• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.410-418
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was done to examine the effects of Aroma inhalation therapy on test anxiety, stress and serum cortisol in nursing students. Methods: The study design was a pre posttest randomized design with a pre-survey, a 5-day experimental treatment (2012.11.17-21) and a post survey. Participants were 65 students - 31 in the aromatic inhalation group and 34 in the control group. The pre-survey included general demographic characteristics and test anxiety, stress and serum cortisol levels for all students. The experimental group received the aromatic inhalation using aroma oil (mixed Maychang, lavender, rosewood essence - ratio of 3:5:2). Results: The experimental group treated with aromatic inhalation scored significantly lower for test anxiety (t=-2.330 p=.023), physical stress (t=-2.910 p=.005) and psychological stress (t=-3.285 p=.002) compared to the control group. However, there were no differences in serum cortisol levels (t=0.228 p=.820). Conclusion: Results indicate that Aromatic inhalation, using maychang, lavender and rosewood essential oils, contributes significantly to reducing anxiety and stress among nursing students, and can therefore be an effective intervention for anxiety and stress.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.13-23
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• 2023

This study is an experimental study on the single group pre-post test design for the effects of the aroma inhalation method with roll-on on stress, pain, depression and blood pressure of the elderly. 33 elderly people who met the selection criteria participated among the elderly using the senior citizen clubs located in S city, Gyeonggi-do. The data collection period was from November 14, 2022 to December 19, 2022. A questionnaire consisting of stress, pain, depression, and blood pressure was measured before and after the aroma roll-on inhalation intervention. The components of aroma essential oil included Marjoram, Geranium, Peppermint and Orange sweet that were diluted in Jojoba oil which was the carrier oil. The aroma inhalation method with roll-on was carried out 3 times day for 4 weeks. In the result of this study, the aroma inhalation method with roll-on were statistically significant differences in stress(t=2.63, p=.013), pain(t=2.46, p=.019), and systolic blood pressure(t=3.01, p=.005) of the participants. Therefore, aroma roll-on therapy is expected to be available as a useful nursing intervention method for reducing stress, relieving pain, and managing blood pressure in the elderly using the senior citizen clubs.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.33-39
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• 2020

Objectives : Increasing evidence supports the biological and pharmacological activities of essential oils on the central nervous system such as pain, anxiety, attention, arousal, relaxation, sedation and learning and memory. The purpose of present work is to investigate the protective effect and molecular mechanism of cypress essential oil (CEO) against scopolamine (SCO)-induced cognitive impairments in C57BL/6 mice. Methods : A series of behavior tests such as Morris water maze, passive avoidance, and fear conditioning tests were conducted to monitor learning and memory functions. Immunoblotting and RT-PCR were also performed in the hippocampal tissue to determine the underlying mechanism of CEO. Results : SCO induced cognitive impairments as assessed by decreased step-through latency in passive avoidance test, relatively low freezing time in fear conditioning test, and increased time spent to find the hidden platform in Morris water maze test. Conversely, CEO inhalation significantly reversed the SCO-induced cognitive impairments in C57BL/6 mice comparable to control levels. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of memory enhancing effect of CEO we have examined the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hippocampus. CEO effectively elevated the protein as well as mRNA expression of BDNF via activation of cAMP response element binding protein (CREB). Conclusions : Our findings suggest that CEO inhalation effectively restored the SCO-impaired cognitive functions in C56BL/6 mice. This learning and memory enhancing effect of CEO was partly mediated by up-regulation of BDNF via activation of CREB.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.697-706
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of the phytoncides on serum cortisol level, vital signs and life stress of college students. Methods: This study was nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. The subjects consisted of 60(control group: 28, experimental group: 32). The phytoncides mixed the pine(pinus sylvestris) oil with the cypress(cupressus sempervirens) oil in the same rate. In the experiment, it was put in an aroma-necklace bottle and inhaled 3 times per day(9AM, at noon, before going to bed) for 2 weeks. The data were analyzed by the SPSS version 12.0 program. Results: In the experimental group systolic BP(F=15.603, p=.000), diastolic BP(F=29.489, p=.000) and serum cortisol level(F=4.968, p=.000) were significantly decreased. Conclusion: The phytoncides inhalation is a partly help to reduce college students' life stress. The phytoncides is the incense of the familial tree. We recommended to examine what differences between the green shower and the phytoncides inhalation for the stress reduction.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.37-44
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• 2017

Objectives : The application of DNCB (1-chloro-2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene) can cause cellular immunity allergic reaction such as erythema or edema on NC/Nga mice and combinational function of cells participating in immunity increase inflammatory mediator. In this study, the effects of cypress essential oil on NC/Nga mice have been assessed. Methods : Male SPF NC/Nga mice aged 8 weeks have been used for atopic dermatitis induction skin. 1% DNCB was applied on ears and backs of which hair was removed using clipper on $1^{st}$ day and 0.4% DNCB was applied three times a week for 3 weeks. In this study, cypress essential oil has been treated 1 time a day for 3 weeks after application of DNCB to induce atopic dermatitis on skin for further experiments. Results : This study shows that inhalation or application of cypress essential oil reduced edema in ears and the thickness of epidermis induced by DNCB treatment. And it can be known that treatment of cypress essential oil inhibited mast cell proliferation and reduced IgE level similar to that of the negative control especially when cypress essential oil was inhaled by the mice. Synthetic oil showed the effects lower than those of cypress essential oil. Conclusions : Inhalation or direct application of cypress essential oil on skin reduced IgE level in blood and prohibits the proliferation of mast cell, from which it can be known that cypress essential oil can be effectively used to reduce the symptoms of atopic dermatitis.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.344-352
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of aroma therapy on exam syndromes and temporary fatigue of senior high school students who are preparing to take college entrance exams. Method: This study was a pre-experimental research using a one-group pre-post test design and was conducted between April and July 2003 with 35 high school students. A pre-post test was used to measure long-term exam syndromes and temporary fatigue during the first period of school. Paired t-test was used. Aromas were given using an aroma electrical lamp, aroma necklet with basic oils of rosemary and lemon. According to the condition of the students, one or two oils were added: peppermint, pine, eucalyptus and Clary-Sage. Results: After two months (May, June), the result of administering aroma therapy to senior high school students showed in June there was a decrease in principal exam syndromes such as eye fatigue, headache, shoulder pain, neck stiffness, back pain, and common cold, and there was an increase Un study concentration during the two months. However, in May, there were no significant effects. The reason may have been a strong extraneous factor from midterm exams that would affect their college entrance. Conclusion: According to these results, if we use aroma oil carefully, with evidence-based applications, aroma therapy can have a positive effect on senior high school students who are preparing for the college entrance exams.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.40-48
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• 2004

Background and Objectives: Aroma therapy using Eucalyptus Globulus essential oil for curing allergic rhinitis is an inhalation treatment which has been applied as an aid to oriental clinics which use a fundamental treatment such as acupuncture and herbs. There have been no studies so far performed on the effect of this oils' use, only . We aimed to find out the therapeutic effect of its exclusive use only on an Animal Model with Allergic Rhinitis. Materials and Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were induced the allergic rhinitis by ovalbumin solution. And then, rats in the treated group were treated by diffusing Eucalyptus essential oil in a flask for 7 days. Compared with the treated group, rats in the control group were treated by diffusing normal saline in a flask for 7 days. We observed changes in glandular cells and mast cells in nasal mucosa and submucosa; also changes in the number of eosinophils and neutrophils in blood and the succus of rhinenchysis. Results: The number of neutrophils in the succus of rhinenchysis was significantly decreased in treated group compared with control group(p<0.05). The number of neutrophils in blood and mast cells in nasal mucosa were decreased in the treated group but, these were not significant statistically(p>0.05). Histologic changes showed edema; congestion and expansion of grandular cells in nasal submucosa and hypertrophy of epithelium in nasal mucosa were decreased in treated group compared with control group. Conclusions: The results may suggest that the inhalation treatment using Eucalyptus essential oil decreases the inflammatory response on an Animal Model with Allergic Rhinitis.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.239-251
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• 2021

Traditional Chinese medicine has treated diseases and improved health in nature-based experience. Advanced nations began to be interested in naturopathic therapy in the late 19th century and it led China to research aromatherapy. This study searched previous researches related with aromatherapy and generally analyzed aroma oil, applied body parts, methods of use, and period of use. For research contents, scientific and society journals from 2000 to 2019 related with aromatherapy were searched in CNKI(www.cnki.com) and WANFANG DATE(www.wanfang.com). Finally, 30 papers were selected through 5-step qualitative evaluation and expert review and analyzed. Frequency and percentage(%) were calculated by means of the Excel 2013 Program and represented by a chart. The results of analyzing aromatherapy trends are as follows. All 30 papers were researched in the medical society. The most common symptom was irritation and anxiety that appeared in 13 papers. Lavender oil and bergamot oil were commonly used aroma oil. Commonly applied part and method were nose and nasal inhalation. For aroma oil associated with symptoms, lavender oil was the best in irritative, anxious, and negative emotion, depression, labor pain, sleep disorder, migraine, tension, and vomiting, pain, and fatigue after operation. Lemon, ginger, and peppermint oil was good for nausea. Based on the findings, this study derived applied body parts, methods of use, and period of use in aromatherapy. However, most aromatherapy was used for patients in the nursing and medical fields in the simple form of inhalation and local massage. This study will suggest a standard ground that aromatherapy is good for pain, colic pain, and tension in a short period but needs a long period for the efficacy of psychological and neurological symptoms.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.44-52
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• 2020

This study was conducted to investigate the effect on Brain Quotient from inhalation of blended oils. The subjects of the study were 64 people aged 20 to 59 years, with 32 in the experimental group and 32 in the control group. Blended oil with six aromas (Lavender, Bergamot, Mandarin, Lemon, Cedarwood, Roman Chamomile) was given to the experimental group, and Jojoba oil was given to the control group, for 30 minutes. Before and after the experiment, BQ tests (SRQ, BRQ, ATQ, ACQ, EQ, ASQ, CQ, and BQ) from the experimental group and the control group were compared and analyzed using a brain-training machine (NeuroHarmony S). There was a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in three out of the eight tests analyzed ATQ (p<.05), ACQ (p<.05), BQ (p<.05). In other words, aromatherapy improves concentration and memory by increasing attention, and helps to maintain mental activity, thinking ability, and behavioral balance. BQ also represents a comprehensive brain function, and aromatherapy is a good way to maintain human mental and physical health.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.95-102
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of aroma oil on EEG and academic stress. Twenty four male middle school students whose mean age 15 years participated in this experiment. They were assigned into one of two experimental conditions :(1) treatment group and control group. Lee Bo-young's Academic stress level test was used to measure the level of the stress. WEEG-8 Channel(Laxtha Inc) was used to measure the EEG. Four different areas(Fp1, Fp2, F3, F4) related to stress were tested based on the international 10-20 System. The task was to complete the stress test, to inhale the aroma in a comfortable chair for 3 minutes and to complete the stress test, again. The results of this study indicated that aroma inhalation reduced students' academic stress. In addition, alpha wave was increased by inhaling the aroma. The findings of the present study suggested that aromatherapy become a potential tool to reduce the level of stress.