• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.32 no.5
• /
• pp.43-51
• /
• 2004

Recently, the importance of choosing correct pavement materials has been increasing in urban spaces and streets. Much research regarding the pavement theory and construction method have been conducted, but analysis in terms of human psychological character has not yet been performed. The purpose of this study is to investigate the psychological characters to 12 pavement materials, that are commonly used in our urban spaces and streets. The results of the psychological character for each pavement material can be summarized as follows: 1. The psychological characters to each pavement material were as follows: ① Clay embodies a natural, traditional, soft and intimate psychological character; ② Pebble stone has a natural, hard, cool and intimate psychological character; ③ Turf grass incorporates an intimate and soft psychological character; ④ Ceramic brick has an artificial and hard psychological character; ⑤ Tile pavement has a modern, artificial, hard and cool psychological character; ⑥ Water permeable concrete has a modern and artificial psychological character; ⑦ Flag stone has a natural psychological character; ⑧ Granite has a modern and artificial psychological character; ⑨ Portland concrete has an artificial and hard psychological character; ⑩ Small compacted brick has an artificial, dynamic and modern psychological character; ⑪ Wood block pavement has a natural and traditional psychological character; ⑫ Asphalt concrete pavement has a modern, hard and artificial character. 2. On the results of the cluster analysis regarding psychological indexes for 12 pavement materials, pavement materials were categorized in 3 clusters. Among them, one cluster was mainly used as the most popular pavement material in our urban spaces and streets. From this point of view, psychological character for pavement material in our urban spaces and streets was not as various as we expected. 3. In conclusion, the proper selection of pavement materials was very important and the factors affecting the human psychological character should be considered in the design of urban spaces and streets.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• v.39 no.2
• /
• pp.163-172
• /
• 2017

A high performance license plate recognition system (LPRS) is proposed in this work. The proposed LPRS is composed of the following three main stages: (i) plate region determination, (ii) character segmentation, and (iii) character recognition. During the plate region determination stage, the image is enhanced by image processing algorithms to increase system performance. The rectangular license plate region is obtained using edge-based image processing methods on the binarized image. With the help of skew correction, the plate region is prepared for the character segmentation stage. Characters are separated from each other using vertical projections on the plate region. Segmented characters are prepared for the character recognition stage by a thinning process. At the character recognition stage, a three-layer feedforward artificial neural network using a backpropagation learning algorithm is constructed and the characters are determined.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
• /
• 2003.09a
• /
• pp.698-701
• /
• 2003

In recent years, various digital characters, which are automatic and intelligent, are attempted with the introduction of artificial intelligence or artificial life. Since the style of a character's behavior is usually designed by a developer, the style is very static and simple. So such a simple pattern of the character cannot satisfy various users and easily makes them feel tedious. A game should maintain various and complex styles of a character's behavior, but it is very difficult for a developer to design various and complex behaviors of it. In this paper, we adopt the genetic algorithm to produce various and excellent behavior-styles of a character especially focusing on Robocode which is one of promising simulators for artificial intelligence.

• Smart Media Journal
• /
• v.2 no.4
• /
• pp.20-26
• /
• 2013

This paper presents an approach to Mongolian car plate recognition using artificial neural network. Our proposed method consists of two steps: detection and recognition. In detection step, we implement Flood fill algorithm. In recognition step we proceed to segment the plate for each Cyrillic character, and use an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) machine - learning algorithm to recognize the character. We have learned the theory of ANN and implemented it without using any library. A total of 150 vehicles images obtained from community entrance gates have been tested. The recognition algorithm shows an accuracy rate of 89.75%.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.483-494
• /
• 2011

This paper purposes to develop an artificial emotion reflecting emotional features contains situations, time, and characteristics, also to develop an interactive character having this artificial emotion with a smart phone. The artificial emotion has an Emotion Module and Drive Module for expressing emotion according to external emotional stimulus and internal drive. The Emotion Module administrates emotions according to time, characteristic, interrelation between different emotions. The Drive Module controls sensitivities of emotion according to changing drives over long time. Also due to defence mechanism for expressing emotions, emotions are processed by two pathways: The first pathway which is affected by the Emotion Module and the Drive Module, and the second pathway that is not to be done. We developed an interactive character having the artificial emotion with this structure using smart phone. And we simulated the artificial emotion what differences there are according to situations, characteristic, and time under same input conditions. The result of this paper has meanings developing the interactive character having the artificial emotion actually, and making it possible to personalize an artificial emotion with expressing the artificial emotion using smart phone.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.55-63
• /
• 2008

I Previous scrolling-shooter games cannot represent various emotions of characters as a personality and situations, so it can only represent simple and momentary emotions. This paper purpose to develop and applying an artificial emotion which gives emotional responses and actions to character as a personality and situations of a character. So we proposed an artificial emotion that receives emotional stimulus, analyzes what emotion will be generated, controls various emotions by a personality and time, and exports a current emotion. To visualize and to test an artificial emotion, We made a scrolling shooter game which has two characters who have a different personality each other. And we applied an artificial emotion to that game, modified it to be able to change status as emotions. To estimate a satisfaction of a artificial emotion for a scrolling-shooter game, we made up a question to two groups-one has people who likes a scrolling shooter game, the other has people who doesn't.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.239-248
• /
• 2012

This paper looks to extract personality traits from the drama characters within a drama script, and to apply it them to a character that has an artificial emotion. The method of applying the personality of a character from a drama script is as follows. First, we separate a drama script into several pieces, by the characters therin. Next, we extract emotion-related terms by matching morphemes analysis and by using an emotion terms database. Next, we analyze a dominant emotion using extracted emotion terms. Finally last, we apply the analyzed dominant emotion to an equation pertaining to artificial emotion. We made progress in developing user evaluation that features blind testing, to verify that the artificial emotion character bears the personality of a drama character. We apply three drama character personalities to artificial emotion characters bearing the same appearance. The user had to match three artificial emotion characters and drama characters according to personality. The users had a high percentage of correct answers, thus confirming the efficacy of our method of applying a personality, using information from a drama script.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.259-265
• /
• 2006

Learning and emotions are very important parts to implement intelligent robots. In this paper, we implement intelligent virtual character based on reinforcement learning which interacts with user and have internal emotion model. Virtual character acts autonomously in 3D virtual environment by internal state. And user can learn virtual character specific behaviors by repeated directions. Mouse gesture is used to perceive such directions based on artificial neural network. Emotion-Mood-Personality model is proposed to express emotions. And we examine the change of emotion and learning behaviors when virtual character interact with user.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
• /
• v.34 no.4
• /
• pp.378-385
• /
• 1998

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2000.10a
• /
• pp.297-297
• /
• 2000

This paper proposed character recognition method by using DB Matching and Artificial Neural Network at the Gerber files. Gerber files are file for make PCB. But we also use the file to a program of extraction PCB position data. If the Gerber file recognized a character, the extraction PCB position data will be faster and also when the recognition rate is high, it can be possible to automatic extraction. We apply to the construction PCB Gerber file program and Simulation results are presented to verify the usefulness of the method.