• 제목/요약/키워드: Arterial pulse wave

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건강한 성인에서 가속도계로 측정한 신체활동과 맥파전달속도 및 상완-발목 간 혈압비에 기반한 동맥경화지표와의 관계 (Association between physical activity measured using an accelerometer and arterial stiffness based on pulse wave velocity and ankle-brachial index in healthy adults)

  • 이현주;박계월;전하연;곽지연;김은경
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • 제55권4호
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    • pp.506-520
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    • 2022
  • 본 연구에서는 심혈관 질환의 위험 인자인 고혈압, 이상지질혈증 및 당뇨병이 없는 건강한 성인 남·녀를 대상으로 3축 가속도계를 이용하여 일주일간의 평소 신체활동량을 평가하고 동맥경화지표와의 연관성을 알아보고자 하였다. 가속도계를 이용한 신체활동 측정 결과, WHO 신체활동지침 준수율은 29.9%, 좌식 행동에 소비한 시간은 531.1 min/day, 저강도 활동에 소비한 시간은 281.4 min/day, 중·고강도 활동에 소비한 시간은 36.2 min/day 이였다. 활동 수준이 다른 두 군의 신체활동을 비교한 결과, CPM, 중·고강도 활동에 소비한 시간, 중·고강도 활동을 10분 이상 지속한 횟수 및 시간은 활동군이 비활동군에 비해 유의하게 높았다. 좌식 행동에 소비한 시간은 활동군이 비활동군에 비해 유의하게 낮은 반면 좌식 행동 패턴 및 baPWV와 ABI는 두 군 간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 그러나 여자에서는 좌식 행동을 60분 이상 지속하는 횟수와 baPWV 간에 양의 상관관계가 나타났으며 좌식 행동을 50분 이상 지속하는 횟수와 ABI 간에 음의 상관관계를 보였고, 저강도 활동에 소비한 시간과 ABI 간에는 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 이는 좌식 행동을 50분 이상 지속하는 횟수가 많을수록 동맥경화 및 말초 동맥질환의 위험이 높고 저강도 활동에 소비한 시간이 많을수록 말초동맥질환의 위험이 낮음을 보여주었다. 향후 동맥경화 예방을 위한 지침 마련을 위해 다양한 연령대의 건강한 성인을 대상으로 신체활동과 함께 식품 및 영양섭취 현황, 식사 패턴, 음주 행태 등 동맥경화와 관련된 요인들이 포함된 연구의 필요성을 제안하는 바이다.

Reproducibility of Regional Pulse Wave Velocity in Healthy Subjects

  • Im Jae-Joong;Lee, Nak-Bum;Rhee Moo-Yong;Na Sang-Hun;Kim, Young-Kwon;Lee, Myoung-Mook;Cockcroft John R.
    • International Journal of Vascular Biomedical Engineering
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    • 제4권2호
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    • pp.19-24
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    • 2006
  • Background: Pulse wave velocity (PWV), which is inversely related to the distensibility of an arterial wall, offers a simple and potentially useful approach for an evaluation of cardiovascular diseases. In spite of the clinical importance and widespread use of PWV, there exist no standard either for pulse sensors or for system requirements for accurate pulse wave measurement. Objective of this study was to assess the reproducibility of PWV values using a newly developed PWV measurement system in healthy subjects prior to a large-scale clinical study. Methods: System used for the study was the PP-1000 (Hanbyul Meditech Co., Korea), which provides regional PWV values based on the measurements of electrocardiography (ECG), phonocardiography (PCG), and pulse waves from four different sites of arteries (carotid, femoral, radial, and dorsalis pedis) simultaneously. Seventeen healthy male subjects with a mean age of 33 years (ranges 22 to 52 years) without any cardiovascular disease were participated for the experiment. Two observers (observer A and B) performed two consecutive measurements from the same subject in a random order. For an evaluation of system reproducibility, two analyses (within-observer and between-observer) were performed, and expressed in terms of mean difference ${\pm}2SD$, as described by Bland and Altman plots. Results: Mean and SD of PWVs for aorta, arm, and leg were $7.07{\pm}1.48m/sec,\;8.43{\pm}1.14m/sec,\;and\;8.09{\pm}0.98m/sec$ measured from observer A and $6.76{\pm}1.00m/sec,\;7.97{\pm}0.80m/sec,\;and\;\7.97{\pm}0.72m/sec$ from observer B, respectively. Between-observer differences ($mean{\pm}2SD$) for aorta, arm, and leg were $0.14{\pm\}0.62m/sec,\;0.18{\pm\}0.84m/sec,\;and\;0.07{\pm}0.86m/sec$, and the correlation coefficients were high especially 0.93 for aortic PWV. Within-observer differences ($mean{\pm}2SD$) for aorta, arm, and leg were $0.01{\pm}0.26m/sec,\;0.02{\pm}0.26m/sec,\;and\;0.08{\pm}0.32m/sec$ from observer A and $0.01{\pm}0.24m/sec,\;0.04{\pm}0.28m/sec,\;and\;0.01{\pm}0.20m/sec$ from observer B, respectively. All the measurements showed significantly high correlation coefficients ranges from 0.94 to 0.99. Conclusion: PWV measurement system used for the study offers comfortable and simple operation and provides accurate analysis results with high reproducibility. Since the reproducibility of the measurement is critical for the diagnosis in clinical use, it is necessary to provide an accurate algorithm for the detection of additional features such as flow wave, reflection wave, and dicrotic notch from a pulse waveform. This study will be extended for the comparison of PWV values from patients with various vascular risks for clinical application. Data acquired from the study could be used for the determination of the appropriate sample size for further studies relating various types of arteriosclerosis-related vascular disease.

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The Association of Body Fat and Arterial Stiffness Using the Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity

  • Kim, Gyu Lee;Hwang, Hye Rim;Kim, Yun Jin;Lee, Sang Yeoup;Lee, Jeong Gyu;Jeong, Dong Wook;Yi, Yu Hyeon;Tak, Young Jin;Lee, Seung Hun;Park, A Rum
    • 가정의학회지
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    • 제39권6호
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    • pp.347-354
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    • 2018
  • Background: BMI alone may not serve as an index of obesity because it does not reflect body composition. The present study aimed to compare arterial stiffness as assessed by the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (ba-PWV) among groups defined by body fat percentage (pBF) and BMI. Methods: This cross-sectional study was based on 1,700 participants (1,044 men and 656 women) who completed a health screening examination at a national hospital between January 2011 and February 2016. Participants were divided into four groups according to BMI and pBF: normal fat and normal weight (NFNW); excessive fat and normal weight (EFNW); normal fat and obese (NFO); and excessive fat and obese (EFO). The ba-PWV and other cardiometabolic factors were compared among the four groups in men and women separately. Results: For both sexes, the NFNW group had a lower metabolic risk compared to that in the other groups (EFNW, NFO, and EFO). After adjusting for multiple variables, the NFO males had a significantly lower ba-PWV compared to those in the other groups, including NFNW males. The NFO group had significantly more skeletal muscle mass and muscle mass compared the other groups (P<0.05). Among women, the NFNW group had a significantly lower ba-PWV compared the other groups, even after adjusting for multiple variables. Conclusion: Lower pBF in obese men may be associated with improved cardiovascular risk.

Effects of Acupuncture Stimulation on the Radial artery's Pressure Pulse Wave in Healthy Young Participants: Protocol for a prospective, single-Arm, Exploratory, Clinical Study

  • Shin, Jae-Young;Ku, Boncho;Kim, Tae-Hun;Bae, Jang Han;Jun, Min-Ho;Lee, Jun-Hwan;Kim, Jaeuk U.
    • 대한약침학회지
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    • 제19권3호
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    • pp.197-206
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    • 2016
  • Introduction: This study aims to investigate the effects of acupuncture stimulation on the radial artery's pressure pulse wave, along with various hemodynamic parameters, and to explore the possible underlying mechanism of pulse diagnosis in healthy participants in their twenties. Methods and analysis: This study is a prospective, single-arm, exploratory clinical study. A total of 25 healthy participants, without regard to gender, in their twenties will be recruited by physicians. Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants. The participants will receive acupuncture once at ST36 on both sides. The radial arterial pulse waves will be measured on the left arm of the subjects by using an applicable pulse tonometric device (KIOM-PAS). On the right arm (appearing twice), electrocardiogram (ECG), photoplethysmogram (PPG), respiration and cardiac output (CO) signals, will be measured using a physiological data acquisition system (Biopac module), while the velocity of blood flow, and the diameter and the depth of the blood vessel will be measured using an ultrasonogram machine on the right arm (appearing twice). All measurements will be conducted before, during, and after acupuncture. The primary outcome will be the spectral energy at high frequencies above 10 Hz ($SE_{10-30Hz}$) calculated from the KIOM-PAS device signal. Secondary outcomes will be various variables obtained from the KIOM-PAS device, ECG, PPG, impedance cardiography modules, and an ultrasonogram machine. Discussion: The results of this trial will provide information regarding the physiological and the hemodynamic mechanisms underlying acupuncture stimulation and clinical evidence for the influence of acupuncture on the pressure pulse wave in the radial artery. Ethics and dissemination: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Kyung Hee University's Oriental Medical Center, Seoul, Korea (KOMCIRB-150818-HR-030). The study findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at national and international conferences. Trial registration number: This trial was registered with the Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS) at the Korea National Institute of Health (NIH), Republic of Korea (KCT0001663), which is a registry in the World Health Organization's (WHO's) Registry Network.

Determinant of Arterial Stiffness in Young Adults

  • Jo Yoon-Kyung;Jeon Justin Y.;Kim Eun-Sung;Jekal Youn-Suk;Eom Yong-Bin;Im Jee-Aee
    • 대한의생명과학회지
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    • 제12권3호
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    • pp.191-196
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    • 2006
  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors may be acting several decades before CVD becomes manifest. Data from young subjects may be valuable in further elucidating at this issue. We evaluated the association between baPWV (brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity) and cardiovascular risk factors in apparently healthy young adults. A total of 46 male and 91 female adolescents aged $18{\sim}25 years$ were studied. baPWV increased in a dose-responsive manner as the number of metabolic syndrome components. In both gender groups, baPWV was positively correlated with age. In males, waist, circumference total cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol were positively correlated with baPWV, and in females, blood pressure (BP) was positively correlated with baPWV. Age, gender, mean BP, and Homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were found to be independent factors associated with baPWV levels. In conclusion, mean BP, age, gender, and HOMA-IR were associated with baPWV in young adults. This result suggests that multiple cardiovascular risk factors may be associated with an increased risk of arterial stiffness in young adults.

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흡연습관이 성인 남성의 건강관련체력 및 동맥경직도에 미치는 영향 (Responses of Health Physical Fitness and Arterial Stiffness through Cigarette Smoking)

  • 정민경;박은경;유재현
    • 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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    • 제13권2호
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    • pp.197-205
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    • 2019
  • 최근 몇 년간 흡연율이 감소했지만, 흡연은 여전히 전 세계적으로 조기사망과 건강상의 문제를 일으키는 주요 요인 중 하나이다. 장기간의 흡연은 대동맥의 경직도를 증가시키는데, 혈관이 경직되면 심장에서 발생한 전진 맥파와 말초에서 심장으로 돌아오는 반사파의 속도가 빨라져서 반사파가 중심동맥에 일찍 도착하여 중심동맥의 수축기 맥압이 증가하게 되고 수축기 혈압이 상승하게 된다. 본 연구는 남성 흡연자와 비흡연자를 대상으로 심폐기능을 포함한 건강관련체력과 동맥경직도를 반영하는 파형증대지수와 맥파전달속도의 차이를 검증하고, 흡연자의 운동전 흡연습관에 따른 심폐기능과 동맥경직도에 미치는 반응을 비교하기 위하여 시행되었다. 연구 대상은 심폐질환이 없는 만 20세 이상 29세 이하 남성으로, 만 5년 이상 흡연한 흡연자 12명과 흡연 경험이 없는 비흡연자 12명으로 총 24명을 대상으로 하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때, 젊은 성인들의 흡연습관은 동맥의 경직도를 예측할 수 있는 파형증가 지수와 맥파전달속도에는 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 운동 참여 전 흡연에 따른 혈역학 반응과 동맥경직도에서도 두 집단 간 유의한 차이를 나타내지는 않았다. 하지만 생존율의 예언지표인 최대 산소섭취량은 흡연자가 비흡연자에 비해 유의하게 낮게 나타났다. 이는 흡연습관이 혈관의 노화가 일어나지 않은 젊은 성인에게는 동맥 경직도의 변화를 일으킬 만큼 영향을 주지는 않지만 인체의 산소 운반능력을 감소시켜 심폐기능의 저하가 진행되고 있음을 의미하는 것으로 판단된다.

Age at Menarche and Brachial-ankle Pulse Wave Velocity in Women with Metabolic Syndrome

  • Jo, Yoon-Kyung;Im, Jee-Aee
    • 대한의생명과학회지
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    • 제15권1호
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    • pp.9-15
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    • 2009
  • Early age at menarche, which is indicator of early biological maturity, has been shown to be associated with increased adult body mass index. Early menarche has also been associated with many cardiovascular disease risk factors and metabolic syndrome. To evaluate the impact of menarche to cardiovascular risk factor, we assessed by age at menarche, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), which represents arterial stiffness, in women with or without metabolic syndrome. The subjects recruited for this study were three hundred one women. Relatively early menarche and relatively late menarche were classified according to less than $50^{th}$ percentile for relatively early menarche, and great than the $50^{th}$ percentile for relatively late menarche. Subject were divided four group, 1) women who had not adulthood metabolic syndrome and relatively early menarche, 2) women who had not adulthood metabolic syndrome and relatively late menarche, 3) women who had adulthood metabolic syndrome and relatively early menarche, 4) women who had adulthood metabolic syndrome and relatively late menarche. Women who had a relatively early menarche with adulthood metabolic syndrome had significantly high levels of blood pressure, triglyceride, fasting insulin and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels than women with late menarche with adulthood metabolic syndrome, and had significantly lower HDL-cholesterol levels. And also, women who underwent a relatively early menarche with metabolic syndrome had highest level of baPWV in adult. In this study we found effect of age at menarche on adulthood metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease (e.g., baPWV, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia) in Korean women.

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맥파전달속도를 이용한 내중막 두께 추정에 관한 연구 (A Study on Estimation of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness(IMT) using Pulse Wave Velocity(PWV))

  • 송상하;장승진;김원식;이현숙;윤영로
    • 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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    • 제30권5호
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    • pp.401-411
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    • 2009
  • In this paper, we correct pulse wave velocity(PWV) with heart-rate and derive regression equations to estimate intima-media thickness(IMT). Widely used methods for diagnosis of arteriosclerosis are IMT and PWV. Arterial wall stiffness determines the degree of energy absorbed by the elastic aorta and its recoil in diastole but there is not correlation between sclerosis and IMT in an existing study. In this study, we will correct PWV with heart-rate and get regression equation to estimate IMT using heart-rate correction index(HCI). We executed experiments for this study. Made up question of physical condition and measured electrocardiogram(ECG), photoplethysmogram (PPG) of finger-tip and toe-tip and ultrasound image of carotid artery. Calculated PWV and IMT using ECG, PPG and ultrasound image. We found that every p-value between PWV and IMT is not significant(<0.05). But p-value between IMT and HCI which is a corrected PWV using heart-rate is significant(>0.01). We use HCI and various measured parameter for estimating regression equation and apply backward estimation to select parameters for regression analysis. Result of backward estimation, found that only HCI is possible to derive proper regression equation of IMT. Relationship between PWV and IMT is the second order. Result of regression equation of E-H PWV is $R^2$=0.735, adj $R^2$=0.711. This is the best correlation value. We calculate error of its analysis for verification of earlobe PWV regression equation. Its result is RMSEP=0.0328, MAPE(%) = 4.7622. Like this regression analysis, we know that HCI is useful parameter and relationship between PWV, HCI and IMT. In addition, we are able to suggest possibility which is that we can get different parameter of prediction throughout just one measurement.

동맥경화 진단을 위한 맥파전달속도 측정시스템 개발 및 재현성 평가 (Development of a Pulse Wave Velocity Measurement System and Assessment of the System Reproducibility for the Diagnosis of Arteriosclerosis)

  • 이낙범;임재중;박영배;전영주
    • 대한한의진단학회지
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    • 제9권1호
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    • pp.112-124
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    • 2005
  • Background: PWV is determined by dividing the distance by the time taken for the pulses traveling between two measuring sites, used as a marker of arterial stiffness and an important indicator for cardiovascular disease. Methods: A PWV measurement system, which offers a non-invasive, simple method of measurement, and simultaneous recording of six signlas(ECG, PCG and four pulse waves from carotid, femoral, radial and dorsalis pedis arteries) was developed. Seventeen healthy subjects with a mean age of 33 years(22 to 52) without any cardiovascular disease were participated for the experiment. Two observers(A and B) performed two consecutive measurements from the same subject in a random order. For the evaluation of stability and accuracy of the PWV measurement system, reproducibility of PWV from between-observer were also evaluated. Results: PWV $values(Mean{\pm}SD)$ measured by A were $7.07{\pm}1.48m/s$, $8.43{\pm}1.14m/s$ , $8.09{\pm}0.98m/s$ for aorta, arm, and leg, respectively. The values obtained from B were $6.76{\pm}1.00m/s$, $7.97{\pm}0.80m/s$, and $7.97{\pm}0.72m/s$ for aorta, arm, and leg, respectively. Between-observer $differences(mean{\pm}SEM)$ from the aorta, arm and leg were $0.14{\pm}0.15m/s$, $0.18{\pm}0.10m/s$ and $0.07{\pm}0.10m/s$. Reproducibility coefficients(2SD) from the aorta, arm, and leg were 0.62m/s, 0.84m/s and 0.86m/s. Correlation coefficients were significantly higher in aortic PWV, 0.93, compared to the coefficients for arm and leg. Coefficient of variance which reflects the reproducibility of the system ranged from $4.4{\sim}5.8%$ in all regional PWV. , Conclusion: Reproducibility of PWV in the study shows that the developed system has reliable and reproducible characteristics. The PWV measurement system used for the study offers comfortable and simple operation and provides accurate analysis and results with high reproducibility. Results of the PWV measurement system could contribute to various clinical applications in the future.

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The fruit of Acanthopanax senticosus Harms improves arterial stiffness and blood pressure: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial

  • Oh, Eunkyoung;Kim, Youjin;Park, Soo-yeon;Lim, Yeni;Shin, Ji-yoon;Kim, Ji Yeon;Kim, Ji-Hyun;Rhee, Moo-Yong;Kwon, Oran
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • 제14권4호
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    • pp.322-333
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    • 2020
  • BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction are 2 of the independent predictors for cardiovascular disease, while Acanthopanax senticosus Harms (ASH) is a traditional medicinal plant that can improve cardiovascular health. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of the fruit of ASH on vascular function in apparently healthy subjects. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design, consisting of healthy adults with at least 2 of the following 3 conditions: borderline high blood pressure (BP; 120 mmHg ≤ systolic BP ≤ 160 mmHg or 80 mmHg ≤ diastolic BP ≤ 100 mmHg), smoking (≥10 cigarettes/day), and borderline blood lipid levels (220 ≤ total cholesterol ≤ 240, 130 ≤ low density lipoprotein cholesterol ≤ 165, or 150 ≤ triglyceride ≤ 220 mg/dL). Randomly assigned 76 subjects who received a placebo or 2 doses of ASH fruit (low, 500 mg/day; high, 1,000 mg/day) completed the intervention. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), flow-mediated dilation, carotid intima-media thickness, and BP were measured both at baseline and following the 12-week intervention. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation was assessed by western blotting. RESULTS: Compared with the placebo group, the low-dose group showed more significant changes after the 12-week intervention period in terms of systolic BP (0.1 vs. -7.7 mmHg; P = 0.044), baPWV (31.3 vs. -98.7 cm/s; P = 0.007), and the ratio of phospho-eNOS/eNOS (0.8 vs. 1.22; P = 0.037). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that ASH fruit extract at 500 mg/day has the potential to improve BP and arterial stiffness via endothelial eNOS activation in healthy adults with smoking and the tendency of having elevated BP or blood lipid parameters.