• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.17-24
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• 2013

This study examined and investigated architectural characteristics such as the use of buildings, the number of layers, and structure, and roof landscape characteristics such as roof types, materials, and color in rural villages which were located on the street on the assumption that the landscape of rural villages should be managed by considering visual aspects. The results were as follows. The commonest frequency was found in 'residence'(2/3) for the use of buildings and 'masonry structure'(2/3) for the structure. 'Wood structure' and 'light gauge steel structure(prefabricated structure)' were also commonly found. The results suggest that although many rural houses have partially improved by agricultural and fishery development projects and garden suburbs has been increased by city residents' desire for rural life, there have been still many old houses. Frequently used roof types were a gambrel roof and a hipped roof. Roof materials were mixed in several materials such as tiles, slate, panels, color steel plate, reinforced concrete, and asphalt shingles. Roof color was also mixed in several colors such as reddish N7 and N0.5 of Neutral color, 10R3/6 and 10R3/10 of R color, 7.5B4/10 and 7.5B7/8 of B color and 5G8/6 of G color. The result suggests that roof color impedes the landscape of rural villages on the street. Based on the results, some roofs of rural villages were improved by the support of the government or the local governments but there are still many old roofs. The mixture of improved roofs and old roofs mainly contributed to impeding the landscape of rural villages and it was probably caused by the lack of systematic landscape plans by individual improvement of buildings. Therefore, it is necessary to devise systematic landscape plans in consideration of local identity and neighboring environment. In particular, the guideline for roof color influencing a street landscape should be established.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.97-111
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• 2012

This study aims to find a proper construction cost calculation method by comparing unit prices of cost estimate in landscape construction among other public ordering construction projects. There were 7 out of 12 items from the actual work cost in the first half of 2011 were compared. The 12 items were classified as landscape Architectural construction and the 7 items were the approximate standard. As applied construction types, the comparable 35 items out of the 80 actual work cost items applied to 5 sites were compared to the unit price of the standard quantity per unit in March 2011, which was the approximate standard. Actual construction rate of the 7 items in the category of landscape sector was 104.86% for each item and 92.09% as a total construction cost. The high actual construction rate was caused by the high rate of seed spray depending on the status of applying rocks. However, there were more fundamental reasons for the cost generated from aslope treatment for grass and seed spray. So, it requires more detailed regulations on the modification factors for each soil type, the standard and needs to improve theillogical standard quantity per unit system. Actual construction rate of the 35 items in the applied sectors of civil engineering and architecture was 78.65% for each item and 71.31% (70.17%) as a total construction cost. This shows that actual unit cost cannot reflect actual cost structurally and standard quantity per unit system lacks practicality in terms of construction due to thelabor force. 85.1~91.2 % actual construction rate announced by the Ministry of Land and Maritime Affairs referred to the newly switched items. So the result was estimated as actual construction rate. This requires supplementation after verification in order to make the actual work cost produce at a proper rate. Also, standard quantity per unit system needs complementation with these actual data and so on.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.126-133
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• 2017

This study analyzed hydrological changes of stormwater runoff of Seolleung Jeongneung zone according to the application of LID system based on landscape Architectural technology. The results are as follows. First, when flooding occurred in Gwanghwamun in July 27, 2011, the maximum instantaneous rainfall amount was 183 mm/hr recorded at 10:00 on 27th for 10 minutes, and it was confirmed that rainfall intensity more than three times as high as the maximum rainfall of 57.5 mm/hr. Second, it is possible to control peak flow rate in the case of 1,500mm of soil thickness, so that it is possible to improve the vulnerability of flood damage in Seolleung and Jeongneung zone when applying the LID system. Third, in the berm height scenario, peak flow rate control was not controled in all depth level models, but the first stormwater runoff was delayed by 4 hours and 10 minutes compared to the soil thickness scenario. It was interpreted as a relatively important indicator the soil thickness for the initial stromwater runoff reduction and the berm height for the peak runoff. Through this, the systematic adaptation of landscape-friendly ecological factors within the cultural property protection zone could theoretically confirm the effects of flood disaster prevention.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.3-9
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• 2011

In this study, the change of critical elements of the design evaluation was investigated during two decades at the architectural competition which was held nationwide in Germany. Specifically, the periods of investigation span both from July 1989 to June 1990 and from July 2009 to June 2010. The results of the analysis show that the cost of construction, the maintenance cost, the design of facade and the energy conservation are being magnified for the new important elements. The images of buildings and the economic aspects are meant to be high. The frequency of the critical elements for interior spaces is approximately two times more important than those for the forms and outdoor spaces. Overall, many juries of the architectural competition in Germany were interested in the elements for interior spaces. The field of function accounts for roughly the half of four basic architectural fields such as function, others, aesthetic and construction fields. The critical elements are required persistently such as context, Circulation, organization of space, form, landscape and outdoor space design, arrangement of building, cost of construction, function, design of facade, location of main entrance. These items are regarded as the most important elements of the design evaluation at the competition. Knowing the change of critical elements of the design evaluation, we can understand the trend of architecture in Germany. The results of this study can be applied in Korea to develop the critical elements of design.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.59-66
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• 2003

To be the design method supporting aesthetic ability of human, CAAD system should essentially recognize architectural form in the same way of human. In this study, visual perception process of human was analyzed to search proper computational method performing similar step of perception of it. Through the analysis of visual perception, vision was separated to low-level vision and high-level vision. Edge detection and neural network were selected to model after low-level vision and high-level vision. The 24 images of building, tree and landscape were processed by edge detection and trained by neural network. And 24 new images were used to test trained network. The test shows that trained network gives right perception result toward each images with low error rate. This study is on the meaning of artificial intelligence in design process rather than on the design automation strategy through artificial intelligence.

• Architectural research
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.111-121
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• 2013

This paper examines the interdisciplinary practice within design realms including urban planning, architecture, landscape architecture and interior design. It discusses the pedagogical approaches at design schools to foster designers capable of design challenge with interdisciplinary skills. As the complexity of contemporary multicultural society increasingly requires a higher level of expertise in professional service, no individual designer can be expert in all fragmented expertise across the whole design and associated engineering areas. A designer, therefore, should rely on the expertise of other practitioners in areas where he or she doesn't possess proficiency and educational background. From this sense the need of interdisciplinary approaches across diverse range of design and engineering through the collaboration is rising. Historically most of discussion made on interdisciplinary approaches is limited to collaboration between architecture and supporting engineering. This paper focuses on the collaboration with design realms. Three case studies done in an interdisciplinary firm are explored, focusing on design process that is non-linear and complementary. Finally the integrative pedagogical approaches to provide students with more exposure to allied disciplines are navigated with exemplary student work from interdisciplinary design studio.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.14 no.4 s.44
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• pp.29-39
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• 2005

The Honam region has played an important role in the development of Korea poetry. So this study focuses on Song Soon among various factors of Honam architecture in 16th century. He was ahead of his times in development of Korean literature, and made buildings that become background and materials of his literature. Song Soon built Myonang-jong in Damyang for his life time and tried to design to pull in nature into his buildings. These buildings were built in beautiful landscape, and showed elegance as a retired scholar and Taoism characteristics. He provided basic ideas, that is, pulling in nature into architecture, and metaphysics morality, and his ideas also influenced Honam School Including Jung Chul. This study looks into Nujung architecture that had become materials of Myonang-jong Song Soon literature and characteristics of Honam architecture through his buildings at the same time.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.143-156
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• 2021

In this study, the Bookstore Block of Historical and Cultural Street in Kaifeng City is taken as the object, which makes analysis on the landscape color features appearing in the elements of the bookstore block landscape. Through literature, it obtains the contrast list for the landscape composite elements of the historical and cultural street. After mastering the general characteristics of architectural colors and basic analysis methods of landscape colors in the Qing Dynasty, it conducts the site survey on the landscape composition elements and colors of the bookstore block. According to the conclusion, it is found that the landscape color of bookstore block is composed of R series, PB series, Y series and achromatic (N) series, in which the overall color shows relatively high integrity. However, it exists some deficiencies in the use of colors in signs, facilities and modeling objects. Therefore, it is necessity to increase the color plan of landscape elements such as signs, modeling objects and facilities, enhance the recognition possibilities of visual information.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.21-33
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• 2015

This study aims to rediscover the meaning and value of Soswaewon construction represented in Kim In-Hu's 48 poems on the basis of the concept and idea of soundscape. It classified the landscape resources through the various emotional elements such as the sense of sight, hearing, smell, touch, taste, and warmth described in the 48 poems of Soswaewon, and also interpreted the meaning and value of Soswaewon construction. Appreciating various sounds of Soswaewon, Kim In-Hu understood a sound as an important element of the landscape. Also, he abundantly wrote down the interesting changes of Soswaewon which vary depending on time or seasons. The 48 poems contain the scent and feel of Soswaewon as well as the soundscapes which can be heard with ears. A variety of sounds heard in Soswaewon are the whole senses which are combined with the chill of Soswaewon, the fragrance of trees and the mystery of the mountain, etc, and they mean the wider world much more than the value of physical sounds. Soundscapes of Soswaewon are becoming an emotional space which intactly conveys not only the musical inspiration but also the scent of life to us.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.102-109
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to analyze how Korean traditional characteristics(traditionality) are reflected in contemporary multi-housing planning since 1997 and to draw its typical way of expression. Through this study, the following conclusions have been reached; The First, Socio-cultural characteristics have affected the planning concept of the multi housing planning in the three way ; traditional philosophies, community space and regional traits. The Second, Two characteristics of space planning were shown in drawings, sketches and photographs; territorial, hierarchic, surrounded space in exterior planning and intermediated spaces in interior planning. The Third, Ornamental characteristics of architectural and landscape design were found; the architectural structure, the traditional landscape, patterns and colors. In conclusion, this study found two types of expression of the Korean traditional characteristics. The first is ‘concrete planning’which was focused on traditional ornamental elements such as forms and colors. And the second is ‘abstract planning’which was focused on the traditional space planning in interior or exterior, philosophy, communal organization and regional characteristics by interpretation of architects and designers. This study shows that the combination of two types of the traditionality will be more ideal in multi-housing planning rather than relying on just one type.