging, Woman power, Home alone, Glovalization and Rapid growth of technology are characterised in these category. Specialy nano bio technology and Robotics would be contributed in progress of medical sector. It could assist anti-aging. The efficiency of computer rapidly grow by artificial intelligence. Dr.Toffler who is the futurist said that the key word passing through the 21st century as the definition of a human being might be changed.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.308-314
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• 2018

PURPOSE. Plasma activation of hydrophobic zirconia surfaces might be suitable to improve the bond strength of luting materials. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of nonthermal argon-plasma on the shear bond strength (SBS) between zirconia and different combinations of 10-MDP adhesive systems and luting composites after artificial aging. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Two hundred forty Y-TZP specimens were ground automatically with $165{\mu}m$ grit and water cooling. Half of the specimens received surface activation with nonthermal argon-plasma. The specimens were evenly distributed into three groups according to the adhesive systems ([Futurabond U, Futurabond M, Futurabond M + DCA], VOCO GmbH, Germany, Cuxhaven) and into further two subgroups according to the luting materials ([Bifix SE, Bifix QM], VOCO GmbH). Each specimen underwent artificial aging by thermocycling and water storage. SBS was measured in a universal testing machine. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and $Scheff{\grave{e}}$ procedure with the level of significance set to 0.05. RESULTS. Surface activation with nonthermal plasma did not improve the bond strength between zirconia and the tested combinations of adhesive systems and luting materials. The plasma-activation trended to reveal higher bond strength if the self-etch luting material (Bifix SE) was used, irrespective of the adhesive system. CONCLUSION. Plasma-activation seems to be suitable to improve bond strength between zirconia and self-etch resin materials. However, further research is necessary to identify the influence of varying plasma-parameters.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.785-808
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• 2016

단기간의 인공열화와 옥외폭로의 두 시험조건에 따라 나타나는 목조문화재용 방염제 성능 차이를 비교하여 인공열화시험에 대한 신뢰성을 평가하고자 하였다. 주사전자현미경 분석결과, 목재 표면에 방염제의 용융으로 인해 생성된 탄화물이 층을 형성함으로써 연소를 지연시키는 작용이 일어나는 것을 확인하였다. 2주간의 인공열화 및 6개월간의 옥외폭로 시험처리를 마친 방염처리 된 단청시편에 대해 열방출률(HRR) 및 총열방출량(THR)을 측정한 결과, 열화 전 후의 방염 성능의 변화가 거의 나타나지 않았다. 실험결과 6개월간의 옥외폭로 시편과 2주간의 인공열화(6개월의 옥외폭로에 해당한다고 추정한 조건) 시편에서 근사한 연소실험 결과 값을 얻을 수 있었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.467-471
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• 2015

최근까지, 전자제품에 사용되는 솔더는 납성분이 남아 있으며, 전자부품 및 시스템의 무연 (Pb-free) 솔더에 대한 관심은 반도체 및 전자산업에서 증가하고 있다. 본 논문에서 사용된 솔더접합부는 Sn-37Pb, Sn-4Ag 및 Sn-4Ag-0.5Cu/Ni 기판 이다. 인공시효처리는 $150^{\circ}C$에서 각각 0hr, 100hr, 200hr, 400hr, 600hr 그리고 1000hr 동안 수행되었으며, SP 시험을 이용해 $30^{\circ}C$와 $50^{\circ}C$에서 접합강도를 평가했다. 전단강도는 인공시효시간과 온도가 증가함에 따라 전반적으로 감소하였다. 무연솔더는 Sn-37Pb 보다 총파괴 에너지가 높았으며, Sn-4Ag-0.5Cu/Ni 접합부는 고온에서 기계적 물성치가 가장 우수하였다.