• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.289-295
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• 2004

The objective of this paper is to analyze the equipment combination of stevedoring system at port container terminal. In general, the productivity of container terminal is evaluated by productivity of container cranes at apron, but there are other equipment such as transport vehicles and yard cranes. Therefore, a method that can estimate the optimal equipment combination of stevedoring system in container terminal is required. We perform various simulation experiment and analyze equipment combination to improve the productivity. From the application of the case study, we demonstrated the savings effect using mean waiting time rates by the equipment combination.

• Transactions of the KSME C: Technology and Education
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.307-312
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• 2015

The passenger boarding bridge which provides a safe and comfort passenger pathway between an airplane and airport terminal gate is one of the apron equipment. This study investigates the effect of the lift column layout design on structural strength of the passenger boarding bridge by using finite element method, comparing deflection and stress. The overlapped zone of the tunnel frame A and B occurred at the maximum stress. The results of this research show that the lift column layout design is closely the value of the maximum stress.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.85-98
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• 2009

The modern trend in costumes, influenced by postmodernism, is to use of various patterns and images borrowed from diverse cultures of many ethnic groups. The Yo tribe studied in this paper is miner ethnic group in China, whose traditional costume is very splendid and modern. In addition, its embroidery pattern has a high artistic value in that its shapes are diverse and splendid and each one has its own peculiar elegance. As for the research method, I examined the Yo tribe's history, culture, traditional costumes and design patterns through related books, research papers, internet sites, and etc. The results of the paper are as follows. The Yo tribe's costumes consist of a jacket, trousers or a skirt, an apron and a belt. Although the color of the costumes is all black, there are splendid embroidery decorations with the colors of red, orange, yellow, green and white on the chest or shoulder part of a jacket, the adjusting lines, cuffs, or a part of a trousers and aprons. The types of the patterns represented in the Yo tribe's traditional costumes are related to nature, ancestor worship, ethnic legends, history, religion, and agricultural lives. The method by which the Yo tribe expressed on their costumes is a "peach-blossom" technique, which uses cross-shaped embroidery with wrap and woof threads. Because it is not apt to express delicate and detailed patterns, the Yo tribe's patterns tend to show abstract and geometrical forms.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.1-13
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• 2002

This paper investigated the costumes of young girl dancers in Yon wha dae moo(연화대무: Lotus Stage dance) which were documented on the Ak-hak-guae-bum(악학궤범: Protocol of music) and the Jin-yeon-eui-guae(진연의궤: Archives of Royal Feast). The fashion of the costumes can be changed into three phases, based mainly on the changes of Hap-rip(합립: silk hat), Dan-eui(단의: long jacket) and Sang(상: apron type skirt). In the first phase the costume consisted of Hap-rip, round neck-line Dan-eui and tiered skirt decorated with pleat and Yu-so(유소: decorated cords). In the second phase. it consisted of Hap-rip, v-shape neck-line Dan-eui and skirt without pleat. In the third phase, it consisted of Yeon-wha-gwan(연화관: Lotus shape cap), round neck-line Dan-eui of later era and skirt with pleat and Yu-so. Yon-wha-dae dance appears to be adopted from Ja-ji-mu( 자지무: chinese dance) that originated in West and Central Asia. In both dances. young girl dancers danced mainly jump and spin. The costume of round neck-line Dan-eui seems to have been affected by the fashion in Dang Dynasty when young girls loved to wear Dan-ryung(단령: male coat with round neckline). And it satisfied the need of mobility for the dance which was Performed mainly with jump.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.130-135
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• 2014

FOD(Foreign Object Debris) has the potential threat to damage aircraft during critical phases of take-off and landing roll with some objects including metal on the runway. FOD can be found anywhere on an airport's air operation areas such as runway, taxiway and apron. It can lead to catastrophic loss of life and airframe, and increased maintenance and operating costs. In this paper, we defined FOD and surveyed its riskiness and necessity of automatic FOD detection system. We compared the requirements of the environment in Korea to the FAA advisory circular. Also we analyzed operation methods of FOD detection systems already installed at some airports. Based on the surveys mentioned above, we propose hybrid type of FOD detection system considering the environment in Korea which uses millimeter wave radar, optical camera and thermal imaging camera to detect FOD efficiently. In management approach, fixed type of the system should be installed for real-time monitoring, and mobile type of the system can be used additionally.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.91-102
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• 2019

Tibet has a long history and many traditions that feature colorful costumes. This study analyzes the similarities and differences in the use of multicolored stripes in the Korean Saekdong (색동: stripes of many colors) and Tibetan folk costumes. The analyses were done within the framework of Tibet's cultural and religious background and the characteristics of the region's traditional costumes. For this study, literature and photographs from books and the Internet that record the history of Tibet's traditional costumes were analyzed. The results show that the use of various colorful stripes was common in the Bangjeon (帮典) apron, one of the greatest costumes in Tibetan history. A Bangjeon is made of wool of multiple colors and has horizontal lines as compared with the silk Saekdong's vertical lines. In addition, they have a multicolored striped band on the sleeves which reminds one of the traditional Korean jacket with its Saekdong sleeves. However, these multicolored stripes appear in more parts of the Saekdong (such as the hemline and front collar) when compared with contemporary Korean costumes. Moreover, the multicolored bands are noticeable in several ornaments from the time, which suggests that Tibetans and Koreans were very fond of using multicolored stripes. Costumes from the Goguryeo (高句麗) dynasty indicate that Tibetans, like the Mongols and Manchus, were very similar to Koreans as they had multicolored garments and Paji pants in common.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.134-140
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• 2018

Scour in the downstream of hydraulic structures such as apron induces to collapse due to abruptly increasing rainfall and discharge in streams and reaches. This is because the forcible jet from overflowing is not sufficiently dissipated by existing energy dissipators, and it continues to sweep the bed materials during flood events. In this study, a second stilling basin was proposed as a countermeasure and the energy dissipation efficiency of this structure was analyzed using 3D-dimensional numerical analysis. First, results from previous research and hydraulic tests were used to verify the accuracy of the numerical model. It showed that the second stilling basin played a definite role in reducing the bottom velocity, comparing with diminishing the energy dissipation when numerical tests were conducted under scaled field conditions in Korea. This means that the second stilling basin can be a countermeasure against scour in downstream. If more efficiency analysis of the second stilling basin would be performed in terms of energy dissipator for various types of hydraulic jump, it would be an alternative solution to scouring issues.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.9-20
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• 2014

PURPOSES : This study is to compare load transfer efficiency of key joint and dowel joint for airport concrete pavement. METHODS : As AC150/5320-6D of FAA's [Advisory Circular] was changed into AC150/5320-6E, Key joint type of rigid pavement were excluded from Construction Joints. LTE(Load Transfer Efficiency) of dowel joint and key joint were compared by times and seasons through pavement temperature measurement, ocular investigation and HWD measurement. RESULTS : For the joint performance grade of No. 2(The second) runway of airport, 12% of poor rate was observed in key joint and 2% of poor rate in dowel joint. Poor rate of key joint was increased to 17%, if only No. 3~No. 6 slabs, which are mostly loaded from the airplanes, were applied for the study. In apron area, LTE poor rate of key joint was high in winter, and LTE poor rate of dowel joint was at least above 'Fair' grade. In summer, 'Fair' for key joint, 'Acceptable' for dowel joint appeared. CONCLUSIONS : As results, dowel joint was superior than key joint for LTE. Deviations of seasons and times were smaller in dowel joint's result. And LTE in winter was lower than LTE in summer.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.67-74
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• 2018

PURPOSES : The goal of this study is the development of roundabout accident models for urban and non-urban areas. METHODS : This study performed a comparative analysis of the regional factors affecting accidents. Traffic accident data were collected for the period 2010~2014 from the TAAS data set of the Road Traffic Authority. To develop the roundabout accident models, the Poisson and negative binomial regression models were used. A total of 25 explanatory variables such as geometry, and traffic volume were used. RESULTS : The key findings are as follows: First, it was found that the null hypotheses that the number of accidents is the same should be rejected. Second, three Poisson regression accident models, which are statistically significant (${\rho}^2$ of 0.154 and 0.385) were developed. Third, it was noted that although the common variable of the three models (models I~III) is the number of entry lanes, the specific variables are entry lane width, roundabout sign, number of circulatory roadways, splitter island, number of exit lanes, exit lane width, number of approach roads, and truck apron. CONCLUSIONS : The results of this study can provide suggestive countermeasures for decreasing the number of roundabout accidents.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.49-53
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• 2001

A number of radionuclides of interest in nuclear medicine are short lived isotopes that emit only gamma ray. The most of all Dept. of Nuclear Medicine in the hospt. are using the $^{99}Mo-^{99m}Tc$ generator for elution of the short lived isotope $^{99m}TcO_4$. A $^{99}Mo-^{99m}Tc$ generator consists of an alumina column on which $^{99}Mo$ is bound. The parent isotope($^{99}Mo$ : half life 67 hr.) decays to its daughter $^{99m}TcO_4^-$ which is a different element with a shorter half-life. $^{99}Mo$ emitted 41-keV(1.3%), 141-keV(5.6%) 181-keV(6.6%) and 366-keV(1.5%) gamma rays. But $^{99m}TcO_4$ emitted only 140-keV gamma ray. We study about the gamma ray distribution around the $^{99}Mo$ generator. And obtained the result as follows ; 1. Total counted gamma ray from generator smaller in front side than back. 2. The gamma ray emitted from $^{99}Mo$ generator without $^{99m}TcO_4$ vial increased in the back side(Mo column posited side) 3. The gamma ray only from the $^{99m}TcO_4$ vial increased in the front side. 4. Apron can protect gamma ray above 60% of total radiation from the $^{99}Mo$ generator.